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CYCLE III:
CYCLE III:

... 7. Non-eicosanoids (endothelin, EDRF =NO). 8. Effects of hormones on cardiovascular system: Catecholamines. Renin-angiotensin-aldosteron system. Vasopressin. Natriuretic peptides. Thyroid gland hormones. Credit of the cycle 3. Topic discussed on seminars XI-XV and units 1-6. ...
Leading Innovation in Transcatheter Mitral Valve Therapy
Leading Innovation in Transcatheter Mitral Valve Therapy

... other therapeutic option. No mortality benefit following MitraClip therapy has been demonstrated. • The heart team should include a cardiac surgeon experienced in mitral valve surgery and a cardiologist experienced in mitral valve disease and may also include appropriate physicians to assess the ade ...
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia

... Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is a rare type of cardiomyopathy. It occurs if the muscle tissue in the right ventricle dies and is replaced with scar tissue. This disrupts the heart's electrical signals and causes arrhythmias. Symptoms include palpitations and fainting after physi ...
Vitals and History Taking
Vitals and History Taking

... Size using guides on cuff Position on upper arm hoses pointing down Inflate 30mmHg past pulse (no greater than 180mmHg) Position stethoscope over brachial artery Deflate Note first sound and last sound Record as systolic/diastolic (140/80) Pay attention to SAFETY on pg. 331…read and record in your n ...
Full text
Full text

... many patients were asymptomatic because of false positive diagnosis and therefore were not in need of chest X-ray examination. However, GPs may also have difficulties in the interpretation of chest X-ray findings in regard to HF, which may contribute to the frequency of chest X-ray examinations. In ...
CARDIAC RISK ASSESSMENT FOR NONCARDIAC SURGERY
CARDIAC RISK ASSESSMENT FOR NONCARDIAC SURGERY

... stress test ? OR change in symptoms ...
ABS HF CTR presentation 1
ABS HF CTR presentation 1

... • New ECG abnormalities (either ST-segment ...
EUROASPIRE IV: A European Society of Cardiology
EUROASPIRE IV: A European Society of Cardiology

... everyday clinical practice of secondary prevention and to describe the lifestyle, risk factor and therapeutic management of coronary patients across Europe. Methods and results: EUROASPIRE IV was a cross-sectional study undertaken at 78 centres from 24 European countries. Patients <80 years with cor ...
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

... • When the work requirements of the right ventricle exceed its capacity (the degree of pulmonary artery obstruction exceeds 50% to 60% )right ventricular failure occurs, leading to a decrease in cardiac output followed by a decrease in systemic blood pressure and the development of ...
Aortic Dissection - Vascular Disease
Aortic Dissection - Vascular Disease

... with a CAT scan of the aorta or an MRI scan. A transesophageal echo (TEE) may also be performed. A TEE is a special type of ultrasound test during which a small ultrasound probe is passed through the mouth and into the stomach and esophagus to take very detailed pictures of the heart and aorta. Curr ...
The Failing Diabetic Heart: Focus on Diastolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction
The Failing Diabetic Heart: Focus on Diastolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction

... shown to significantly contribute to the high LV diastolic stiffness observed in HFNEF patients [30,31•]. In vitro–determined CM Fpassive correlated with LV diastolic stiffness, LV end-diastolic wall stress, and LV end-diastolic pressure [30,31•]. In these studies, Fpassive was determined in skinned ...
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: A REVIEW OF RISK FACTORS
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: A REVIEW OF RISK FACTORS

... infarction, but of the degree of CAD as well. On multiple regression analysis, none of these risk factors was associated with degree of CAD. Three other variables (age, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and free testosterone, often show an independent association with degree of CAD. These variabl ...
[Recovered] @2 (vishdess1-PC`s conflicted copy
[Recovered] @2 (vishdess1-PC`s conflicted copy

