Outcome of surgical repair of atrial septal defect in adult age group
... Introduction: Surgical closure of an atrial septal defect (ASD) before the age of 30 years has been demonstrated to reduce complications during adulthood. However, the outcome of patients operated after the age of 30 is still debated. Methods: In a prospective study we examined the outcome of surgic ...
... Introduction: Surgical closure of an atrial septal defect (ASD) before the age of 30 years has been demonstrated to reduce complications during adulthood. However, the outcome of patients operated after the age of 30 is still debated. Methods: In a prospective study we examined the outcome of surgic ...
Myocardial ischemia
... and have no symptoms. 2. Irreversible cellular injury: Generally occurs 20 to 30 minutes after the onset of complete ischemia. 3. Release of myocardial enzymes such as creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) into circulation from myocardial ...
... and have no symptoms. 2. Irreversible cellular injury: Generally occurs 20 to 30 minutes after the onset of complete ischemia. 3. Release of myocardial enzymes such as creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) into circulation from myocardial ...
Comorbidity and Ventricular and Vascular Structure and Function in
... Conclusions—Comorbidities influence ventricular-vascular properties and outcomes in HFpEF, yet fundamental diseasespecific changes in cardiovascular structure and function underlie this disorder. These data support the search for mechanistically targeted therapies in this disease. (Circ Heart Fail. ...
... Conclusions—Comorbidities influence ventricular-vascular properties and outcomes in HFpEF, yet fundamental diseasespecific changes in cardiovascular structure and function underlie this disorder. These data support the search for mechanistically targeted therapies in this disease. (Circ Heart Fail. ...
Unprotected Left Main Coronary Disease and ST-Segment
... Multicenter randomized trials are necessary to evaluate the role of PCI while taking into account the limitations mentioned earlier. However, it is unlikely that a randomized controlled trial with sufficient size for this indication will ever be conducted given the logistic complexities of such a st ...
... Multicenter randomized trials are necessary to evaluate the role of PCI while taking into account the limitations mentioned earlier. However, it is unlikely that a randomized controlled trial with sufficient size for this indication will ever be conducted given the logistic complexities of such a st ...
Left ventricle unloading during veno-arterial
... (LV) function. Increased LV afterload, together with severe systolic dysfunction, may result in LV overload with subsequent increase in left atrial pressure and severe pulmonary edema. It has been shown both in animal (18) and human (19) studies that increasing extracorporeal blood flow with VA-ECMO ...
... (LV) function. Increased LV afterload, together with severe systolic dysfunction, may result in LV overload with subsequent increase in left atrial pressure and severe pulmonary edema. It has been shown both in animal (18) and human (19) studies that increasing extracorporeal blood flow with VA-ECMO ...
Influence of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction on the Effects of
... Background: There is no robust evidence of pharmacological interventions to improve mortality in heart failure (HF) patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (HFpEF). In this subanalysis study of the SUPPORT Trial, we addressed the influence of LVEF on the effects of olmesar ...
... Background: There is no robust evidence of pharmacological interventions to improve mortality in heart failure (HF) patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (HFpEF). In this subanalysis study of the SUPPORT Trial, we addressed the influence of LVEF on the effects of olmesar ...
Bendopnea - JACC: Heart Failure
... without bendopnea are summarized in Table 1. Most subjects were white, male, 60 to 65 years of age, and NYHA functional classes III and IV, with an LVEF of approximately 20%. Most subjects were taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, and diure ...
... without bendopnea are summarized in Table 1. Most subjects were white, male, 60 to 65 years of age, and NYHA functional classes III and IV, with an LVEF of approximately 20%. Most subjects were taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, and diure ...
Defective Reflex Control of Heart Rate in Dialysis
... was taking anti-hypertensive drugs or other medications known to affect autonomic nervous system. Three patients were hypertensive with blood pressure values above 160/90 mmHg. Although there was no clinical evidence of autonomic neuropathy, three patients had dialysis hypotension, defined as a mean ...
... was taking anti-hypertensive drugs or other medications known to affect autonomic nervous system. Three patients were hypertensive with blood pressure values above 160/90 mmHg. Although there was no clinical evidence of autonomic neuropathy, three patients had dialysis hypotension, defined as a mean ...
ChaP te r 1 General introduction 1 2
... and pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP), both of which are assumed to reflect end diastolic pressure and therefore to be reliable guides to fluid therapy. Moreover, cardiac output can be measured via thermodilution. However, the pressures are indirect volume indicators at best, and are influe ...
... and pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP), both of which are assumed to reflect end diastolic pressure and therefore to be reliable guides to fluid therapy. Moreover, cardiac output can be measured via thermodilution. However, the pressures are indirect volume indicators at best, and are influe ...
