Final Presentations Abstract Book(1.3 Mb .pdb file)
... processed and packaged into vesicles for secretion. When cells are infected by viruses, the cells produce cytokines and display viral peptides on major histocompatibility complex molecules to induce an immune response. Picornovirus 3A inhibits the host cell immune response by interrupting this commu ...
... processed and packaged into vesicles for secretion. When cells are infected by viruses, the cells produce cytokines and display viral peptides on major histocompatibility complex molecules to induce an immune response. Picornovirus 3A inhibits the host cell immune response by interrupting this commu ...
Signaling through Human CD21 Induces HERV-K18
... Human CD21 (hCD21), also known as Complement Receptor 2, mediates EBV- binding to B cells. By bridging innate to adaptive immunity, CD21 plays a pivotal role in the immune response to foreign pathogens. We discovered that the HERV-K18 transcript is up-regulated in tonsil cells 30 min after incubatio ...
... Human CD21 (hCD21), also known as Complement Receptor 2, mediates EBV- binding to B cells. By bridging innate to adaptive immunity, CD21 plays a pivotal role in the immune response to foreign pathogens. We discovered that the HERV-K18 transcript is up-regulated in tonsil cells 30 min after incubatio ...
The Cell, 5e
... Growth factor binds; self-phosphorylation of RTK Adaptor proteins bind to P-tyr through SH2 domain Convey signal to membrane-bound Ras GTP activates Ras (small GTP-binding protein), Activated Ras binds Raf, signals via MAP kinase pathway ...
... Growth factor binds; self-phosphorylation of RTK Adaptor proteins bind to P-tyr through SH2 domain Convey signal to membrane-bound Ras GTP activates Ras (small GTP-binding protein), Activated Ras binds Raf, signals via MAP kinase pathway ...
Cell signaling by chemical messengers
... several proteins, including protein kinases and phosphatases: Calmodulin is activated when Ca2+ concentration increases. Ca2+/calmodulin binds to target proteins, e.g. some protein kinases CaM kinase family activated by Ca2+/calmodulin; phosphorylates metabolic enzymes, ion channels, transcription ...
... several proteins, including protein kinases and phosphatases: Calmodulin is activated when Ca2+ concentration increases. Ca2+/calmodulin binds to target proteins, e.g. some protein kinases CaM kinase family activated by Ca2+/calmodulin; phosphorylates metabolic enzymes, ion channels, transcription ...
Signal Transduction
... All the cells of their different organs communicating effectively with their surroundings. Once a cell picks up a hormonal or sensory signal, it must transmit this information from the surface to the interior parts of the cell— Example, to the nucleus. This occurs via signal transduction pathw ...
... All the cells of their different organs communicating effectively with their surroundings. Once a cell picks up a hormonal or sensory signal, it must transmit this information from the surface to the interior parts of the cell— Example, to the nucleus. This occurs via signal transduction pathw ...
GPCRs10
... crystal structure of a human β2-adrenergic receptor–T4 lysozyme fusion protein bound to the partial inverse agonist carazolol at 2.4 angstrom resolution. The structure provides a high-resolution view of a human G protein–coupled receptor bound to a diffusible ligand. Ligand-binding site accessibilit ...
... crystal structure of a human β2-adrenergic receptor–T4 lysozyme fusion protein bound to the partial inverse agonist carazolol at 2.4 angstrom resolution. The structure provides a high-resolution view of a human G protein–coupled receptor bound to a diffusible ligand. Ligand-binding site accessibilit ...
cell surface receptors
... Ligands in ECM – collagen, fibronectin, and laminin Important for cellular processes including: cell adhesion, cell migration, signal transduction, and cell growth/death ...
... Ligands in ECM – collagen, fibronectin, and laminin Important for cellular processes including: cell adhesion, cell migration, signal transduction, and cell growth/death ...
Fundamentals of Cell Biology
... Figure 11.02: Signaling pathways use linear, convergent, divergent, and branched signaling pathways to generate complex responses to external signals. ...
... Figure 11.02: Signaling pathways use linear, convergent, divergent, and branched signaling pathways to generate complex responses to external signals. ...
