The effects of hypertension on aortic valve stenosis
... panels A–D). These features suggested a diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to isolated left ventricular non-compaction (IVNC). IVNC is an increasingly recognised and important cause of heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias. This case with late presentation illustrates the complementar ...
... panels A–D). These features suggested a diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to isolated left ventricular non-compaction (IVNC). IVNC is an increasingly recognised and important cause of heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias. This case with late presentation illustrates the complementar ...
Drugs affecting the cardiovascular System
... the myocardium. These drugs are found in a number of plants. Digoxin is extracted from the leaves of Digitalis lanata. The term “digitalis” is used to designate the whole group of glycosides. The glycosides are composed of 2 portions: a sugar and a cardenolide (hence “glycosides”). ...
... the myocardium. These drugs are found in a number of plants. Digoxin is extracted from the leaves of Digitalis lanata. The term “digitalis” is used to designate the whole group of glycosides. The glycosides are composed of 2 portions: a sugar and a cardenolide (hence “glycosides”). ...
Day 4 Circulatory System Dissection Guide
... 4. Notice that the surface of the heart is covered with blood vessels. These are part of the coronary circulation, a set of arteries and veins whose only job is to nourish the heart tissue. Blockage in these vessels causes heart attacks. 5. Anterior to the heart, locate another large vein that enter ...
... 4. Notice that the surface of the heart is covered with blood vessels. These are part of the coronary circulation, a set of arteries and veins whose only job is to nourish the heart tissue. Blockage in these vessels causes heart attacks. 5. Anterior to the heart, locate another large vein that enter ...
Cardiovascular Dynamics (Exercise Responses)
... LVEDV – this stretching results in a more forced contraction of the cardiac muscle and an increase in the amount of blood ejected – referred to as the Frank-Starling Law therefore, the most important factor that regulates SV is the amount of blood that is returned to the heart (venous return) du ...
... LVEDV – this stretching results in a more forced contraction of the cardiac muscle and an increase in the amount of blood ejected – referred to as the Frank-Starling Law therefore, the most important factor that regulates SV is the amount of blood that is returned to the heart (venous return) du ...
Heart Rate (HR) x Stroke Volume (SV) = Cardiac Output
... BENEFIT: Allows a quicker recovery after exercise. 7. Decreased Blood Pressure: Since the heart does not have to work as hard when trained, the blood pressure will drop. BENEFIT: Reduces chances of heart attacks and allows more effective transfer of blood (and oxygen). 8. Healthy Veins & Arteries: L ...
... BENEFIT: Allows a quicker recovery after exercise. 7. Decreased Blood Pressure: Since the heart does not have to work as hard when trained, the blood pressure will drop. BENEFIT: Reduces chances of heart attacks and allows more effective transfer of blood (and oxygen). 8. Healthy Veins & Arteries: L ...
chapter 1: cardiology - Physician Assistant Boards
... ACE/ARBs and beta blockers are your main drugs in terms of lowering mortality. Specific beta blockers you should know are carvedilol, bisoprolol, and metoprolol succinate - these have the most proven benefit in reducing mortality. Small caveat: never give beta blockers during an acute exacerbation ...
... ACE/ARBs and beta blockers are your main drugs in terms of lowering mortality. Specific beta blockers you should know are carvedilol, bisoprolol, and metoprolol succinate - these have the most proven benefit in reducing mortality. Small caveat: never give beta blockers during an acute exacerbation ...
Organisational Complexity of the Human Circulation System
... Blood remains in a continuous system of blood vessels…..e.g. in Humans Advantages of a Closed Circulation System ...
... Blood remains in a continuous system of blood vessels…..e.g. in Humans Advantages of a Closed Circulation System ...
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
... recurrence. However, 6 to 9 percent of patients develop additional clots after the therapy is completed, and prolonged use of warfarin is associated with an elevated risk of dangerous bleeding episodes. The NHLBI trial assessed whether warfarin given at a dose that causes a lower intensity of antico ...
... recurrence. However, 6 to 9 percent of patients develop additional clots after the therapy is completed, and prolonged use of warfarin is associated with an elevated risk of dangerous bleeding episodes. The NHLBI trial assessed whether warfarin given at a dose that causes a lower intensity of antico ...
Q1. (a) The heart controls and coordinates the regular contraction of
... One of these diseases is asbestosis. The asbestos fibres are very small and enter the bronchioles and alveoli. They cause the destruction of phagocytes and the surrounding lung tissue becomes scarred and fibrous. The fibrous tissue reduces the elasticity of the lungs and causes the alveolar walls to ...
... One of these diseases is asbestosis. The asbestos fibres are very small and enter the bronchioles and alveoli. They cause the destruction of phagocytes and the surrounding lung tissue becomes scarred and fibrous. The fibrous tissue reduces the elasticity of the lungs and causes the alveolar walls to ...
1-Chronotropic action
... differences between different blood vessels.That is veins and arteries. ...
... differences between different blood vessels.That is veins and arteries. ...
The Heart
... Systole: the contraction or squeezing process of the heart whereby blood is forced from the heart’s chamber to circulate throughout the body ...
... Systole: the contraction or squeezing process of the heart whereby blood is forced from the heart’s chamber to circulate throughout the body ...
A View of Life
... Rhythmic expansion and recoil of an arterial wall can be felt as a pulse in an artery close to the body’s surface. Blood pressure is the pressure of blood against the wall of a blood vessel. – Highest pressure, systolic pressure, is reached when blood ejects from the heart. – Lowest pressure, diasto ...
... Rhythmic expansion and recoil of an arterial wall can be felt as a pulse in an artery close to the body’s surface. Blood pressure is the pressure of blood against the wall of a blood vessel. – Highest pressure, systolic pressure, is reached when blood ejects from the heart. – Lowest pressure, diasto ...
