Chest X-ray Interpretation
... Anomalous pulmonary vein drains any or all of the lobes of the right lung Vein curves outward along the right cardiac border, usually from the middle of the lung to the cardiophrenic angle, and usually empties into the inferior vena cava but also may drain into the portal vein, hepatic vein, or righ ...
... Anomalous pulmonary vein drains any or all of the lobes of the right lung Vein curves outward along the right cardiac border, usually from the middle of the lung to the cardiophrenic angle, and usually empties into the inferior vena cava but also may drain into the portal vein, hepatic vein, or righ ...
Systolic Blood Pressure, Heart Rate and Treadmill
... Normal patients at peak exercise were found to have a mean rate-pressure product of 28.6 + 4.9 ( 1 S D ) m Hg/min and angina patients had a mean value of 23.3 + 6.2 ( 1 SD ) m Hgl min ( Fig 5). All except three ( 4 percent) of the normal patients had rate-pressure products greater than 20 m Hg/min, ...
... Normal patients at peak exercise were found to have a mean rate-pressure product of 28.6 + 4.9 ( 1 S D ) m Hg/min and angina patients had a mean value of 23.3 + 6.2 ( 1 SD ) m Hgl min ( Fig 5). All except three ( 4 percent) of the normal patients had rate-pressure products greater than 20 m Hg/min, ...
Angioplasty Versus Bypass Surgery for Coronary Artery Disease
... of oxygen the heart requires and/or increasing the amount of blood flow through the arteries. Medications that reduce the risk of death are aspirin or aspirin-like drugs, cholesterollowering drugs, and agents such as -blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors that block the harmful effe ...
... of oxygen the heart requires and/or increasing the amount of blood flow through the arteries. Medications that reduce the risk of death are aspirin or aspirin-like drugs, cholesterollowering drugs, and agents such as -blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors that block the harmful effe ...
Long-term outcomes in high-risk patients with non-ST
... (PCI) patients received warfarin. PCI provided only moderate benefit [6], but the advent of coronary stents and more potent antiplatelet agents have significantly improved outcomes, such that PCI is now recommended for most NSTEMI patients [7, 8]. Evidence-based therapy use, during and after hospita ...
... (PCI) patients received warfarin. PCI provided only moderate benefit [6], but the advent of coronary stents and more potent antiplatelet agents have significantly improved outcomes, such that PCI is now recommended for most NSTEMI patients [7, 8]. Evidence-based therapy use, during and after hospita ...
Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
... medical therapy and ICD placement in appropriate high-risk individuals. The work by Hulleman et al4 is important because it, specifically, places into context the role of ICDs in reducing VF-OHCA in light of important changes in the epidemiology of disease and other factors in north Holland. Because ...
... medical therapy and ICD placement in appropriate high-risk individuals. The work by Hulleman et al4 is important because it, specifically, places into context the role of ICDs in reducing VF-OHCA in light of important changes in the epidemiology of disease and other factors in north Holland. Because ...
Differential Profile and Biochemical Effects of
... revealed a broad spectrum of quantitative and qualitative chronotropic changes (Figure 4). Furthermore, the chronotropic effects of the IgG fractions from 9 patients having anti--adrenergic receptor antibodies and from 2 with antiM2-cholinergic receptor antibodies were not totally abolished by the ...
... revealed a broad spectrum of quantitative and qualitative chronotropic changes (Figure 4). Furthermore, the chronotropic effects of the IgG fractions from 9 patients having anti--adrenergic receptor antibodies and from 2 with antiM2-cholinergic receptor antibodies were not totally abolished by the ...
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
... Left Atria opens to the Left Ventricle via Left AV valve Mitral Valve or Bicuspid Valve Left Ventricle receives “oxygenated” blood from left atria Left Ventricle pumps “oxygenated” blood to the body via the Aorta ~ largest artery in body Left Ventricle pumps “oxygenated” blood to heart itself via th ...
