ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE STUDY GUIDE
... coronary artery disease (CAD): 1. Angina pectoris- Covered well in handout. Keep in mind, the heart injury seen in AP is reversible, i.e. the injured area is NOT necrotic. Once you rest, the area returns to normal health. Unstable angina refers to a change in a patient’s angina “pattern”. E.g. For a ...
... coronary artery disease (CAD): 1. Angina pectoris- Covered well in handout. Keep in mind, the heart injury seen in AP is reversible, i.e. the injured area is NOT necrotic. Once you rest, the area returns to normal health. Unstable angina refers to a change in a patient’s angina “pattern”. E.g. For a ...
What is Atrial Fibrillation?
... controlling symptoms. In order to prevent strokes a blood thinner is ordered. In low risk patients, aspirin is usually enough. However, in many cases, the risks of stroke are higher, especially if there are risk factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, heart failure, advanced age etc. and a st ...
... controlling symptoms. In order to prevent strokes a blood thinner is ordered. In low risk patients, aspirin is usually enough. However, in many cases, the risks of stroke are higher, especially if there are risk factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, heart failure, advanced age etc. and a st ...
No Slide Title
... Cardiac Valve Disorders Disorders of the cardiac valves can have several effects on the heart. Incompetent valves means valves leak allowing some blood to flow back into the chamber from which it came Stenosed valves are valves that are narrower than normal, slowing blood flow from the heart ch ...
... Cardiac Valve Disorders Disorders of the cardiac valves can have several effects on the heart. Incompetent valves means valves leak allowing some blood to flow back into the chamber from which it came Stenosed valves are valves that are narrower than normal, slowing blood flow from the heart ch ...
Case Study Heart Disease
... A Myocardial infarction is the proper medical term for a heart attack. In Myocardial infarction some of the muscle cells die from lack of air and other nutrients. This causes the coronary artery to close and cutting off the hearts supply of blood. Most of the time this is caused by hardening of the ...
... A Myocardial infarction is the proper medical term for a heart attack. In Myocardial infarction some of the muscle cells die from lack of air and other nutrients. This causes the coronary artery to close and cutting off the hearts supply of blood. Most of the time this is caused by hardening of the ...
PowerPoint 演示文稿
... (0 to 120 mmHg) into much smaller pressure fluctuations in the arteries (80 to 120 mmHg). Convert the intermittent ventricular ejection into continuous blood blood in the vessels This function of large arteries is known as Windkessel effect. ...
... (0 to 120 mmHg) into much smaller pressure fluctuations in the arteries (80 to 120 mmHg). Convert the intermittent ventricular ejection into continuous blood blood in the vessels This function of large arteries is known as Windkessel effect. ...
The Cardiovascular System
... 1 To pump blood rich in oxygen from the lungs and into the blood vessels where it is carried to all the body tissues. 2 To collect blood low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide, from the blood vessels and pump it into the lungs (the pulmonary system) where the carbon dioxide is released and fresh o ...
... 1 To pump blood rich in oxygen from the lungs and into the blood vessels where it is carried to all the body tissues. 2 To collect blood low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide, from the blood vessels and pump it into the lungs (the pulmonary system) where the carbon dioxide is released and fresh o ...
pulmonic_stenosis
... at some point in the area through which blood flows out of the right ventricle, through the pulmonary valve, and into the main pulmonary artery (main artery of the lungs); this area is known as the “right ventricular outflow tract”; the narrowing blocks or obstructs the flow of blood from the right ...
... at some point in the area through which blood flows out of the right ventricle, through the pulmonary valve, and into the main pulmonary artery (main artery of the lungs); this area is known as the “right ventricular outflow tract”; the narrowing blocks or obstructs the flow of blood from the right ...
disorder - WordPress.com
... with other disorders that also cause LV enlargement and reduced EF (eg, myocardial infarction, intrinsic cardiomyopathy) may generate insufficient flow to fully open a sclerotic valve and have an apparently small valve area even when their AS is not particularly severe (pseudosevere AS). Pseudosever ...
... with other disorders that also cause LV enlargement and reduced EF (eg, myocardial infarction, intrinsic cardiomyopathy) may generate insufficient flow to fully open a sclerotic valve and have an apparently small valve area even when their AS is not particularly severe (pseudosevere AS). Pseudosever ...
Case 1205: Penetrating chest Injury Authors and Affiliations
... level of the erytenoids. Even perforations of the trachea and oesophagus have been known to occur, and tracheostomy would reduce the likelihood of these complications but also reduce the respiratory †˜ dead space†™. In this patient the issue of prolonged ventilation and tracheal intubation did n ...
... level of the erytenoids. Even perforations of the trachea and oesophagus have been known to occur, and tracheostomy would reduce the likelihood of these complications but also reduce the respiratory †˜ dead space†™. In this patient the issue of prolonged ventilation and tracheal intubation did n ...
Circulation and Atherosclerosis
... • Blood returns to the heart through the superior vena cava (blood from head, neck, and forelimbs) and inferior vena cava (blood from trunk and hind limbs) • The superior vena cava and inferior vena cava flow into the ...
