3 stages
... RHYTHM CONNECTIONS atrioventricular (nodal rhythm) occurs during the suppression of the sinoatrial node automaticity and retrograde propagation of the pulse of the atrioventricular connection. As a result of the ECG, there is recorded negative prong R. It precedes the complex QRS, appears simultaneo ...
... RHYTHM CONNECTIONS atrioventricular (nodal rhythm) occurs during the suppression of the sinoatrial node automaticity and retrograde propagation of the pulse of the atrioventricular connection. As a result of the ECG, there is recorded negative prong R. It precedes the complex QRS, appears simultaneo ...
2 Vascular function Part
... Model parameters were estimated from data measured in a group of 11 control subjects (Group 1; see paragraph patient selection) and then averaged to obtain a single set of baseline parameters. Arterial parameters, Z0, Rp and Ca, were estimated from measured pressure and flow using a prediction-error ...
... Model parameters were estimated from data measured in a group of 11 control subjects (Group 1; see paragraph patient selection) and then averaged to obtain a single set of baseline parameters. Arterial parameters, Z0, Rp and Ca, were estimated from measured pressure and flow using a prediction-error ...
The effect of baroreceptor activity on cardiovascular regulation
... cardiovascular system. Patients usually expire in a manometer, achieving in this way stable pressure (e.g. 40 mmHg) for 10-15 sec. The fourth stage of the procedure, where there is an AP increase and a reduction of the heart rate, can be used for BRS calculation46. Aside from the baroreceptors stimu ...
... cardiovascular system. Patients usually expire in a manometer, achieving in this way stable pressure (e.g. 40 mmHg) for 10-15 sec. The fourth stage of the procedure, where there is an AP increase and a reduction of the heart rate, can be used for BRS calculation46. Aside from the baroreceptors stimu ...
ACC/AHA Practice Guidelines
... assessment in elderly subjects has been described in the Olmstead County, Minnesota, cohort followed by the Mayo Clinic (14). As expected, the elderly patients (aged greater than or equal to 65 years) had more comorbidity and achieved a lower workload than their younger counterparts. They also had a ...
... assessment in elderly subjects has been described in the Olmstead County, Minnesota, cohort followed by the Mayo Clinic (14). As expected, the elderly patients (aged greater than or equal to 65 years) had more comorbidity and achieved a lower workload than their younger counterparts. They also had a ...
Reliability of Noninvasive Assessment of Systolic Pulmonary Artery
... prognostic implications in the general population.6 Therefore, the measurement of PAP has gained wide acceptance in the assessment and follow-up of patients with cardiac or pulmonary disorders. Direct pressure measurement with right heart catheterization is the reference method and “gold standard” f ...
... prognostic implications in the general population.6 Therefore, the measurement of PAP has gained wide acceptance in the assessment and follow-up of patients with cardiac or pulmonary disorders. Direct pressure measurement with right heart catheterization is the reference method and “gold standard” f ...
Surgical Therapy for Heart Failure
... Symptomatic improvement occured after cardiomyoplasty Mechanism for improvement is unclear Pacemaker synchronization was critical for obtaining optimal improvement. ...
... Symptomatic improvement occured after cardiomyoplasty Mechanism for improvement is unclear Pacemaker synchronization was critical for obtaining optimal improvement. ...
PDF - Journal of the American Heart Association
... ª 2015 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley Blackwell. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is ...
... ª 2015 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley Blackwell. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is ...
Study of cardiac arrhythmias in acute myocardial infarction within 48
... infarction within 48 hours of hospitalization. Studying arrhythmias in hospitalized cases of acute myocardial infarction is an indirect estimate of mortality and assumes significance because true mortality due to acute myocardial infarction is difficult to ascertain in the community due to inadequat ...
... infarction within 48 hours of hospitalization. Studying arrhythmias in hospitalized cases of acute myocardial infarction is an indirect estimate of mortality and assumes significance because true mortality due to acute myocardial infarction is difficult to ascertain in the community due to inadequat ...
