Abstract - Res per nomen
... encyclopaedia of linguistics, and appears to have been reproduced without question. A comparable problem emerges when we consider Nesselhauf’s claim about want. It is true that the verb want takes many thousands of different types of complements. But Nesselhauf suggests there are no ‘arbitrary const ...
... encyclopaedia of linguistics, and appears to have been reproduced without question. A comparable problem emerges when we consider Nesselhauf’s claim about want. It is true that the verb want takes many thousands of different types of complements. But Nesselhauf suggests there are no ‘arbitrary const ...
Performance Grammar: a Declarative Definition
... How is the focussed Direct OBJect NP Kim ‘extracted’ from the subordinate clause and ‘moved’ into the main clause? Movement of phrases between clauses is due to lateral topology sharing (i.e. left– and/or right–peripheral sharing). If a sentence contains more than one verb, each of the verb frames c ...
... How is the focussed Direct OBJect NP Kim ‘extracted’ from the subordinate clause and ‘moved’ into the main clause? Movement of phrases between clauses is due to lateral topology sharing (i.e. left– and/or right–peripheral sharing). If a sentence contains more than one verb, each of the verb frames c ...
Variation, evolution and the syntax of Afro
... certain feature should percolate to all elements m-commanded (Chomsky 1986) by the head, in cases of “impoverished agreement”, concord can be limited to some of them. Within the GB framework, DP features are claimed to percolate up from the noun to the determiner (Grimshaw 1991; 1997). Thus, in this ...
... certain feature should percolate to all elements m-commanded (Chomsky 1986) by the head, in cases of “impoverished agreement”, concord can be limited to some of them. Within the GB framework, DP features are claimed to percolate up from the noun to the determiner (Grimshaw 1991; 1997). Thus, in this ...
Slides
... • Languages do not all have the same categories; however, they all seem to have nouns and verbs. • In English, we have the following word categories (and more): 1. determiners (D) a, the, an, my, his, each, that... 2. nouns (N) cat, book, wallet, happiness... 3. verbs (V) run, walk, surpass, alienat ...
... • Languages do not all have the same categories; however, they all seem to have nouns and verbs. • In English, we have the following word categories (and more): 1. determiners (D) a, the, an, my, his, each, that... 2. nouns (N) cat, book, wallet, happiness... 3. verbs (V) run, walk, surpass, alienat ...
English Word Order and the Principle of FSP - Žmogus ir žodis
... varied semantically. The said pattern was employed to thematize the Affected Participant, the Recipient, the Source, the Range, the Phenomenon and the Experiencer. Consider the examples below: (1) [Cousin Lymon had a very peculiar accomplishment, which he used whenever he wished to ingratiate himsel ...
... varied semantically. The said pattern was employed to thematize the Affected Participant, the Recipient, the Source, the Range, the Phenomenon and the Experiencer. Consider the examples below: (1) [Cousin Lymon had a very peculiar accomplishment, which he used whenever he wished to ingratiate himsel ...
A Comparative Study of the Globally Ambiguous
... the GP sentences mean that there does exist a one-tomany corresponding relation among the elements in the structure under discussion. When one of the relations is by default interpreted as a cognitive prototype, it will automatically become the root of the whole decoding process; then extend along t ...
... the GP sentences mean that there does exist a one-tomany corresponding relation among the elements in the structure under discussion. When one of the relations is by default interpreted as a cognitive prototype, it will automatically become the root of the whole decoding process; then extend along t ...
3. - DROPS
... In the education area, these trends also apply and have had a high impact in the learning process, where attention and motivation are of utmost importance, and teaching materials must be appealing to the students. It is in this context that the Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) research are ...
... In the education area, these trends also apply and have had a high impact in the learning process, where attention and motivation are of utmost importance, and teaching materials must be appealing to the students. It is in this context that the Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) research are ...
(Syntactic) Lexicon and Syntax: Insertion Conditions for Derivational
... are latently present in a framework I developed without being aware of them suggests that the proposals in that work for lexical representation, categorial asymmetries, and grammatical formatives are on the right track. In what follows then, I will first show, in section 2, how the four principal us ...
... are latently present in a framework I developed without being aware of them suggests that the proposals in that work for lexical representation, categorial asymmetries, and grammatical formatives are on the right track. In what follows then, I will first show, in section 2, how the four principal us ...