Effector Mechanisms of Immune Responses
... opsonization of an antigen • Explain the different mechanisms of complement ...
... opsonization of an antigen • Explain the different mechanisms of complement ...
Cell Signaling
... phospholipase C to produce two more messengers which will open Ca channels. The signal receptor may be a G protein or a tyrosine kinase receptor. ...
... phospholipase C to produce two more messengers which will open Ca channels. The signal receptor may be a G protein or a tyrosine kinase receptor. ...
Cell Signaling (BIO-203) - Lectures For UG-5
... binding of both hormones activates adenylyl cyclase and thus triggers the same metabolic responses. Both types of receptors interact with and activate Gs, converting the inactive Gs · GDP to the active Gsα · GTP form. Activation of adenylyl cyclase, and thus the cAMP level, is proportional to the to ...
... binding of both hormones activates adenylyl cyclase and thus triggers the same metabolic responses. Both types of receptors interact with and activate Gs, converting the inactive Gs · GDP to the active Gsα · GTP form. Activation of adenylyl cyclase, and thus the cAMP level, is proportional to the to ...
Chemical messengers 2007
... Cell responses to the messenger • Responses to the messenger can include changes in: – The permeability, transport properties or electrical state of the membrane – The cell’s metabolism – What the cell secretes – The cell’s rate of division (mitosis) – The cell’s contractile (contracting or relaxin ...
... Cell responses to the messenger • Responses to the messenger can include changes in: – The permeability, transport properties or electrical state of the membrane – The cell’s metabolism – What the cell secretes – The cell’s rate of division (mitosis) – The cell’s contractile (contracting or relaxin ...
Signal, reception, transduction
... • The G protein can also act as a GTPase enzyme and hydrolyzes the GTP, which activated it, to GDP. • This change turns the G protein off. ...
... • The G protein can also act as a GTPase enzyme and hydrolyzes the GTP, which activated it, to GDP. • This change turns the G protein off. ...
perspective - Pseudomonas syringae Genome Resources Home Page
... receptors (TLRs) functions directly or indirectly as PRRs for microbeassociated molecules8–13. Study of conserved TLR signaling pathways has served as a paradigm for insights that can be gained due to evolutionary conservation of innate immune signaling components14,15. Initially, the Toll pathway w ...
... receptors (TLRs) functions directly or indirectly as PRRs for microbeassociated molecules8–13. Study of conserved TLR signaling pathways has served as a paradigm for insights that can be gained due to evolutionary conservation of innate immune signaling components14,15. Initially, the Toll pathway w ...
P024 The role of ERK1/2 in cellular responses to ER stress Nicola
... endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress stimuli that cause protein oxidation, misfolding or aggregation. Mild or short term ER stress activates the UPR through IRE1, PERK or ATF6 to promote cell survival and adaptation. Following chronic ER stress, cells activate JNK and also up-regulate the bZip transcri ...
... endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress stimuli that cause protein oxidation, misfolding or aggregation. Mild or short term ER stress activates the UPR through IRE1, PERK or ATF6 to promote cell survival and adaptation. Following chronic ER stress, cells activate JNK and also up-regulate the bZip transcri ...
GPCR and G Proteins
... The first of these was discovered as a factor required for the ADP ribosylation of the -subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein Gs by cholera toxin. were critical components of several vesicular trafficking pathways Also involved in insulin signaling Strong activator of phospholipase D contain pleck ...
... The first of these was discovered as a factor required for the ADP ribosylation of the -subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein Gs by cholera toxin. were critical components of several vesicular trafficking pathways Also involved in insulin signaling Strong activator of phospholipase D contain pleck ...
课件三
... Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), which bind to peptide/protein hormones, may exist as dimers or dimerize during binding to ligands. Ligand binding leads to activation of the kinase activity of the receptor and autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues in its cytosolic domain (see Figure 20-31). The ...
... Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), which bind to peptide/protein hormones, may exist as dimers or dimerize during binding to ligands. Ligand binding leads to activation of the kinase activity of the receptor and autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues in its cytosolic domain (see Figure 20-31). The ...