Potential of endothelin-1 and vasopressin
... Congestive heart failure is a syndrome caused by inability of the heart to pump sufficient blood for the perfusion of various organs in the body. Despite sufficient filling of chambers of the heart, cardiac output decreases and the heart is unable to meet the metabolic needs of different organs and ...
... Congestive heart failure is a syndrome caused by inability of the heart to pump sufficient blood for the perfusion of various organs in the body. Despite sufficient filling of chambers of the heart, cardiac output decreases and the heart is unable to meet the metabolic needs of different organs and ...
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
... considered within the context of underlying heart failure pathophysiology. Currently, this linkage remains somewhat of a black box (Fig. 2), but there is growing appreciation for the various factors that may well influence it. For example, myocardial fibrosis and heterogeneously dispersed scar and/o ...
... considered within the context of underlying heart failure pathophysiology. Currently, this linkage remains somewhat of a black box (Fig. 2), but there is growing appreciation for the various factors that may well influence it. For example, myocardial fibrosis and heterogeneously dispersed scar and/o ...
tolerance, heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration - Heart
... sitting and supine exercise, simply show that this index is not valid for predicting anginal pain when changes in heart size and duration of ejection time are not taken into account as stated originally by Robinson. Such changes could be brought about by changing the body position or by means of pha ...
... sitting and supine exercise, simply show that this index is not valid for predicting anginal pain when changes in heart size and duration of ejection time are not taken into account as stated originally by Robinson. Such changes could be brought about by changing the body position or by means of pha ...
Can noise cause high blood pressure?
... communication and learning, psycho-physiological problems as well as discomfort or annoyance (18). Noise seems to have some effects even on gastrointestinal system (19), the respiratory system (20), the immune system (21), the endocrine system (22), the reproductive system (23) and the neurogenic sy ...
... communication and learning, psycho-physiological problems as well as discomfort or annoyance (18). Noise seems to have some effects even on gastrointestinal system (19), the respiratory system (20), the immune system (21), the endocrine system (22), the reproductive system (23) and the neurogenic sy ...
Left Ventricular Function Described in Physical Terms
... geometry. The rate of change of pressure was derived by differentiating the pressure waveform. Both pressure records have been calibrated in dynes/cm.2, as well as the mm. Hg units familiar to biologists. The duration of mechanical systole was also computed from the record of ventricular pressure. A ...
... geometry. The rate of change of pressure was derived by differentiating the pressure waveform. Both pressure records have been calibrated in dynes/cm.2, as well as the mm. Hg units familiar to biologists. The duration of mechanical systole was also computed from the record of ventricular pressure. A ...
Sympathetic nervous system and muscle: A two way interaction in
... relative contribution of each mechanism in different phases of exercise. In order to elucidate this issue, a series of experiments were performed recently in this laboratory25. In this report, renal vascular resistance (RVR) (assessed by Doppler measured renal flow velocity and by beat to beat measu ...
... relative contribution of each mechanism in different phases of exercise. In order to elucidate this issue, a series of experiments were performed recently in this laboratory25. In this report, renal vascular resistance (RVR) (assessed by Doppler measured renal flow velocity and by beat to beat measu ...
Patients with a hypertensive response to exercise have
... CONCLUSIONS An HRE is associated with subtle systolic dysfunction, even in the absence of resting HT. These changes occur before the development of LV hypertrophy or detectable diastolic dysfunction and likely represent early hypertensive heart disease. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 43:848 –53) © 2004 by ...
... CONCLUSIONS An HRE is associated with subtle systolic dysfunction, even in the absence of resting HT. These changes occur before the development of LV hypertrophy or detectable diastolic dysfunction and likely represent early hypertensive heart disease. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 43:848 –53) © 2004 by ...
Left ventricular wall mechanics in hypertension
... midwall shortening was less than normal in patients with concentric LVH and greater than normal in those with eccentric LVH. In Krayen buchi analysis, endocardial shortening was equal in normal subjects and patients with concentric and eccentric hypertrophy[2] It was found that left ventricular hype ...