LI2013 (10) – Syntax (for students)
... the lake, book on the table. In VPs, complements can be NPs or PPs: ate the cookies, ate at the park. In APs, complements can be PPs: happy about the new job. In PPs, complements are NPs: at the park. ...
... the lake, book on the table. In VPs, complements can be NPs or PPs: ate the cookies, ate at the park. In APs, complements can be PPs: happy about the new job. In PPs, complements are NPs: at the park. ...
Three Batons for Cognitive Psychology
... in an article with the limited scope of the present one, to indicate adequately the size of the great leaps in our understanding of linguistic organization - not only in syntax, but also in phonology, semantics, and linguistic change - which were a consequence of this synthesis. 1.3 Of central impor ...
... in an article with the limited scope of the present one, to indicate adequately the size of the great leaps in our understanding of linguistic organization - not only in syntax, but also in phonology, semantics, and linguistic change - which were a consequence of this synthesis. 1.3 Of central impor ...
Talbanken05: A Swedish Treebank with Phrase Structure and
... section (P), with data from textbooks, brochures, newspapers, etc., and a collection of high school students’ essays (G). The spoken language part also has two sections, interviews (IB) and conversations and debates (SD). Altogether, the corpus contains close to 300,000 running tokens. The MAMBA ann ...
... section (P), with data from textbooks, brochures, newspapers, etc., and a collection of high school students’ essays (G). The spoken language part also has two sections, interviews (IB) and conversations and debates (SD). Altogether, the corpus contains close to 300,000 running tokens. The MAMBA ann ...
ENG421 - National Open University of Nigeria
... ENG 421 is a one semester three credit units 400 level course. It is designed for students whose major discipline is English. The course consists of eighteen units that present the new trends in syntactic explorations within the generative thinking. The material has been developed with local example ...
... ENG 421 is a one semester three credit units 400 level course. It is designed for students whose major discipline is English. The course consists of eighteen units that present the new trends in syntactic explorations within the generative thinking. The material has been developed with local example ...
Prosody Drives the Syntax: O`odham Rhythm *1
... with an unstressed syllable. However, by placing the auxiliary in second position, the prosody has an unstressed syllable at its disposal. Whenever an utterance begins with a monosyllabic content word, the auxiliary provides the unstressed syllable necessary to complete the trochaic foot, as in (9a, ...
... with an unstressed syllable. However, by placing the auxiliary in second position, the prosody has an unstressed syllable at its disposal. Whenever an utterance begins with a monosyllabic content word, the auxiliary provides the unstressed syllable necessary to complete the trochaic foot, as in (9a, ...
Cognitive linguistics and language structure
... are expressed in terms of the ‘landmark’ relation of Cognitive Grammar, while the actual ordering requires the more primitive relation found in any ordered string, here called ‘next’. The paper explains how landmark relations can be derived from wordword dependencies in both simple and complex synta ...
... are expressed in terms of the ‘landmark’ relation of Cognitive Grammar, while the actual ordering requires the more primitive relation found in any ordered string, here called ‘next’. The paper explains how landmark relations can be derived from wordword dependencies in both simple and complex synta ...
Transformational Generative Grammar for Various
... 5. If the sentence is not interrogative, check if it is imperative or not. Form the auxiliary part of the verb from the lexeme sequence. In the above example, auxiliary will be +φ+e = . If the verb auxiliary is not in normal mood, check if it is in imperative mood. If so, check if the first noun ...
... 5. If the sentence is not interrogative, check if it is imperative or not. Form the auxiliary part of the verb from the lexeme sequence. In the above example, auxiliary will be +φ+e = . If the verb auxiliary is not in normal mood, check if it is in imperative mood. If so, check if the first noun ...
Design Principles for a Spanish Treebank
... In the literature about treebanks, two positions about theory foundations arise: treebanks which are theoretically founded and treebanks that are theory independent. Among treebanks that are annotated according to one theory, two cases should be mentioned: treebanks annotated following the GB framew ...
... In the literature about treebanks, two positions about theory foundations arise: treebanks which are theoretically founded and treebanks that are theory independent. Among treebanks that are annotated according to one theory, two cases should be mentioned: treebanks annotated following the GB framew ...
What sort of innate structure is needed to “bootstrap” into syntax?*
... ones, without any abrupt transitions (e.g., Braine, 1988a; Schlesinger, 1982). However, the only available explanation of how this growth takes place is Schlesinger’s proposal of “semantic assimilation” (Schlesinger, 1982, 1988), and his account is suggestive rather than precise. For example, Schles ...
