CO.04 NOVEL LYSSAVIRUS FROM A MINIOPTERUS
... Control and Prevention – Rabies Program, 2Massachusetts Department of Public Health A 63 year old male from Barnstable County, MA was evaluated at Massachusetts tertiary care facility for possible stroke and encephalitis. Although the patient’s first symptoms were joint stiffness, within 2 days the ...
... Control and Prevention – Rabies Program, 2Massachusetts Department of Public Health A 63 year old male from Barnstable County, MA was evaluated at Massachusetts tertiary care facility for possible stroke and encephalitis. Although the patient’s first symptoms were joint stiffness, within 2 days the ...
Licentiate thesis from the Department of Immunology,
... Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the world’s most serious infectious diseases. It is estimated that a third of the world’s population is latently infected and 8 million new cases are recorded each year. Although BCG vaccination triggers protective immune responses in the neonates, it confers protect ...
... Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the world’s most serious infectious diseases. It is estimated that a third of the world’s population is latently infected and 8 million new cases are recorded each year. Although BCG vaccination triggers protective immune responses in the neonates, it confers protect ...
Viruses in food : scientific advice to support risk management
... This report draws attention to the threat of viruses as a risk to public health when they are present in food. Viruses require special attention because they behave differently from bacteria, and because currently used control measures typically either have not been validated and there is not a good ...
... This report draws attention to the threat of viruses as a risk to public health when they are present in food. Viruses require special attention because they behave differently from bacteria, and because currently used control measures typically either have not been validated and there is not a good ...
edward jenner - Cambridge University Press
... extent that only a single pustule was produced at the site ofinoculation and this was achieved by taking the virus from the site of a previous inoculation. Adams repeated the same experiment at the beginning of the nineteenth century and was able to produce a whole series of cases in which there was ...
... extent that only a single pustule was produced at the site ofinoculation and this was achieved by taking the virus from the site of a previous inoculation. Adams repeated the same experiment at the beginning of the nineteenth century and was able to produce a whole series of cases in which there was ...
Micro Chapter 12 [4-20
... Group A infections in deeper layers of skin cause erysipelas and cellulitis Rarely, group A strep can reach the fascial planes between the skin and muscle, usually from a breach through the skin (like a bug bite) o In these cases infection may spread rapidly from the initial site of infection Group ...
... Group A infections in deeper layers of skin cause erysipelas and cellulitis Rarely, group A strep can reach the fascial planes between the skin and muscle, usually from a breach through the skin (like a bug bite) o In these cases infection may spread rapidly from the initial site of infection Group ...
Murine Typhus: An Unrecognized Suburban Vectorborne Disease
... cat flea is prevalent worldwide and is an indiscriminate feeder. It commonly parasitizes cats, dogs, opossums, and many animals of similar size, but it will readily switch to different hosts and will readily bite humans [9, 11, 22]. Studies of the presence of R. felis in the suburban cycle have foun ...
... cat flea is prevalent worldwide and is an indiscriminate feeder. It commonly parasitizes cats, dogs, opossums, and many animals of similar size, but it will readily switch to different hosts and will readily bite humans [9, 11, 22]. Studies of the presence of R. felis in the suburban cycle have foun ...
Tattooing and the risk of transmission of hepatitis C
... There has been an increase in the global prevalence of tattooing in recent years. In the USA, 36% of people under 30 have tattoos.1 Studies from Canada indicate that around 8% of high school students have at least one tattoo,2,3 and among those who did not have a tattoo, 21% were eager to have one. ...
... There has been an increase in the global prevalence of tattooing in recent years. In the USA, 36% of people under 30 have tattoos.1 Studies from Canada indicate that around 8% of high school students have at least one tattoo,2,3 and among those who did not have a tattoo, 21% were eager to have one. ...
Chapter_024 - IHMC Public Cmaps (2)
... 80% of initial and 98% of recurrent infections are type 2 ...
... 80% of initial and 98% of recurrent infections are type 2 ...