... midwall shortening was less than normal in patients with concentric LVH and greater than normal in those with eccentric LVH. In Krayen buchi analysis, endocardial shortening was equal in normal subjects and patients with concentric and eccentric hypertrophy[2] It was found that left ventricular hype ...
the importance of vascular elasticity in the circulatory system of the
... physiological pressures. In the past decade considerable knowledge of cephalopod cardiovascular physiology has been gained, primarily from research conducted on O. vulgaris (see Wells, 1983; Wells and Smith, 1987, for reviews). One of the most interesting findings is that systemic blood pressures in ...
... physiological pressures. In the past decade considerable knowledge of cephalopod cardiovascular physiology has been gained, primarily from research conducted on O. vulgaris (see Wells, 1983; Wells and Smith, 1987, for reviews). One of the most interesting findings is that systemic blood pressures in ...
Print - Circulation Research
... returns to the heart from the venous system (venous return) may differ considerably from the rate at which the heart pumps it out into the arterial system (cardiac output). Under steady state conditions, however, cardiac output (CO) and venous return (VR) are virtually equal. Therefore, it probably ...
... returns to the heart from the venous system (venous return) may differ considerably from the rate at which the heart pumps it out into the arterial system (cardiac output). Under steady state conditions, however, cardiac output (CO) and venous return (VR) are virtually equal. Therefore, it probably ...
Renal Resistive Index and Cardiovascular and
... degree of renal impairment in hypertensive patients. We investigated the prognostic role of RI in cardiovascular and renal outcomes. A total of 426 essential hypertensive subjects (mean age, 63 years; 50% female) with no previous cardiovascular disease were included in this study. Renal segmental ar ...
... degree of renal impairment in hypertensive patients. We investigated the prognostic role of RI in cardiovascular and renal outcomes. A total of 426 essential hypertensive subjects (mean age, 63 years; 50% female) with no previous cardiovascular disease were included in this study. Renal segmental ar ...
“The Cardio-Respiratory Human System: The Cardio
... blood must constantly move in a closed circuit, otherwise the arteries and the body would explode under the pressure. ...
... blood must constantly move in a closed circuit, otherwise the arteries and the body would explode under the pressure. ...
Cardiomyopathies and Myocarditides
... • management of LV dysfunction similar to other forms of congestive heart failure • ? exercise may intensify inflammatory response • consider anticoagulation to prevent thromboemboli • consider temporary pacer for complete AV block • ? prednisone and azathioprine - no apparent benefit seen in the My ...
... • management of LV dysfunction similar to other forms of congestive heart failure • ? exercise may intensify inflammatory response • consider anticoagulation to prevent thromboemboli • consider temporary pacer for complete AV block • ? prednisone and azathioprine - no apparent benefit seen in the My ...
Flash pulmonary oedema and bilateral renal artery stenosis: the Pickering Syndrome †
... usually result in prompt resolution of FPO but may further compromise renal blood flow and function. This is particularly true with inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. Although empirically, renin–angiotensin–system inhibitors should prove to be very useful for emergency treatment ...
... usually result in prompt resolution of FPO but may further compromise renal blood flow and function. This is particularly true with inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. Although empirically, renin–angiotensin–system inhibitors should prove to be very useful for emergency treatment ...
Flash pulmonary oedema and bilateral renal artery stenosis: the
... The therapeutic approach to the Pickering Syndrome can be divided into two distinct phases. Phase 1 is characterized by the occurrence of FPO which represents a hypertensive emergency requiring immediate therapeutic intervention. Haemodynamic unloading by antihypertensive drugs usually result in pro ...
... The therapeutic approach to the Pickering Syndrome can be divided into two distinct phases. Phase 1 is characterized by the occurrence of FPO which represents a hypertensive emergency requiring immediate therapeutic intervention. Haemodynamic unloading by antihypertensive drugs usually result in pro ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.