... ones, without any abrupt transitions (e.g., Braine, 1988a; Schlesinger, 1982). However, the only available explanation of how this growth takes place is Schlesinger’s proposal of “semantic assimilation” (Schlesinger, 1982, 1988), and his account is suggestive rather than precise. For example, Schles ...
Features, Syntax, and Categories in the Latin Perfect
... Features that are phonological, or purely morphological, or arbitrary properties of vocabulary items, are not present in the syntax; syntacticosemanticfeatures are not inserted in morphology. This position is a clear consequence of the hypothesis that Late Insertion is universal, that is, applies in ...
... Features that are phonological, or purely morphological, or arbitrary properties of vocabulary items, are not present in the syntax; syntacticosemanticfeatures are not inserted in morphology. This position is a clear consequence of the hypothesis that Late Insertion is universal, that is, applies in ...
Child language acquisition: Why Universal
... categories are circular. That is, the categories are defined in terms of the system in which they participate. For example, arguably the only diagnostic test for whether a particular word (e.g., situation, happiness, party) is a NOUN is whether or not it occurs in a similar set of syntactic contexts ...
... categories are circular. That is, the categories are defined in terms of the system in which they participate. For example, arguably the only diagnostic test for whether a particular word (e.g., situation, happiness, party) is a NOUN is whether or not it occurs in a similar set of syntactic contexts ...
Lexical Functional Grammar Abstract 1 LFG`s syntactic structures
... C-structure trees contain two sorts of categories. Categories such as N (noun) and V (verb), familiar from traditional grammatical analysis, are called lexical categories. Most LFG analyses assume at least the lexical categories N (noun), A (adjective), V (verb), Adv (adverb), and P (preposition), t ...
... C-structure trees contain two sorts of categories. Categories such as N (noun) and V (verb), familiar from traditional grammatical analysis, are called lexical categories. Most LFG analyses assume at least the lexical categories N (noun), A (adjective), V (verb), Adv (adverb), and P (preposition), t ...
Full Text - Journal of Foreign Languages, Cultures
... Monkey s .m play P2 drum animals s.m dance “Monkey played a drum the animals danced” In the example above, although the events in the two clauses are quite obviously related and can be interpreted as occurring in a temporal sequence, the presence of the tense marker in the second conjunct separates ...
... Monkey s .m play P2 drum animals s.m dance “Monkey played a drum the animals danced” In the example above, although the events in the two clauses are quite obviously related and can be interpreted as occurring in a temporal sequence, the presence of the tense marker in the second conjunct separates ...
Agreement: a crash-course ( ) . The Person Case
... • We could always try to salvage the original view of probing with a ‘hack’ — ◦ a feature that does nothing but cause probing, is valued by any (nominal) target, and whose unvalued variant causes ungrammaticality – and we could even recruit Harley & Ritter’s (2002) [Referring Expression] node in thi ...
... • We could always try to salvage the original view of probing with a ‘hack’ — ◦ a feature that does nothing but cause probing, is valued by any (nominal) target, and whose unvalued variant causes ungrammaticality – and we could even recruit Harley & Ritter’s (2002) [Referring Expression] node in thi ...
Lexical representations in spoken language comprehension
... constitutes a semantic anomaly. This, in effect, is the distinction between the linguistic and the non-linguistic aspects of the lexical representation of a verb. The anomaly-or the “oddness”-of “John buried the guitar” cannot be part of the linguistic specification of the semantics of the lexical i ...
... constitutes a semantic anomaly. This, in effect, is the distinction between the linguistic and the non-linguistic aspects of the lexical representation of a verb. The anomaly-or the “oddness”-of “John buried the guitar” cannot be part of the linguistic specification of the semantics of the lexical i ...
What is Syntax? - Columbia University
... – VP-ellipsis (He cleaned the carpet quickly, and so did she ) – Adjuncts can occur before and after VP, but not in VP (He often eats beans, *he eats often beans ) • NB: VP cannot be represented in a dependency representation ...
... – VP-ellipsis (He cleaned the carpet quickly, and so did she ) – Adjuncts can occur before and after VP, but not in VP (He often eats beans, *he eats often beans ) • NB: VP cannot be represented in a dependency representation ...