The Roles of Thiamine in Myocardial Infarction
... myocytolisis. Another beriberi heart patient presented with chest discomfort, diffuse ST-segment depression in the ECG with ST-segment elevation in aVR, and rapidly evolving congestive heart failure leading to cardiogenic shock. An emergency coronary angiogram was performed that showed normal corona ...
... myocytolisis. Another beriberi heart patient presented with chest discomfort, diffuse ST-segment depression in the ECG with ST-segment elevation in aVR, and rapidly evolving congestive heart failure leading to cardiogenic shock. An emergency coronary angiogram was performed that showed normal corona ...
Cardiology Board Review
... Atrioventricular septal (canal) defects and ventricular septal defects are both left-to-right shunting lesions that become apparent after birth when the pulmonary vascular resistance normally begins to decrease. These shunting lesions are characterized by increased blood flow into the pulmonary arte ...
... Atrioventricular septal (canal) defects and ventricular septal defects are both left-to-right shunting lesions that become apparent after birth when the pulmonary vascular resistance normally begins to decrease. These shunting lesions are characterized by increased blood flow into the pulmonary arte ...
Emer Stroke Adult
... with Vital Signs, For patients to be admitted to the ICU or to receive tPA, Q1HR (DEF)* with Vital Signs, For patients to be admitted to the floor, Q4HR Nursing Saline Lock Insertion Saline Lock, 18 gauge or larger antecubital (DEF)* Saline Lock Saline Lock, Large bore IV Saline Lock, 2 Large bore I ...
... with Vital Signs, For patients to be admitted to the ICU or to receive tPA, Q1HR (DEF)* with Vital Signs, For patients to be admitted to the floor, Q4HR Nursing Saline Lock Insertion Saline Lock, 18 gauge or larger antecubital (DEF)* Saline Lock Saline Lock, Large bore IV Saline Lock, 2 Large bore I ...
dynamic anatomical study of cardiac shunting in crocodiles using
... The left aorta communicates with the right aorta through the foramen of Panizza, an opening located in the inter-aortic septum at the base of the outflow tract (Fig. 1). This aperture was described for the first time by the Italian scientist Bartolomeo Panizza in 1833 and it increases the complexity ...
... The left aorta communicates with the right aorta through the foramen of Panizza, an opening located in the inter-aortic septum at the base of the outflow tract (Fig. 1). This aperture was described for the first time by the Italian scientist Bartolomeo Panizza in 1833 and it increases the complexity ...
background - Exploration Works
... 9. Using your scissors, continue to cut open the heart. Start a cut on the outside of the left atrium downward into the left ventricle, cutting toward the apex to the septum at the center groove. Push open the heart at this cut with your fingers and rinse out any dried blood with water. 10. Examine ...
... 9. Using your scissors, continue to cut open the heart. Start a cut on the outside of the left atrium downward into the left ventricle, cutting toward the apex to the septum at the center groove. Push open the heart at this cut with your fingers and rinse out any dried blood with water. 10. Examine ...
Chapter 9 Circulation: The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
... Cardiac Catheterization: Measuring Blood Pressure from Within Because arterial blood pressure decreases as blood flows further away from the heart, measurement of blood pressure with a simple inflatable cuff around the arm is only a reflection of the pressure in the heart and pulmonary arteries. Pre ...
... Cardiac Catheterization: Measuring Blood Pressure from Within Because arterial blood pressure decreases as blood flows further away from the heart, measurement of blood pressure with a simple inflatable cuff around the arm is only a reflection of the pressure in the heart and pulmonary arteries. Pre ...
importance of right ventricular end-systolic regional wall stress in
... changes of the RV to clinical parameters of right heart failure in IPAH. Hemodynamic markers of adverse long-term outcome such as elevated right atrial mean pressure, reduced cardiac output, and reduced RV ejection fraction are all measures of the severity of RV failure; however the ability of any o ...
... changes of the RV to clinical parameters of right heart failure in IPAH. Hemodynamic markers of adverse long-term outcome such as elevated right atrial mean pressure, reduced cardiac output, and reduced RV ejection fraction are all measures of the severity of RV failure; however the ability of any o ...
Macroscopic Structure and Physiology of the Normal and Diseased
... how dissection is performed.2, 4 Despite this, studies have verified the relation of dissection techniques to conclusions on architecture using non-invasive imaging techniques.5,6 To relate the macroscopic muscle structure to the functional behaviour of the heart, however, non-invasive imaging techn ...