Rickettsial Pathogens and their Arthropod Vectors
... breakdown of social, economic, or political systems, as exemplified by recent outbreaks in Burundi and remote parts of South America. Therefore, active surveillance to monitor louse-borne typhus and prevent its spread is indicated. In contrast to louse-borne typhus, murine typhus is prevalent throug ...
... breakdown of social, economic, or political systems, as exemplified by recent outbreaks in Burundi and remote parts of South America. Therefore, active surveillance to monitor louse-borne typhus and prevent its spread is indicated. In contrast to louse-borne typhus, murine typhus is prevalent throug ...
human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Testing
... (EIA) which are used to confirm exposure of an individual’s immune system to specific viral antigens. These assays may be formatted to detect HIV-1, HIV-2, or HIV-1 and 2 simultaneously and to detect both IgM and IgG. When the initial EIA test is repeatedly positive or indeterminate, an alternative ...
... (EIA) which are used to confirm exposure of an individual’s immune system to specific viral antigens. These assays may be formatted to detect HIV-1, HIV-2, or HIV-1 and 2 simultaneously and to detect both IgM and IgG. When the initial EIA test is repeatedly positive or indeterminate, an alternative ...
Swine Influenza A (H1N1 Virus): A Pandemic Disease
... syndrome, a paralyzing neuromuscular disorder, affecting some people who had received swine flu immunizations. This syndrome is a rare side effect of modern influenza vaccines, with an incidence of about one case per million vaccinations.[72] As a result, Di Justo writes that “the public refused to ...
... syndrome, a paralyzing neuromuscular disorder, affecting some people who had received swine flu immunizations. This syndrome is a rare side effect of modern influenza vaccines, with an incidence of about one case per million vaccinations.[72] As a result, Di Justo writes that “the public refused to ...
Low hepatitis B immunogenicity of a hexavalent vaccine widely used
... with monovalent hepatitis B vaccinees during childhood [19, 20]. In 2005, the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) suspended the marketing authorization for Hexavac due to precautionary concerns about the long-term persistence of immunogenicity of the hepatitis B component of the vaccine [21, 22]. Addit ...
... with monovalent hepatitis B vaccinees during childhood [19, 20]. In 2005, the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) suspended the marketing authorization for Hexavac due to precautionary concerns about the long-term persistence of immunogenicity of the hepatitis B component of the vaccine [21, 22]. Addit ...
Listeria monocytogenes meningitis in the elderly: epidemiological
... After cell invasion, adjacent cells are invaded through plasma membrane protrusions and therefore cell-to-cell spread occurs without exposition to the extracellular environment so that, through this cycle, L. monocytogenes can escape to the human immune system [25]. The invaded cells can cross the i ...
... After cell invasion, adjacent cells are invaded through plasma membrane protrusions and therefore cell-to-cell spread occurs without exposition to the extracellular environment so that, through this cycle, L. monocytogenes can escape to the human immune system [25]. The invaded cells can cross the i ...
ภาพนิ่ง 1 - Mahidol University
... illness in children between 6 months and 5 years of age in the absence of an identifiable cause. Febrile seizures are the most common type of seizure in young children, with a 2% to 5% incidence of children experiencing at least one seizure before the age of 5 years. ...
... illness in children between 6 months and 5 years of age in the absence of an identifiable cause. Febrile seizures are the most common type of seizure in young children, with a 2% to 5% incidence of children experiencing at least one seizure before the age of 5 years. ...
vaccine information
... circulating anywhere in the world. Only one human disease has ever been eradicated – this example is smallpox, against which we no longer need to vaccinate. There are 3 strains of wild type polio virus, types 1, 2 and 3. Wild poliovirus type 2 was eradicated, and last seen in 1999. Wild poliovirus t ...
... circulating anywhere in the world. Only one human disease has ever been eradicated – this example is smallpox, against which we no longer need to vaccinate. There are 3 strains of wild type polio virus, types 1, 2 and 3. Wild poliovirus type 2 was eradicated, and last seen in 1999. Wild poliovirus t ...
i3531e08
... Developed poultry industries are characterized by on-site biosecurity programmes, which are designed to prevent or minimize incursions by known infectious diseases. These programmes are supported by close veterinary and laboratory surveillance for poultry health. A newly emergent disease can therefo ...
