Diagnosis and Management of Common Types of
... same result, but generally should be avoided in older patients at higher risk of carotid artery atherosclerosis.22 Facial contact with cold water can also cause bradycardia and termination of SVT, a phenomenon known as the diving reflex. If nonpharmacologic maneuvers are ineffective, pharmacotherapy ...
... same result, but generally should be avoided in older patients at higher risk of carotid artery atherosclerosis.22 Facial contact with cold water can also cause bradycardia and termination of SVT, a phenomenon known as the diving reflex. If nonpharmacologic maneuvers are ineffective, pharmacotherapy ...
Effects of Stroke Volume and Velocity of Ejection on End
... decreased by about 10% when ejection velocity exceeded 200 ml/sec. Figure 2C shows that the end-systolic pressure changed little despite the shift of the onset of ejection over a wide range. Figure 3 is a representative plot of the end-systolic pressures against the three varied parameters under thr ...
... decreased by about 10% when ejection velocity exceeded 200 ml/sec. Figure 2C shows that the end-systolic pressure changed little despite the shift of the onset of ejection over a wide range. Figure 3 is a representative plot of the end-systolic pressures against the three varied parameters under thr ...
Resting Heart Rate and the Risk of Heart Failure in Healthy Adults
... 9.9 per 1,000 person-years. In women, crude incidence rates of heart failure were similar across heart rate categories, except when heart rate was measured with ECG (Figure). Accordingly, there were remarkable differences in adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) between men and women. The multiplicative inte ...
... 9.9 per 1,000 person-years. In women, crude incidence rates of heart failure were similar across heart rate categories, except when heart rate was measured with ECG (Figure). Accordingly, there were remarkable differences in adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) between men and women. The multiplicative inte ...
When to implant an ICD and which one
... 1. ICD recommendations are combined into a single list because of overlap between primary and secondary indications. 2. Primary prevention ICD indications in nonischemic cardiomyopathy are clarified using data from SCD-HeFT (i.e., ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathies and LVEF ≤35%, NYHA II-III) ...
... 1. ICD recommendations are combined into a single list because of overlap between primary and secondary indications. 2. Primary prevention ICD indications in nonischemic cardiomyopathy are clarified using data from SCD-HeFT (i.e., ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathies and LVEF ≤35%, NYHA II-III) ...
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: chronic low
... Despite having preserved systolic function at rest, these patients display reduced cardiac functional reserve and morbidity and mortality rates similar to values observed in HF patients with reduced systolic function (4, 47, 55). Recent evidence indicates patients diagnosed with HFpEF are a heteroge ...
... Despite having preserved systolic function at rest, these patients display reduced cardiac functional reserve and morbidity and mortality rates similar to values observed in HF patients with reduced systolic function (4, 47, 55). Recent evidence indicates patients diagnosed with HFpEF are a heteroge ...
2016 report on the health of canadians
... Heart failure has many causes or underlying risk factors. The most common is damage to the heart muscle caused by a heart attack and the second most common cause is high blood pressure. Heart failure is not an event; it is a long-term chronic condition that usually gets worse over time. There is cur ...
... Heart failure has many causes or underlying risk factors. The most common is damage to the heart muscle caused by a heart attack and the second most common cause is high blood pressure. Heart failure is not an event; it is a long-term chronic condition that usually gets worse over time. There is cur ...
dbl dobutamine hydrochloride injection
... and its actions are not dependent on norepinephrine stores in the heart. In animal studies, dobutamine hydrochloride produces less increase in heart rate and less decrease in peripheral vascular resistance for a given inotropic effect than does isoproterenol. In humans, dobutamine hydrochloride incr ...
... and its actions are not dependent on norepinephrine stores in the heart. In animal studies, dobutamine hydrochloride produces less increase in heart rate and less decrease in peripheral vascular resistance for a given inotropic effect than does isoproterenol. In humans, dobutamine hydrochloride incr ...
Epidemic of coronary heart disease and its treatment in Australia
... makers on the importance of the disease, the large scope for prevention, patterns in treatment and care, and economic aspects. This report aims to help achieve this, as the first Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) report focusing exclusively on the national epidemic of coronary heart ...
... makers on the importance of the disease, the large scope for prevention, patterns in treatment and care, and economic aspects. This report aims to help achieve this, as the first Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) report focusing exclusively on the national epidemic of coronary heart ...
effect of oral clonidine premedication on intravenous anaesthetics
... ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES: To study the effect of oral clonidine premedication on the induction doses of intravenous thiopentone sodium and propofol. METHODS: After ethical committee approval and informed consent, 120 ASA grade I and II patients were randomly allocated to four groups of 30 each. Group A ...
... ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES: To study the effect of oral clonidine premedication on the induction doses of intravenous thiopentone sodium and propofol. METHODS: After ethical committee approval and informed consent, 120 ASA grade I and II patients were randomly allocated to four groups of 30 each. Group A ...
Reverse takotsubo cardiomyopathy with use of
... in some patients undergoing angiography (6). Molecular studies have revealed that high doses of epinephrine are directly toxic to the cells, causing a rise in adenosine 3’,5’-cyclic monophosphate and calcium levels that then trigger the formation of free oxygen radicals, the initiation of expression ...
... in some patients undergoing angiography (6). Molecular studies have revealed that high doses of epinephrine are directly toxic to the cells, causing a rise in adenosine 3’,5’-cyclic monophosphate and calcium levels that then trigger the formation of free oxygen radicals, the initiation of expression ...
Water and sodium regulation in chronic heart failure: the role of
... reduction in plasma sodium concentration [14]. However, drugs that reduce plasma catecholamine levels are not necessarily associated with an improved prognosis, suggesting that the mechanisms involved in blunting the effects of the sympathetic nervous system are much more complex [15]. This may resu ...
... reduction in plasma sodium concentration [14]. However, drugs that reduce plasma catecholamine levels are not necessarily associated with an improved prognosis, suggesting that the mechanisms involved in blunting the effects of the sympathetic nervous system are much more complex [15]. This may resu ...
Prescribing an Exercise Program for the Older Adult
... activity and mortality has been identified. Physical activity initiated in late life continues to improve mortality, having a strong effect on longevity, even when accounting for factors such as smoking, hypertension, family history and weight gain. ...
... activity and mortality has been identified. Physical activity initiated in late life continues to improve mortality, having a strong effect on longevity, even when accounting for factors such as smoking, hypertension, family history and weight gain. ...
About Myths and Facts in the Cardiovascular System of the Giraffe
... The present thesis is based on experimental studies carried out as a part of the Danish Cardiovascular Giraffe Research program (DaGiR). The project is a joint international study involving scientists from health science, biology, engineering, veterinary medicine and also laboratory staff, animal ke ...
... The present thesis is based on experimental studies carried out as a part of the Danish Cardiovascular Giraffe Research program (DaGiR). The project is a joint international study involving scientists from health science, biology, engineering, veterinary medicine and also laboratory staff, animal ke ...
Intracardiac flow separation in Python
... circulations. The ventricle is not fully divided, but is Furthermore, systemic flow could be generated against a compartmentalised into two chambers (cavum dorsale and higher outflow pressure than pulmonary flow. Perfusate cavum pulmonale) by a muscular ridge that runs from the entering the right at ...
... circulations. The ventricle is not fully divided, but is Furthermore, systemic flow could be generated against a compartmentalised into two chambers (cavum dorsale and higher outflow pressure than pulmonary flow. Perfusate cavum pulmonale) by a muscular ridge that runs from the entering the right at ...
Heart Disease and Stroke
... effective medicines to control both blood pressure and cholesterol, according to officials at the NHLBI. In addition, treatment of heart attacks has vastly improved. Twenty-five years ago, the treatment for heart attacks was simply bed rest. Today, doctors have medicines that can stop a heart attack ...
... effective medicines to control both blood pressure and cholesterol, according to officials at the NHLBI. In addition, treatment of heart attacks has vastly improved. Twenty-five years ago, the treatment for heart attacks was simply bed rest. Today, doctors have medicines that can stop a heart attack ...
Nonsurgical Closure of Oversized Patent Ductus
... with the walls of the pulmonary artery, and consequently, prevented the plug from sliding back into the aorta (fig. 7). The guide wire was removed toward the venous side. The locking cannula was separated from the aortic latch in the final phase of the closing procedure. The plug has then been mecha ...
... with the walls of the pulmonary artery, and consequently, prevented the plug from sliding back into the aorta (fig. 7). The guide wire was removed toward the venous side. The locking cannula was separated from the aortic latch in the final phase of the closing procedure. The plug has then been mecha ...
Carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum, physiologic changes and
... concentration during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which was not seen in open cholecystectomy. The exact mechanism of renal blood flow disturbance by pneumoperitoneum is still to be concluded, although volume status may play a major role. Renal blood flow has been measured during increasing IAP, and ...
... concentration during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which was not seen in open cholecystectomy. The exact mechanism of renal blood flow disturbance by pneumoperitoneum is still to be concluded, although volume status may play a major role. Renal blood flow has been measured during increasing IAP, and ...