... how dissection is performed.2, 4 Despite this, studies have verified the relation of dissection techniques to conclusions on architecture using non-invasive imaging techniques.5,6 To relate the macroscopic muscle structure to the functional behaviour of the heart, however, non-invasive imaging techn ...
Acute rosiglitazone treatment is cardioprotective against - AJP
... to be implemented (43). Therefore, there is an increasing need for therapeutic strategies that limit myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury (37). Rosiglitazone (RGZ), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-␥ agonist indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, has been shown to ...
... to be implemented (43). Therefore, there is an increasing need for therapeutic strategies that limit myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury (37). Rosiglitazone (RGZ), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-␥ agonist indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, has been shown to ...
Longitudinal strain of right ventricular free wall by 2
... significant correlations with MPAP and PVR, and multivariate logistic regression analysis identified PSS as the only independent predictor for MPAP ≥ 35 mmHg and PVR ≥ 400 dyne·sec·cm-5. Furthermore, ROC curve analysis showed that optimal cut-off value of PSS to detect an elevated MPAP and PVR was - ...
... significant correlations with MPAP and PVR, and multivariate logistic regression analysis identified PSS as the only independent predictor for MPAP ≥ 35 mmHg and PVR ≥ 400 dyne·sec·cm-5. Furthermore, ROC curve analysis showed that optimal cut-off value of PSS to detect an elevated MPAP and PVR was - ...
LEFT-TO-RIGHT CARDIAC SHUNT: PERIOPERATIVE
... relaxation induced by the left-to-right shunt-associated endothelial dysfunction and its associated biochemical changes. The support for this theory is the study of MacLean with experimental pulmonary hypertension associated with left-to-right shunt. This study revealed that intracellular cAMP was r ...
... relaxation induced by the left-to-right shunt-associated endothelial dysfunction and its associated biochemical changes. The support for this theory is the study of MacLean with experimental pulmonary hypertension associated with left-to-right shunt. This study revealed that intracellular cAMP was r ...
treating atrial fibrillation
... A range of treatments can help with atrial fibrillation. In some cases, lifestyle changes such as healthy eating and exercise can reduce arrhythmic events as well as benefit overall health. Medicine can be effective in correcting ...
... A range of treatments can help with atrial fibrillation. In some cases, lifestyle changes such as healthy eating and exercise can reduce arrhythmic events as well as benefit overall health. Medicine can be effective in correcting ...
Cardiac Sciences Program Learning Module PFO/ASD
... All patients planned for secundum ASD closures will have a general anesthetic and will be seen in CPAC. The pre-angiogram order set will be ordered for admission to the hospital and will include an order for post-procedure limited echo on post-procedure day 1 Presently PFO closures will also have a ...
... All patients planned for secundum ASD closures will have a general anesthetic and will be seen in CPAC. The pre-angiogram order set will be ordered for admission to the hospital and will include an order for post-procedure limited echo on post-procedure day 1 Presently PFO closures will also have a ...
Pathophysiology of Coronary Blood Flow in Congenital Heart
... Inflammation decreases endothelial nitric oxide synthase (21), which stimulates the secretion of nitric oxide, an important factor inducing arterial vasodilatation Wall stress is related to ventricular pressure, chamber diameter, and wall thickness (24). Wall stress was measured according to the La ...
... Inflammation decreases endothelial nitric oxide synthase (21), which stimulates the secretion of nitric oxide, an important factor inducing arterial vasodilatation Wall stress is related to ventricular pressure, chamber diameter, and wall thickness (24). Wall stress was measured according to the La ...
Cardiac Action Potential Prolongation Induced by Isolated
... rabbit papillary muscle. The results of this study indicate that both (+)-thioridazine and racemate cause significantly greater prolongation of the APD than does (-)-thioridazine. Risk of Torsade de Pointes is strongly related to blockade of the cardiac IKr current in many drugs. Further analysis of ...
... rabbit papillary muscle. The results of this study indicate that both (+)-thioridazine and racemate cause significantly greater prolongation of the APD than does (-)-thioridazine. Risk of Torsade de Pointes is strongly related to blockade of the cardiac IKr current in many drugs. Further analysis of ...
Inhalants and Human Physiology
... known as laughing gas. When inhaled, it replaces oxygen in the body, producing a buzzing in the head, giddiness, and often uncontrollable laughter. Inhaling the gas in a small enclosed space can bring about death from lack of oxygen. Viewers are warned that inhalants usually lead to other drug use. ...
... known as laughing gas. When inhaled, it replaces oxygen in the body, producing a buzzing in the head, giddiness, and often uncontrollable laughter. Inhaling the gas in a small enclosed space can bring about death from lack of oxygen. Viewers are warned that inhalants usually lead to other drug use. ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.