... each ventricle and equals the product of heart rate and stroke volume • Heart rate is  by stimulation of the sympathetic nerves to the heart (NE) and by epinephrine (E); it is  by stimulation of the parasympathetic nerves to the heart • Stroke volume is increased mainly by an  in enddiastolic vol ...
Hemodynamic Support for PCI - Cardiac Interventions Today
Hemodynamic Support for PCI - Cardiac Interventions Today

... (including chronically occluded coronary arteries). These patients also often have depressed left ventricular function, as well as additional clinical comorbidities such as advancing age, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, and chronic kidney disease that increase the risk of a PCI procedure as w ...
Drug Interactions and Adverse Drug Reactions in Hospitalized
Drug Interactions and Adverse Drug Reactions in Hospitalized

... Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) study showed that OLZ was associated with greater increases in weight gain and measures of glucose and lipids (Schneider et al., 2003). Growing evidence indicates a lower likelihood of metabolic and diabetes-related adverse events with the newer atypical ...
Development of Cardiovascular System
Development of Cardiovascular System

... Small portion of blood remains in RA and mix with de-O2 blood returning fm head & arms fm SVC.  In L atrium, where RA blood mix with de-O2 blood fm lung, blood enter the LV and ascending aorta. In this way, heart and head are supplied with well-oxygenated blood since the coronary & carotid arteries ...
A noninvasive algorithm to exclude pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension
A noninvasive algorithm to exclude pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension

... ABSTRACT: Current guidelines recommend right heart catheterisation (RHC) in symptomatic patients at risk of pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) with echocardiographic systolic pulmonary artery pressures o36 mmHg. Growing awareness for PH, a high prevalence of postcapillary PH and the inability ...
Modern Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVAD) : An Intro
Modern Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVAD) : An Intro

... body, except the percutanous lead that exits the body in the lower ...
Low Risk PARTNER 3
Low Risk PARTNER 3

... 1 Comparison of the effectiveness of TAVI in patients with STENOTIC bicuspid Versus Tricuspid valves –German TAVI registry – Bauer , Linke et al 2 Frequency by Decades of Unicuspid, Bicuspid, and Tricuspid Aortic Valves in Adults Having Isolated Aortic Valve Replacement for Aortic Stenosis, With or ...
ICDs: What We Have Learned and Current Guidelines
ICDs: What We Have Learned and Current Guidelines

... Months of Follow-Up ...
Amyloidosis and the Heart
Amyloidosis and the Heart

... Doctors may prescribe diuretics (water tablets) which help the body to clear excess salt and water via the urine. Taking these drugs is not a substitute for avoidance of excessive dietary salt and water. If patients consume too much salt and drink too much fluid, the benefits of diuretics may be los ...
Beat-to-beat analysis of pressure wave morphology for pre
Beat-to-beat analysis of pressure wave morphology for pre

... Doppler echocardiography, complete neurologic examination, and serum blood tests (glucose, creatinine, electrolytes, aminotransferase, ethanol, thyroid hormones, cortisol and aldosterone, platelet count, hematocrit, red blood cell count, white cell count), to exclude secondary causes of orthostatic ...
Ch 12 Heart Practice Test - Belle Vernon Area School District
Ch 12 Heart Practice Test - Belle Vernon Area School District

... A. the volume of blood pumped by either ventricle during one second. B. the stroke volume times the number of beats per hour. C. the volume of blood in the body times the number of beats per minute. D. the stroke volume times the beats per minute. E. the volume of blood in the body divided by the st ...
PHYSICIAN ORDERS
PHYSICIAN ORDERS

...  Cases of QTc prolongation and/or torsades de pointes have been reported in patients receiving droperidol (Inapsine) at doses at or below recommended doses. Some cases have occurred in patients with no known risk factors for QTc prolongation and some cases have been fatal. ...
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia Overview
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia Overview

... and endurance sports. Think pack years of smoking. Take beta blockers. Take ACE inhibitors, especially if significant disease. Consider taking antiarrhythmic medications if recurrent sustained VT or symptomatic nonsustained VT (sotolol, flecainide, tikosyn, amiodarone) Consider catheter ablation if ...
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Antihypertensive drug



Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.
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