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Randomized, double blind study of non
Randomized, double blind study of non

... original place of publication with correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected]. ...
Evaluation of heart function with impedance cardiography in acute
Evaluation of heart function with impedance cardiography in acute

... Abstract: To evaluate the capability of impedance cardiography (ICG) in reflecting the cardiac functions of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Methods: 99 inpatients with initial AMI were recruited. Venous blood was obtained for detection of N-terminal brain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro ...
ASSOCIATION OF SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION WITH LEFT
ASSOCIATION OF SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION WITH LEFT

... diastolic function and global longitudinal strain independently of afterload and the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy is evident since the very beginning of hypertension (21). The presence of the clinical syndrome of heart failure beyond that systolic function is preserved or not, seems to be ...
Have Your Heart in the Right Place
Have Your Heart in the Right Place

... and processed foods can have serious effects on the mother and on their child as well (Newell). A high diet in fat especially from fats and Trans fats can cause heart problems. These processed and canned foods have good and bad cholesterol in them (Newell). LDL cholesterol can cause plaque buildup i ...
Anesthesia and Pulmonary Hypertension
Anesthesia and Pulmonary Hypertension

... in patients with PAH. 22 WHO clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension Table 2 outlines the updated World Health Organization (WHO) clinical classification of PH from the Dana Point meeting in 2008. 23 It is important to note that WHO Group 2 PH from LHF is managed very differently than PAH a ...
Table of Contents for Year Two Physical Diagnosis Section
Table of Contents for Year Two Physical Diagnosis Section

... i. Measuring the blood pressure in infants and children is often omitted because it has erroneously been judged to be too difficult to do with an active child. When the procedure is explained and demonstrated before hand, however, most children 3 years of age and older are fascinated by sphygmomanom ...
Prognostic importance of serum sodium concentration and its
Prognostic importance of serum sodium concentration and its

... occurred. If no drug proved valuable during the course of multiple evaluations, patients were generally continued on treatment with the vasodilator agent that had been most recently used, if it had been well tolerated. By following such a protocol, we were able to arrive at a single vasodilator drug ...
patient clinical summary
patient clinical summary

... which may require a tube to be inserted into the chest to re-inflate the lung, a blood clot in the subclavian vein) § No pacing lead complications (lead moving from original place in the heart, lead breaking, lead infections, lead not being connected to the device the right way) ...
arterial stiffness and coronary artery disease
arterial stiffness and coronary artery disease

... Therefore, PWV can be determined by dividing distance with transit time of pressure waveforms at the two recording sites.12 PWV is inversely correlated with arterial compliance; it is faster in a more stiffened artery. According to arteries measured, there are several types of PWV. Carotid-femoral P ...
cardiology patient page cardiology patient page
cardiology patient page cardiology patient page

... Correspondence to Suzanna Phelps-Fredette, American Heart Association, 7272 Greenville Ave, Dallas, TX 75231. E-mail [email protected] ...
Ventricles - science-b
Ventricles - science-b

...  Blood flows from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart  Blood is pumped out of right side through the pulmonary trunk, which splits into pulmonary arteries and takes oxygen-poor blood to lungs  Oxygen-rich blood returns to the heart from the lungs via pu ...
coronary heart disease in clinical practice Joint British
coronary heart disease in clinical practice Joint British

... (b) Patients with other major atherosclerotic disease (2) Individuals with hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, family history of premature CHD, or a combination of these risk factors, which puts them at high risk of developing CHD or other atherosclerotic disease. Patients with diabetes ...
Atrial Fibrillation Answers: A Patient Education
Atrial Fibrillation Answers: A Patient Education

... Common AF symptoms include: pounding heart ...
Neural and Neurosecretory Control of the Decapod Crustacean
Neural and Neurosecretory Control of the Decapod Crustacean