... • Blood returns to the heart through the superior vena cava (blood from head, neck, and forelimbs) and inferior vena cava (blood from trunk and hind limbs) • The superior vena cava and inferior vena cava flow into the ...
Duke Clinical Research Institute
... Sites enter data via secure Internet website Patient risk factors/presenting symptoms Use of medications/use of invasive procedures In-hospital clinical outcomes ...
... Sites enter data via secure Internet website Patient risk factors/presenting symptoms Use of medications/use of invasive procedures In-hospital clinical outcomes ...
Cardiovascular Notes
... – Results from closure of aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves at beginning of ventricular diastole, lasts longer ...
... – Results from closure of aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves at beginning of ventricular diastole, lasts longer ...
Unit G. Circulatory System
... A. both the atria and ventricles are relaxing. B. both the atria and ventricles are contracting. C. the atria are contracting and the ventricles are relaxing. D. the atria are relaxing and the ventricles are contracting. ...
... A. both the atria and ventricles are relaxing. B. both the atria and ventricles are contracting. C. the atria are contracting and the ventricles are relaxing. D. the atria are relaxing and the ventricles are contracting. ...
calcium channel blockers
... • May be useful in maternal and fetal tachydysrhythmias as well as premature labor, however • It may decrease uterine placental blood flow, use caution • Negative inotrope and chronotrope effects may be enhanced with in beta antagonist ...
... • May be useful in maternal and fetal tachydysrhythmias as well as premature labor, however • It may decrease uterine placental blood flow, use caution • Negative inotrope and chronotrope effects may be enhanced with in beta antagonist ...
The Heart Functions as a Pump. How do we measure the electrical
... Not Steep: Cells depolarize slowly take more time to reach threshold for voltage gated Na+ channels to open Slow Heart Rate Absolute refractory period determines rate of depolarization by determining time the cell must wait until it can be depolarized again Myocytes and Timing: Why a delay in the ...
... Not Steep: Cells depolarize slowly take more time to reach threshold for voltage gated Na+ channels to open Slow Heart Rate Absolute refractory period determines rate of depolarization by determining time the cell must wait until it can be depolarized again Myocytes and Timing: Why a delay in the ...
Mechanisms of Heart Failure
... Definition of heart failure "Heart failure occurs when an abnormality of cardiac function causes the heart to fail to pump blood at a rate required by the metabolizing tissues or when the heart can do so only with an elevated filling pressure. The heart's inability to pump a sufficient amount of bl ...
... Definition of heart failure "Heart failure occurs when an abnormality of cardiac function causes the heart to fail to pump blood at a rate required by the metabolizing tissues or when the heart can do so only with an elevated filling pressure. The heart's inability to pump a sufficient amount of bl ...
The Heart Is a Pump
... Look across the chart below from left to right, and note that you are squeezing your right hand before your left. Try to exert more force with the left hand, but keep the same pattern. Sound out the sequence as you do it, and see if you can get a regular rhythm. ...
... Look across the chart below from left to right, and note that you are squeezing your right hand before your left. Try to exert more force with the left hand, but keep the same pattern. Sound out the sequence as you do it, and see if you can get a regular rhythm. ...
Heart Pump Therapy – For Patients
... survive until a donor heart becomes available, a VAD may be used to allow the heart to be supported until a suitable donor can be found. Because of a shortage of donor organs in the United States many patients wait months to years before an appropriate organ is located. During this time the VAD allo ...
... survive until a donor heart becomes available, a VAD may be used to allow the heart to be supported until a suitable donor can be found. Because of a shortage of donor organs in the United States many patients wait months to years before an appropriate organ is located. During this time the VAD allo ...
Cardiovascular Physiology
... Cardiac Physiology Blood Flow & Blood Pressure Controls • The controls of vessel diameter are both local and systemic – Enables tissues to control their own blood flow – Local controlling mechanisms include • Myogenic response by smooth muscle of arterioles – Increased stretch due to increasing blo ...
... Cardiac Physiology Blood Flow & Blood Pressure Controls • The controls of vessel diameter are both local and systemic – Enables tissues to control their own blood flow – Local controlling mechanisms include • Myogenic response by smooth muscle of arterioles – Increased stretch due to increasing blo ...
Moderator Notes - Engaging Students
... The facts gained in the general understandings of the circulatory system can be done in a variety of ways, including teacher directed, student directed (self or group research), or any other ways the teacher deems appropriate. ...
... The facts gained in the general understandings of the circulatory system can be done in a variety of ways, including teacher directed, student directed (self or group research), or any other ways the teacher deems appropriate. ...
Sheep Heart Dissection - Mrs. Brenner`s Biology
... wall of the right atrium and ventricle, as shown by the arrow in the external heart picture. Pull the two sides apart and look for three flaps of membrane. These membranes form the tricuspid valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle. 2. The valves are connected to the papillary muscles ...
... wall of the right atrium and ventricle, as shown by the arrow in the external heart picture. Pull the two sides apart and look for three flaps of membrane. These membranes form the tricuspid valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle. 2. The valves are connected to the papillary muscles ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.