Heart Failure: A New Epidemic of Cardiovascular Disease
... diagnosed with heart failure. Effective treatment has improved both of these outcomes, with a relative reduction in hospitalization in recent years of 30% – 50% and smaller but significant decreases in mortality.7,8 A number of factors could have accounted for the steep decline in incident hospi ...
... diagnosed with heart failure. Effective treatment has improved both of these outcomes, with a relative reduction in hospitalization in recent years of 30% – 50% and smaller but significant decreases in mortality.7,8 A number of factors could have accounted for the steep decline in incident hospi ...
Summative Test Solutions - CIA-Biology-2011-2012
... a) the total pressure of a mixture on nonreactive gases is equal to the product of the partial pressures of the individual gases. b) The pressure of each gas in the atmosphere can be calculated using the percentage by volume of each gas present. c) The largest change in the partial pressure of oxyge ...
... a) the total pressure of a mixture on nonreactive gases is equal to the product of the partial pressures of the individual gases. b) The pressure of each gas in the atmosphere can be calculated using the percentage by volume of each gas present. c) The largest change in the partial pressure of oxyge ...
File - Mr. Graff`s Science Room
... normal diastolic blood pressure is 80 mmHg (written 120/80) Hypertension - high blood pressure, caused by more resistance to the flow of blood Arteries are always under much higher blood pressure than veins ...
... normal diastolic blood pressure is 80 mmHg (written 120/80) Hypertension - high blood pressure, caused by more resistance to the flow of blood Arteries are always under much higher blood pressure than veins ...
Circulatory System
... Location: near center of chest Composed of: muscle (myocardium) 4 chambers: 2 Atria, 2 Ventricles Contracts ~ 72 times a minute Pumps ~ 70 milliliters of blood with each contraction • During an average lifetime, the human heart will beat more than 2.5 billion times ...
... Location: near center of chest Composed of: muscle (myocardium) 4 chambers: 2 Atria, 2 Ventricles Contracts ~ 72 times a minute Pumps ~ 70 milliliters of blood with each contraction • During an average lifetime, the human heart will beat more than 2.5 billion times ...
The Circulatory System Class DataSheet
... The wall of the left ventricle is about three times thicker than that of the right ventricle. The left ventricle needs more cardiac muscle to give the blood a much stronger push, because oxygenated blood has to be driven a far greater distance. ...
... The wall of the left ventricle is about three times thicker than that of the right ventricle. The left ventricle needs more cardiac muscle to give the blood a much stronger push, because oxygenated blood has to be driven a far greater distance. ...
High Blood Pressure (Essential Hypertension)
... stroke. If you already have some complications, lowering your blood pressure may make their effects less severe. How can I take care of myself? Your treatment will be much more effective if you follow these guidelines: - Work with your healthcare provider to find what lifestyle changes and medicines ...
... stroke. If you already have some complications, lowering your blood pressure may make their effects less severe. How can I take care of myself? Your treatment will be much more effective if you follow these guidelines: - Work with your healthcare provider to find what lifestyle changes and medicines ...
Bradyarrhythmias Differential diagnosis of bradyarrhythmias First
... o Gradually increase until both electrical capture (QRS complex after each pacing stimulus) and mechanical capture (palpable pulse corresponding to each QRS complex) are achieved Once capture achieved, increase the ampage by 10mv to ensure capture. o This is only a temporary intervention an arrang ...
... o Gradually increase until both electrical capture (QRS complex after each pacing stimulus) and mechanical capture (palpable pulse corresponding to each QRS complex) are achieved Once capture achieved, increase the ampage by 10mv to ensure capture. o This is only a temporary intervention an arrang ...
Emergency-Bradyarrhythmias
... o Gradually increase until both electrical capture (QRS complex after each pacing stimulus) and mechanical capture (palpable pulse corresponding to each QRS complex) are achieved Once capture achieved, increase the ampage by 10mv to ensure capture. o This is only a temporary intervention an arrang ...
... o Gradually increase until both electrical capture (QRS complex after each pacing stimulus) and mechanical capture (palpable pulse corresponding to each QRS complex) are achieved Once capture achieved, increase the ampage by 10mv to ensure capture. o This is only a temporary intervention an arrang ...
Hart, Shelley, 2008. Cardiogenic Shock: can you keep the beat?
... ◦ Blood flow is blocked either by a clot or plaque in various degrees, so part of the artery is blocked or most of it is blocked ◦ ECG will show changes T wave inversion, ST segment elevation or abnormal Q wave ...
... ◦ Blood flow is blocked either by a clot or plaque in various degrees, so part of the artery is blocked or most of it is blocked ◦ ECG will show changes T wave inversion, ST segment elevation or abnormal Q wave ...
Training Effects
... This is where the heart gets bigger and stronger as there is an increase of ventricle size which allows them to fill with more blood during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle. This will result in bradycardia (decrease in resting heart rate) and an increase in stroke volume). Maximum Cardiac ...
... This is where the heart gets bigger and stronger as there is an increase of ventricle size which allows them to fill with more blood during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle. This will result in bradycardia (decrease in resting heart rate) and an increase in stroke volume). Maximum Cardiac ...
Patient Assessment
... Vital Signs Are Measured: – Upon admission – As often as required by the person’s condition – Before & after surgery and other procedures – After a fall or accident – When prescribed drugs that affect the respiratory or circulatory system – When there are complaints of pain, dizziness, shortness of ...
... Vital Signs Are Measured: – Upon admission – As often as required by the person’s condition – Before & after surgery and other procedures – After a fall or accident – When prescribed drugs that affect the respiratory or circulatory system – When there are complaints of pain, dizziness, shortness of ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.