... Left Atria opens to the Left Ventricle via Left AV valve Mitral Valve or Bicuspid Valve Left Ventricle receives “oxygenated” blood from left atria Left Ventricle pumps “oxygenated” blood to the body via the Aorta ~ largest artery in body Left Ventricle pumps “oxygenated” blood to heart itself via th ...
Mitral valve prolapse by Ronald Hoffman, M.D., CNS May 1996
... Acetyl-l-carnitine is a related nutrient that may be more bio-available. Dosage: 120 mg. three times daily. ...
... Acetyl-l-carnitine is a related nutrient that may be more bio-available. Dosage: 120 mg. three times daily. ...
AFRICA
... produce the syndrome of type 2 diabetes. Understanding the pathophysiology and aligning our management of the condition to these circumstances presents an opportunity to refresh current guidelines.’ This view was expressed by Prof Joshi, director of the Diabetes Care Centre, Pretoria and emeritus pr ...
... produce the syndrome of type 2 diabetes. Understanding the pathophysiology and aligning our management of the condition to these circumstances presents an opportunity to refresh current guidelines.’ This view was expressed by Prof Joshi, director of the Diabetes Care Centre, Pretoria and emeritus pr ...
body fluids and circulation
... Two groupings – ABO & Rh, are widely used all over the world. Blood from one person to another person can be administered if the blood groups of both the people match. Administering blood of one person to another person through the vein is called BLOOD TRANSFUSION. Karl Landsteiner (1900) discovered ...
... Two groupings – ABO & Rh, are widely used all over the world. Blood from one person to another person can be administered if the blood groups of both the people match. Administering blood of one person to another person through the vein is called BLOOD TRANSFUSION. Karl Landsteiner (1900) discovered ...
Heart Failure What is Heart Failure?
... Heart Failure? • Heart failure is very common • It is the number one reason why people are admitted into hospitals in the U.S. • Heart failure effects nearly 5 million Americans • An estimated 400,000 to 700,000 new cases are diagnosed each year ...
... Heart Failure? • Heart failure is very common • It is the number one reason why people are admitted into hospitals in the U.S. • Heart failure effects nearly 5 million Americans • An estimated 400,000 to 700,000 new cases are diagnosed each year ...
Coronary circulation
... • Peak CBF – early diastole ( after isovolumic relaxation) • According to Poiseuille Hegan formula – Blood flow (Q) = ∆P∏r4/8Lᶯ where ∆P = coronary perfusion pressure r = radius , L = length of vessel ...
... • Peak CBF – early diastole ( after isovolumic relaxation) • According to Poiseuille Hegan formula – Blood flow (Q) = ∆P∏r4/8Lᶯ where ∆P = coronary perfusion pressure r = radius , L = length of vessel ...
Molecular determinants of heart failure with normal left ventricular
... MyD in HFREF was accompanied by collagen deposition. In HFNEF, collagen deposition was associated with a similar further increase in MyD. For each level of CVF, MyD in HFNEF patients exceeded MyD in HFREF patients. This excess cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in HFNEF was likely related to a history of art ...
... MyD in HFREF was accompanied by collagen deposition. In HFNEF, collagen deposition was associated with a similar further increase in MyD. For each level of CVF, MyD in HFNEF patients exceeded MyD in HFREF patients. This excess cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in HFNEF was likely related to a history of art ...
Coarctation of the aorta Interrupted aortic arch
... enlarged heart, an enlarged liver and congestive Flow patterns are normal but are reduced below the coarctation. Blood pressure is increased in vesheart failure. Blood pressure also increases above sels leaving the aorta above the coarctation. The broken white arrow indicates diminished blood flow t ...
... enlarged heart, an enlarged liver and congestive Flow patterns are normal but are reduced below the coarctation. Blood pressure is increased in vesheart failure. Blood pressure also increases above sels leaving the aorta above the coarctation. The broken white arrow indicates diminished blood flow t ...