... 5-Hydroxytryptamine (10"x M) introduced into the perfusate in the same manner produced a short duration increased firing without pronounced bursting tendencies. The response to dopamine (10"" M) was extremely variable, with inhibition of ongoing firing sometimes occurring. The effects of octopamine ...
Effect of ivabradine on recurrent hospitalization for worsening heart
Effect of ivabradine on recurrent hospitalization for worsening heart

... participants were expected to receive evidence-based medication for HF at recommended doses if tolerated according to guidelines in force when the study was set up.13 When a participant was not specifically prescribed a b-blocker or was not on the guidelinerecommended target dose, the investigator w ...
A novel treatment strategy of new onset atrial fibrillation after cardiac
A novel treatment strategy of new onset atrial fibrillation after cardiac

... Postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common complication after cardiac surgery, which occurs in up to 74% of patients who underwent on-pump and off-pump procedures [1,2]. Furthermore, it may contribute to longer hospital stays which can be associated with deterioration in heart failure ...
Clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of patients with
Clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of patients with

... center and had no significant effect on outcome, both in-hospital and during 1 year after discharge. Interestingly, patients from the IASHF group died earlier after discharge compared to those from the NISHF group, as revealed in the Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Results of studies completed over s ...
POSITIVE INOTROPIC ACTVITY OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF PERICARP OF PUNICA
POSITIVE INOTROPIC ACTVITY OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF PERICARP OF PUNICA

... Congestive heart failure (CHF) is one of the leading causes of death in the Western world4, 5. The prevalence of CHF in developed countries is 1%-2% of the adult population overall, and approximately 6%-10% in the elderly6, 7. It is now the leading cause of hospitalization in the population older th ...
The Effect of Immersion Hypothermia on Coronary Blood Flow
The Effect of Immersion Hypothermia on Coronary Blood Flow

Effects of Alcohol Restriction on Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Heart
Effects of Alcohol Restriction on Ambulatory Blood Pressure, Heart

... he relationship between high alcohol intake (typically three or more drinks per day) and elevated blood pressure (BP) has been reported in a large number of observational studies.1,2 A few trials have also demonstrated that reductions in alcohol intake among heavy drinkers can lower BP in normotensi ...
6 - Venous Function
6 - Venous Function

... I think it goes without saying that the CVP is a less useful measure of volume status (fluid responsiveness) because of the many factors that influence it. Abdominal pressure  Pump function  Pericardial pressure  Thoracic pressure ...
Patient information sheet – Ablation of atrial fibrillation (pulmonary
Patient information sheet – Ablation of atrial fibrillation (pulmonary

... What is the potential outcome/benefit of ablation of atrial fibrillation? The majority of patients obtain an improvement in their symptoms following the ablation. This occurs in approximately 70% of patients following the first procedure. In approximately 30-40% of patients repeat procedures are req ...
Intracardiac Lateral Tunnel Fontan by using Right Atrial Wall
Intracardiac Lateral Tunnel Fontan by using Right Atrial Wall

... especially if the connection of the IVC to pulmonary arteries involved an Intracardiac baffle (instead of an extracardiac conduit). This sometimes requires treatment such as radiofrequency ablation. Other long-term risks include protein-losing enteropathy and chronic renal insufficiency, although un ...
Cardiovascular disease and its relationship with chronic kidney disease
Cardiovascular disease and its relationship with chronic kidney disease

... Nonhemodynamic factors such as hyperphosphatemia, which is associated with high blood pressure36, increased LV mass37 and diastolic dysfunction38 also contribute to the development of LVH and cardiomyopathy in CKD patients31. Angiotensin II accumulation in the heart can promote myocyte hypertrophy, ...
Methodology of monitoring cardiovascular regulation
Methodology of monitoring cardiovascular regulation

... part of the body. LBNP stimulates CV system, in a particular a baroreflex regulation loop by unselective unload of these receptors. The LBNP test can cause syncope and progressive fluid shift can cause CV changes that are not stationary, not providing this important condition for further mathematica ...
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Antihypertensive drug



Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.
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