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Ch 11- Cardiovascular System
Ch 11- Cardiovascular System

... Pressure in blood vessels decreases as the distance away from the heart increases Effects of Factors on Blood Pressure (Fig. 11.19) Neural factors Autonomic nervous system adjustments (sympathetic division) Renal factors Regulation by altering blood volume __________ – hormonal control Temperature H ...
The heart is a muscular organ responsible for pumping blood
The heart is a muscular organ responsible for pumping blood

... The heart is a muscular organ responsible for pumping blood through the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions, or a similar structure in the annelids, mollusks, and arthropods. The term cardiac (as in cardiology) means "related to the heart" and comes from the Greek καρδία, kardia, for "h ...
Name Date Class ______ Chapter 7 Test Multiple Choice: Place the
Name Date Class ______ Chapter 7 Test Multiple Choice: Place the

... ______ 1. The circulatory system includes the heart, A. air passages, and blood vessels B. blood, and blood vessels C. lungs, and air passages D. lungs, and blood vessels ______ 2. The respiratory system includes the A. blood vessels and air passages B. heart and lungs C. lungs and air passages D. l ...
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM The
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM The

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Chapter 20 – Transport Mechanisms
Chapter 20 – Transport Mechanisms

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PowerPoint
PowerPoint

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The distal port.
The distal port.

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PhysioEx cH 5-6
PhysioEx cH 5-6

... Skeletal muscle, on the other hand does require innervation for excitation of the muscle fiber and subsequent contraction. Cardiac muscle is also different from skeletal muscle in that it cannot develop summation and tetany. This is because the action potential of cardiac contractile cells takes pla ...
Nursing 201 Advanced Cardiac 2.0 Nursing assessment and
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Heart Flashcards

... it up? 47. What procedure can be done when a Coronary artery has become almost completely blocked from plaques and requires a vessel transplant? 48. What vessel is used for this procedure? 49. What is a sac-like outpouching of an artery? 50. What is the result if it is located in the brain, and rupt ...
Heart Flashcards
Heart Flashcards

... it up? 47. What procedure can be done when a Coronary artery has become almost completely blocked from plaques and requires a vessel transplant? 48. What vessel is used for this procedure? 49. What is a sac-like outpouching of an artery? 50. What is the result if it is located in the brain, and rupt ...
Pharmacology II Cardiac & Vascular
Pharmacology II Cardiac & Vascular

... Class III - Amiodarone Slow rate of phase 3 repolarization  Increase effective refractory period  Treat atrial & ventricular dysrhythmias  Has characteristics of all 4 classes  Blocks potassium channels  Vasodilatory action ...
Understanding Contractility: Cardiac Inotropy
Understanding Contractility: Cardiac Inotropy

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... blood keeping it flowing in the right direction • 4 Valves present in the human body • They are forced open the Atrium contractions • Forced closed by the Ventricle contractions • The opening and closing of these valves is responsible for the lub/dub sound you hear • Deficiencies with those valves r ...
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View Abstract
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... We evaluated 208 hydroxyurea naive consecutive SCD patients aged 10-52 years at steady state and 94 healthy non-matched controls who were studied in Nigeria in a cross-sectional manner. SCD patients were required to have electrophoretic and or liquid chromatography documentation of major sickling ph ...
Feline Cardiomyopathies: Treatment modalities - Acapulco-Vet
Feline Cardiomyopathies: Treatment modalities - Acapulco-Vet

... another diuretic should be added to the existing treatment. The author prefers to use the potassium sparing diuretic spironolactone (2-4 mg/kg PO q 24 hrs). Hyperkalaemia may result if ACE inhibitors or potassium supplements are concurrently administered and therefore serum potassium levels should b ...
Ch05 Cardiovascular Health
Ch05 Cardiovascular Health

... • Congestive heart failure is a condition resulting from the heart’s inability to pump out all the blood that returns to it • Blood backs up in the veins leading to the heart, causing an accumulation of fluid in various parts of the body • Caused by high blood pressure, heart attack, atherosclerosis ...
The coronary arteries supply heart muscle with
The coronary arteries supply heart muscle with

... A basic understanding is required, limited to the collection of blood by the atria, which is then pumped out by the ventricles into the arteries. The direction of flow is controlled by atrio-ventricular and semi-lunar valves. ...
The Cardiovascular System
The Cardiovascular System

...  Openings in walls vary from tissue to tissue  Smaller in muscles  Larger in endocrine glands, kidneys and small intestines ...
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Pediatric Cardiac Conditions

... Tires while eating Low weight for height Sweats while eating (diaphoretic) Cyanosis, worsens with feeding or activity level Irritable weak cry ...
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Blood vessel health - Mayo Clinic Health Letter
Blood vessel health - Mayo Clinic Health Letter

... ■ Maintaining a healthy weight — Excess weight can contribute to high cholesterol and triglycerides, high blood pressure, and diabetes. If you have diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol or high triglycerides — or a combination of any of these — work closely with your doctor. A managemen ...
Cardiomyopathy in pregnancy
Cardiomyopathy in pregnancy

... -Continuous hemodynamic and oxygenation monitoring -Central venous and arterial cannulation. -Pulmonary artery wedge catheter (high dose of multiple cardiac drug infusions). -Noninvasive ventilation with suitable positive end expiratory pressure (if oxygen by simple face mask fails to improve SpO 2 ...
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Antihypertensive drug



Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.
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