1. dia
... • The earliest scientific paper recorded in the MEDLINE database as containing the specific term signal transduction within its text was published in 1972. • Research papers directly addressing signal transduction processes began to appear in large numbers in the scientific literature in the late 19 ...
... • The earliest scientific paper recorded in the MEDLINE database as containing the specific term signal transduction within its text was published in 1972. • Research papers directly addressing signal transduction processes began to appear in large numbers in the scientific literature in the late 19 ...
Principles of Biochemistry
... Turn off of the signal (cont.): 3. Hormone Receptor desensitization occurs. This process varies with the hormone. Some receptors are phosphorylated via Gprotein-coupled receptor kinases. The phosphorylated receptor may then bind to a protein arrestin that blocks receptor-Gprotein activation & ...
... Turn off of the signal (cont.): 3. Hormone Receptor desensitization occurs. This process varies with the hormone. Some receptors are phosphorylated via Gprotein-coupled receptor kinases. The phosphorylated receptor may then bind to a protein arrestin that blocks receptor-Gprotein activation & ...
The STAT family
... The specificity of response among different ligands can be partially explained by the choice of DNA binding partner proteins. For example, activin activation of SMADs results in combinations with FAST1 and a particular set of genes is activated. Signaling by BMP ligands results in association of a ...
... The specificity of response among different ligands can be partially explained by the choice of DNA binding partner proteins. For example, activin activation of SMADs results in combinations with FAST1 and a particular set of genes is activated. Signaling by BMP ligands results in association of a ...
Presentation (PowerPoint File) - IPAM
... – adhesive matrix proteins – bind these components to receptors on the cell surface – different combinations result in unique ECM compositions which can directly affect the activity of the cells – the interaction of ECM components with specific CAMs (i.e. ECM receptors) can turn certain signaling pa ...
... – adhesive matrix proteins – bind these components to receptors on the cell surface – different combinations result in unique ECM compositions which can directly affect the activity of the cells – the interaction of ECM components with specific CAMs (i.e. ECM receptors) can turn certain signaling pa ...
G-protein-mediated pathway
... Activated MEK then phosphorylates another protein kinase called MAPK causing its activation. This series of phosphylating activations is called a kinase cascade. It results in amplification of the signal ...
... Activated MEK then phosphorylates another protein kinase called MAPK causing its activation. This series of phosphylating activations is called a kinase cascade. It results in amplification of the signal ...
The cell membrane
... NO reacts with iron bound to the active site of the enzyme guanylyl cyclase. This increases enzymatic activity, resulting in synthesis of the second messenger cyclic GMP, which induces muscle cell relaxation and blood vessel dilation. Another simple gas, carbon monoxide (CO), also functions as a sig ...
... NO reacts with iron bound to the active site of the enzyme guanylyl cyclase. This increases enzymatic activity, resulting in synthesis of the second messenger cyclic GMP, which induces muscle cell relaxation and blood vessel dilation. Another simple gas, carbon monoxide (CO), also functions as a sig ...
How do plants protect themselves against sunburn?
... light to produce sugar, while specific photoreceptors detect wavelengths that constitute signals for seed germination, flowering time or plant orientation relative to the sun. ‘Even the UV-B rays, although potentially very harmful, are used to influence the growth and development of plants. The latt ...
... light to produce sugar, while specific photoreceptors detect wavelengths that constitute signals for seed germination, flowering time or plant orientation relative to the sun. ‘Even the UV-B rays, although potentially very harmful, are used to influence the growth and development of plants. The latt ...
Toll-like receptor
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system. They are single, membrane-spanning, non-catalytic receptors usually expressed in sentinel cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, that recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes. Once these microbes have breached physical barriers such as the skin or intestinal tract mucosa, they are recognized by TLRs, which activate immune cell responses. The TLRs include TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, TLR10, TLR11, TLR12, and TLR13, though the latter three are not found in humans.They received their name from their similarity to the protein coded by the toll gene identified in Drosophila in 1985 by Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard. The researchers were so surprised that they spontaneously shouted out in German, ""Das ist ja toll!"" which translates as ""That's great!""