Analysis of LeftVentricular Pressure During Isovolumic
... Basal cardiac index, dP/dt max, dP/dt min and myocardial lactate extraction ratio were significantly lower and end-diastolic volume index higher in group 3 than in group l, and dP/dt max and dP/dt min were lower than in group 2. At the highest pacing rate, all nine patients experienced angina, which ...
... Basal cardiac index, dP/dt max, dP/dt min and myocardial lactate extraction ratio were significantly lower and end-diastolic volume index higher in group 3 than in group l, and dP/dt max and dP/dt min were lower than in group 2. At the highest pacing rate, all nine patients experienced angina, which ...
Right Ventricular End-Diastolic Volume Combined With
... atrially corrected TGA. Patients who were already using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers were instructed to discontinue these at least 4 weeks before baseline examinations. All patients were followed up from inclusion to August 2012, notwithstanding the en ...
... atrially corrected TGA. Patients who were already using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers were instructed to discontinue these at least 4 weeks before baseline examinations. All patients were followed up from inclusion to August 2012, notwithstanding the en ...
New devices in heart failure: a European Heart Rhythm Association
... 1. Georgakopoulos D et al, J Card Fail 2011;17:167–78 ...
... 1. Georgakopoulos D et al, J Card Fail 2011;17:167–78 ...
Acute Heart Failure
... majority of cases. It is therefore of great importance that guidelines and recommendations are presented in formats that are easily interpreted. Subsequently, their implementation programmes must also be well conducted. Attempts have been made to determine whether guidelines improve the quality of c ...
... majority of cases. It is therefore of great importance that guidelines and recommendations are presented in formats that are easily interpreted. Subsequently, their implementation programmes must also be well conducted. Attempts have been made to determine whether guidelines improve the quality of c ...
File - Logan Class of December 2011
... Bacertiral endocarditis: M/C cause is hypersensitivity to group A beta hemolytic strept and then followed by IV drug use Congential heart disease: Can be up to 5 per 1,000 birhts. Usually due to premature babies and most are rectified on their own. Some problems are valve prolapse and most often pre ...
... Bacertiral endocarditis: M/C cause is hypersensitivity to group A beta hemolytic strept and then followed by IV drug use Congential heart disease: Can be up to 5 per 1,000 birhts. Usually due to premature babies and most are rectified on their own. Some problems are valve prolapse and most often pre ...
Frequency dependent effect of selective biphasic left vagus nerve
... Activation of the parasympathetic pathway leads to negative chronotropic, dromotropic, and inotropic changes of heart function. The ability to selectively stimulate certain superficial compartments of peripheral nerves has been demonstrated previously. The aim of the present study was to find a clin ...
... Activation of the parasympathetic pathway leads to negative chronotropic, dromotropic, and inotropic changes of heart function. The ability to selectively stimulate certain superficial compartments of peripheral nerves has been demonstrated previously. The aim of the present study was to find a clin ...
Print - Circulation Research
... mean left ventricular pressure is used (Fig. 2B). That graph therefore appears to be determined only by the pump function of the left heart. To obtain the left ventricular pump function graph, we choose to analyze both aspects of cardiac pump function (i.e., flow and pressure generation) in a simila ...
... mean left ventricular pressure is used (Fig. 2B). That graph therefore appears to be determined only by the pump function of the left heart. To obtain the left ventricular pump function graph, we choose to analyze both aspects of cardiac pump function (i.e., flow and pressure generation) in a simila ...
CHA2DS2-VASc-HS score in non-ST elevation acute coronary
... Objective: We recently described the CHA2DS2-VASc-HS score as a novel predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD) severity in stable CAD patients. We aimed to assess the accuracy of the CHA2DS2-VASc-HS score in the determination of CAD severity and complexity and its availability in the risk stratifi ...
... Objective: We recently described the CHA2DS2-VASc-HS score as a novel predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD) severity in stable CAD patients. We aimed to assess the accuracy of the CHA2DS2-VASc-HS score in the determination of CAD severity and complexity and its availability in the risk stratifi ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.