... Developed poultry industries are characterized by on-site biosecurity programmes, which are designed to prevent or minimize incursions by known infectious diseases. These programmes are supported by close veterinary and laboratory surveillance for poultry health. A newly emergent disease can therefo ...
- International Journal of Infectious Diseases
... Exclusively during the dry season and in addition to hyperendemic incidence, epidemics may occur in some communities of the meningitis belt in given years (Figure 1b). On the district level, weekly incidence rates of 10 per 100 000 are considered epidemic. In Burkina Faso during January through May ...
... Exclusively during the dry season and in addition to hyperendemic incidence, epidemics may occur in some communities of the meningitis belt in given years (Figure 1b). On the district level, weekly incidence rates of 10 per 100 000 are considered epidemic. In Burkina Faso during January through May ...
persistence, distribution and immunopathogenesis of infectious
... DPI 3 in thigh muscles and only one breast muscle sample was RT-PCR positive at DPI 14. The IN strain was not detected in thigh muscles while it was detected in breast muscles up to two weeks post-inoculation (PI) in commercial chickens. Whereas in SPF chickens, the vRNA of STC and IN strains were d ...
... DPI 3 in thigh muscles and only one breast muscle sample was RT-PCR positive at DPI 14. The IN strain was not detected in thigh muscles while it was detected in breast muscles up to two weeks post-inoculation (PI) in commercial chickens. Whereas in SPF chickens, the vRNA of STC and IN strains were d ...
attachment 1
... affect the way a pathogen may behave with embryos, eg, foot and mouth disease virus is more easily washed from bovine embryos than porcine embryos. Although a number of different pathogenic agents have been reported in the semen of bulls, most were found in the seminal fluid or leucocytes rather tha ...
... affect the way a pathogen may behave with embryos, eg, foot and mouth disease virus is more easily washed from bovine embryos than porcine embryos. Although a number of different pathogenic agents have been reported in the semen of bulls, most were found in the seminal fluid or leucocytes rather tha ...
Chickenpox
Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV). The disease results in a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which eventually scab over. It usually starts on the face, chest, and back and then spreads to the rest of the body. Other symptoms may include fever, feeling tired, and headaches. Symptoms usually last five to ten days. Complications may occasionally include pneumonia, inflammation of the brain, or bacterial infections of the skin among others. The disease is often more severe in adults than children. Symptoms begin ten to twenty one days after exposure to the virus.Chickenpox is an airborne disease which spreads easily through the coughs and sneezes of an infected person. It may be spread from one to two days before the rash appears until all lesions have crusted over. It may also spread through contact with the blisters. Those with shingles may spread chickenpox to those who are not immune through contact with the blisters. The disease can usually be diagnosed based on the presenting symptom; however, in unusual cases may be confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of the blister fluid or scabs. Testing for antibodies may be done to determine if a person is or is not immune. People usually only get the disease once.The varicella vaccine has resulted in a decrease in the number of cases and complications from the disease. It protects about 70 to 90 percent of people from disease with a greater benefit for severe disease. Routine immunization of children is recommended in many countries. Immunization within three days of exposure may improve outcomes in children. Treatment of those infected may include calamine lotion to help with itching, keeping the fingernails short to decrease injury from scratching, and the use of paracetamol (acetaminophen) to help with fevers. For those at increased risk of complications antiviral medication such as aciclovir are recommended.Chickenpox occurs in all parts of the world. Before routine immunization the number of cases occurring each year was similar to the number of people born. Since immunization the number of infections in the United States has decreased nearly 90%. In 2013 chickenpox resulted in 7,000 deaths globally – down from 8,900 in 1990. Death occurs in about 1 per 60,000 cases. Chickenpox was not separated from smallpox until the late 19th century. In 1888 its connection to shingles was determined. The first documented use of the term chicken pox was in 1658. Various explanations have been suggested for the use of ""chicken"" in the name, one being the relative mildness of the disease.