The concentration of oxygen, lactate and glucose in the central
... the SVC and IVC were both greater than the respective pulmonary artery values. Therefore, it would be physically impossible for the mixing of SVC and IVC blood streams to produce pulmonary artery blood of lesser SO2 and [Lac]. The numerical average of IVC and SVC SO2 (mean SO2 = [IVC SO2 + SVC SO2]/ ...
... the SVC and IVC were both greater than the respective pulmonary artery values. Therefore, it would be physically impossible for the mixing of SVC and IVC blood streams to produce pulmonary artery blood of lesser SO2 and [Lac]. The numerical average of IVC and SVC SO2 (mean SO2 = [IVC SO2 + SVC SO2]/ ...
Statement on cardiopulmonary exercise testing in chronic heart
... the pulmonary, cardiovascular, haematopoietic, neuropsychological, and skeletal muscle systems. This information cannot be obtained through investigation of the individual organ systems in isolation. The non-invasive, dynamic physiological overview permits the evaluation of both submaximal and peak ...
... the pulmonary, cardiovascular, haematopoietic, neuropsychological, and skeletal muscle systems. This information cannot be obtained through investigation of the individual organ systems in isolation. The non-invasive, dynamic physiological overview permits the evaluation of both submaximal and peak ...
Pathogenesis of ventricular hypertrophy
... Important stimuli of cardiac hypertrophy include increased systolic force or tension generated by the myocardial fibers (pressure overload), increased end-diastolic wall stress (volume overload) and neurohumoral factors such as increased circulating catecholamines or discharge of cardiac sympathetic ...
... Important stimuli of cardiac hypertrophy include increased systolic force or tension generated by the myocardial fibers (pressure overload), increased end-diastolic wall stress (volume overload) and neurohumoral factors such as increased circulating catecholamines or discharge of cardiac sympathetic ...
Print - Circulation
... may be inaccurate and can produce serious errors. Esophageal pressure has been used as an estimate of pericardial pressure. However, Fewell et al.8 showed that pericardial pressure was significantly different from esophageal pressure. Fluid-filled catheters have been used to directly measure pericar ...
... may be inaccurate and can produce serious errors. Esophageal pressure has been used as an estimate of pericardial pressure. However, Fewell et al.8 showed that pericardial pressure was significantly different from esophageal pressure. Fluid-filled catheters have been used to directly measure pericar ...
clinical usefulness of b-type natriuretic peptide - Heart
... angiotensin–aldosterone system, diuresis and natriuresis are also mechanisms related to the decrease in preload. ANP and BNP lead to a reduction of sympathetic tone through suppression of central sympathetic outflow, dampening of baroreceptors, and suppression of catecholamines from autonomic nerve ...
... angiotensin–aldosterone system, diuresis and natriuresis are also mechanisms related to the decrease in preload. ANP and BNP lead to a reduction of sympathetic tone through suppression of central sympathetic outflow, dampening of baroreceptors, and suppression of catecholamines from autonomic nerve ...
Metabolic aspects of cardiac arrhythmias
... there are ion channels linking the cytoplasm of one cell to that of other neighboring cells. These channels are called gap junctions and they make the depolarization currents move faster over a large area of myocardium, hence promoting almost simultaneous contraction of a large area of myocardium. T ...
... there are ion channels linking the cytoplasm of one cell to that of other neighboring cells. These channels are called gap junctions and they make the depolarization currents move faster over a large area of myocardium, hence promoting almost simultaneous contraction of a large area of myocardium. T ...
Myocardial bridges and left coronary artery trifurcation: a case report
... congenital and symptoms related to them in childhood are rare, and chronobiological extrinsic factors should influence the progression or not this entity. Furthermore, the appearance of symptoms and signs in patients who were asymptomatic can be explained by anatomical and functional changes in coro ...
... congenital and symptoms related to them in childhood are rare, and chronobiological extrinsic factors should influence the progression or not this entity. Furthermore, the appearance of symptoms and signs in patients who were asymptomatic can be explained by anatomical and functional changes in coro ...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in heart failure: accurate
... conducted in patients with stable HFrEF, i.v. infusion of ∼1 L of saline over 30 min resulted in a decreased FEV1 and FEV1 /VC ratio, without a substantial change in VC, while the same procedure in healthy subjects did not result in substantial changes in any of these three measurements.33 Saline in ...
... conducted in patients with stable HFrEF, i.v. infusion of ∼1 L of saline over 30 min resulted in a decreased FEV1 and FEV1 /VC ratio, without a substantial change in VC, while the same procedure in healthy subjects did not result in substantial changes in any of these three measurements.33 Saline in ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.