IHD
... Women´s Health Initiative Study proved, that among women in the first year of using HST, it significantly increases risk of coronary event occurrence ...
... Women´s Health Initiative Study proved, that among women in the first year of using HST, it significantly increases risk of coronary event occurrence ...
Heart attack A heart attack (myocardial infarction) occurs when the
... muscle is seriously decreased or stops. The blood flow decrease or stoppage happens when there is a blockage in one or more of the coronary arteries that take blood to the heart muscle. This tends to occur due to an accumulation of plaque, which is known as arteriosclerosis (or also atherosclerosis) ...
... muscle is seriously decreased or stops. The blood flow decrease or stoppage happens when there is a blockage in one or more of the coronary arteries that take blood to the heart muscle. This tends to occur due to an accumulation of plaque, which is known as arteriosclerosis (or also atherosclerosis) ...
Circulatory System Notes
... ARTERIES carry blood AWAY from heart- most arteries carry oxygenated blood Exception- PUMONARY ARTERIES going to lungs to GET oxygen (deoxygenated) VEINS carry blood RETURNING to heart-most veins carry deoxygenated blood Exception- PULMONARY VEINS bring blood back from lungs (oxygenated) FETAL HEAR ...
... ARTERIES carry blood AWAY from heart- most arteries carry oxygenated blood Exception- PUMONARY ARTERIES going to lungs to GET oxygen (deoxygenated) VEINS carry blood RETURNING to heart-most veins carry deoxygenated blood Exception- PULMONARY VEINS bring blood back from lungs (oxygenated) FETAL HEAR ...
Approach to Congestive Heart Failure and Vascular Emergencies
... – Secondary to hypertensive emergency ...
... – Secondary to hypertensive emergency ...
report
... ticking time-bomb plaques. So far, no biomarker has proved very accurate. Mr. Russert's heart disease was a mixed picture. Some factors looked favorable. There was no family history of heart attacks. Though he had high blood pressure, drugs lowered it pretty well, said his internist, Dr. Michael A. ...
... ticking time-bomb plaques. So far, no biomarker has proved very accurate. Mr. Russert's heart disease was a mixed picture. Some factors looked favorable. There was no family history of heart attacks. Though he had high blood pressure, drugs lowered it pretty well, said his internist, Dr. Michael A. ...
A Magnificent System
... heart and pass oxygen and nutrients to tissue cells through small, thin blood vessels called capillaries. After the cells have used up the oxygen and nutrients, carbon dioxide and waste products leave the tissue through capillaries. Blood flows to the veins, which carry oxygen-poor blood back to the ...
... heart and pass oxygen and nutrients to tissue cells through small, thin blood vessels called capillaries. After the cells have used up the oxygen and nutrients, carbon dioxide and waste products leave the tissue through capillaries. Blood flows to the veins, which carry oxygen-poor blood back to the ...
heart
... WALL- have 3 LAYERS INNER- simple squamous epithelium + connective tissue= endothelium Middle- smooth muscle Outer- loose and fibrous connective tissue Arterioles- tiny arteries ...
... WALL- have 3 LAYERS INNER- simple squamous epithelium + connective tissue= endothelium Middle- smooth muscle Outer- loose and fibrous connective tissue Arterioles- tiny arteries ...
File
... The tricuspid and bicuspid valves are the ______________________________________________valves (because they connect the atria to the ventricles) and are designed so that blood can only move in ______________________________________________ ...
... The tricuspid and bicuspid valves are the ______________________________________________valves (because they connect the atria to the ventricles) and are designed so that blood can only move in ______________________________________________ ...
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
... 1. Heart attack – clot in heart (usually in coronary arteries 2. blood pressure – pressure in artery walls; ex. 120/80 – pressure when contraction/ relaxation of ventricles 3. heart murmur – faulty valve (often) 4. CPR – cardio (heart); pulmonary (lung) recessitation ...
... 1. Heart attack – clot in heart (usually in coronary arteries 2. blood pressure – pressure in artery walls; ex. 120/80 – pressure when contraction/ relaxation of ventricles 3. heart murmur – faulty valve (often) 4. CPR – cardio (heart); pulmonary (lung) recessitation ...
Anaesthesia and heart failure Introduction: Congestive cardiac
... maximise functional capacity. Along with diuretics, many patients with CCF will be taking a betablocker and an ACE inhibitor (or Angiotensin II receptor antagonist). These drugs reduce myocardial work by controlling heart rate and reducing afterload respectively ...
... maximise functional capacity. Along with diuretics, many patients with CCF will be taking a betablocker and an ACE inhibitor (or Angiotensin II receptor antagonist). These drugs reduce myocardial work by controlling heart rate and reducing afterload respectively ...
Pathologic Basis
... • A man complains to his doctor of the sudden onset of severe, crushing, continuous central chest pain, radiating into the left side of the neck and down the left arm. • he had previously experienced similar, less severe, pain in his chest on physical exertion, but that the pain used to go away on r ...
... • A man complains to his doctor of the sudden onset of severe, crushing, continuous central chest pain, radiating into the left side of the neck and down the left arm. • he had previously experienced similar, less severe, pain in his chest on physical exertion, but that the pain used to go away on r ...
1. Diffusion: The movement of particles of a fluid from a high
... 1. Diffusion: The movement of particles of a fluid from a high concentration to a low concentration, down the concentration gradient. 2. Osmosis: The movement of water form an area of low concentration of solutes to an area of high concentration of solutes, across a partially permeable membrane. 3. ...
... 1. Diffusion: The movement of particles of a fluid from a high concentration to a low concentration, down the concentration gradient. 2. Osmosis: The movement of water form an area of low concentration of solutes to an area of high concentration of solutes, across a partially permeable membrane. 3. ...
12Review Ch12 14 09answers
... 1. The strongest pumping chambers of the heart are the ventricles 2. The function of the valves in the veins is to prevent backflow 3. The aorta carries blood to the body tissues 4. The veins carry blood to the heart. 5. The pulmonary vein carries blood from the lungs to the heart. 6. The right atri ...
... 1. The strongest pumping chambers of the heart are the ventricles 2. The function of the valves in the veins is to prevent backflow 3. The aorta carries blood to the body tissues 4. The veins carry blood to the heart. 5. The pulmonary vein carries blood from the lungs to the heart. 6. The right atri ...
File
... the cuff is detected electronically. This method measures systolic, mean and diastolic pressures Advantages to the oscillometer method are that it is automatic and works well in dogs. Disadvantages are the expense and that it is less reliable in cats and hypotensive patients. Arterial catheterizatio ...
... the cuff is detected electronically. This method measures systolic, mean and diastolic pressures Advantages to the oscillometer method are that it is automatic and works well in dogs. Disadvantages are the expense and that it is less reliable in cats and hypotensive patients. Arterial catheterizatio ...
Cardiovascular Unit Jeopardy Review Vessels 10 The large artery
... 50 Four components of a blood clot (platelets, clotting factors, fibrin, other cells) 60 Most common location for an aneurysm (aorta) 70 Two most likely risk factors for aneurysm (genetics or congenital defect) Blood Pressure 10 Units for blood pressure (mmHg) 20 Between the range of 140/90mmHg and ...
... 50 Four components of a blood clot (platelets, clotting factors, fibrin, other cells) 60 Most common location for an aneurysm (aorta) 70 Two most likely risk factors for aneurysm (genetics or congenital defect) Blood Pressure 10 Units for blood pressure (mmHg) 20 Between the range of 140/90mmHg and ...
Evaluation and Management of Chronic Heart Failure
... 5. The SOLVD Investigators. Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1991;325(5):293–302. 6. Pitt B, Poole-Wilson PA, Segal R, et al. Effect of losartan compared with captopril on mortality in patients wi ...
... 5. The SOLVD Investigators. Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1991;325(5):293–302. 6. Pitt B, Poole-Wilson PA, Segal R, et al. Effect of losartan compared with captopril on mortality in patients wi ...
File
... 26. Define endocardium. 27. What happens to veins when they are not filled with blood? 28. What is the cause of heart failure? 29. What is the function of the SA node? 30. ____________________ is a disease caused by fatty deposits in the walls of the arteries. 31. Define aneursym. 32. The superior v ...
... 26. Define endocardium. 27. What happens to veins when they are not filled with blood? 28. What is the cause of heart failure? 29. What is the function of the SA node? 30. ____________________ is a disease caused by fatty deposits in the walls of the arteries. 31. Define aneursym. 32. The superior v ...
Calcium channel blockers/antagonists
... amounts of Ca+2 (Ca+2-overload) • This leads to further damage of the heart • Ca+2 enters the myocardial cells via routes that can be blocked by calcium antagonists ...
... amounts of Ca+2 (Ca+2-overload) • This leads to further damage of the heart • Ca+2 enters the myocardial cells via routes that can be blocked by calcium antagonists ...
File
... o Irregular contractions of the atria and/or ventricles due to chaotic electrical signals o Result is lack of blood flow to the heart o Heart rate may be 100-175 beats per minute at rest 2) ________________________ = less than 60 beats/min o Heart does not pump enough oxygenrich blood Pacemaker ...
... o Irregular contractions of the atria and/or ventricles due to chaotic electrical signals o Result is lack of blood flow to the heart o Heart rate may be 100-175 beats per minute at rest 2) ________________________ = less than 60 beats/min o Heart does not pump enough oxygenrich blood Pacemaker ...
Cardiac Exam Study Guide Page 1
... Assess patients for allergy to iodine-based contrast media before having diagnostic tests requiring a contrast agent. The most definitive test in the diagnosis of heart disease is cardiac catheterization. Prepare patients having a cardiac catheterization for expectations of the procedure and p ...
... Assess patients for allergy to iodine-based contrast media before having diagnostic tests requiring a contrast agent. The most definitive test in the diagnosis of heart disease is cardiac catheterization. Prepare patients having a cardiac catheterization for expectations of the procedure and p ...
Coronary Artery Disease
... coronary arteries as the fuel line to an engine. The heart is that engine that pumps blood to all organs of the body including the heart itself. If a coronary artery is narrowed less blood and consequently less oxygen and nutrients get to the heart muscle so that the heart weakens and pumps less blo ...
... coronary arteries as the fuel line to an engine. The heart is that engine that pumps blood to all organs of the body including the heart itself. If a coronary artery is narrowed less blood and consequently less oxygen and nutrients get to the heart muscle so that the heart weakens and pumps less blo ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.