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bio-carbon - Tola Organics
bio-carbon - Tola Organics

... which has been described as the microbial reef habitat. ...
Chapter 2-section 3 geology notes
Chapter 2-section 3 geology notes

... III. How does conservation plowing help conserve soil? The previous year’s crop residue protects the soil. A. Contour plowing- farmers plow their fields along the curves of a slope t o slow runoff of excess rainfall. B. Conservation plowing- farmers disturb the soil and plant cover as little as poss ...
Interdependence of Plants and Animals
Interdependence of Plants and Animals

... surface, called plant or leaf litter, as well as the bodies of dead organisms, is collectively called detritus, and becomes food for various organisms called detritivores. They chew it up into smaller pieces, and leave fecal wastes that then become for other organisms. Some of these organisms are ea ...
Chapter 10
Chapter 10

... of great significance in agriculture. Rhizo: Bacterial plays a very important role in agriculture by inducing nitrogen fixings nodules on the root of legumes such as peas & alfalfa. Azotobactor: Azotobactor fixes the atmospheric nitrogen in the soil and make it available to the plants. It protects t ...
Community Ecology – Succession
Community Ecology – Succession

... Communities are not static; they are constantly changing. As organisms die, new ones are born. Nutrients cycle within communities as energy passes through them. The process by which communities develop is called succession, or ecosystem development. The end point of the successional process is a cli ...
1-20-15 About 2 inches of soil across the earth Soil
1-20-15 About 2 inches of soil across the earth Soil

... About 2 inches of soil across the earth Soil - a complex plant supporting system made up of disintegrated rock, remains and wastes of organisms, water, gases, nutrients, and micro organisms. About 38% of earth's surface (land) is used for agriculture. Forestry Soil cycles nutrients Flow of energy Me ...
Invertebrate unit
Invertebrate unit

... 1. Thick outer covering (cuticle) to protect them from harsh environment ex. Stomach acid 2. Move bodies with thrashing motion 3. Free living-Decomposers and predators (tremendously abundant) 4. Parasitic- ex. Ascaris, hookworm, heartworm-host is dog 5. Sexually reproduce: • most are separate sexes ...
Chapter 26
Chapter 26

... breathing passages where they are swallowed, thus perpetuating the cycle. Females lay hundreds of thousands of eggs each day and can reach nearly 30 centimeters in length (Raven et al. 746). ...
to file
to file

... A: Endoderm Q: Process of taking fluid droplets in Amoeba A: Pinocytosis Q: Typical reproduction in Amoeba A: Fission Q: Stigma in phytomastigophora A: Eyespot Q: Volvox is a _____________ A: Colonial phytomastigophore Q: Positive photoaxis means that animal is…? A: Drawn to light Q: Vegetative (som ...
Department of Soil Quality SOQ Newsletter 7, May 2015
Department of Soil Quality SOQ Newsletter 7, May 2015

... My professional interests concern the problems of nutrient and energy flow in ecosystems. Although initially I was trained in animal physiology and have some background in molecular techniques I do mostly stoichiometric analyses of plant and animal material. Currently I use soil invertebrates to sol ...
Summative Assessment Questions on Soils (LCA Ag,Hort Basic Hort
Summative Assessment Questions on Soils (LCA Ag,Hort Basic Hort

... 1. A good fertile soil provides plants with what? 2. List the constituents of a fertile soil. 3. Name the three main soil types. 4. Soils can have different pH. What does pH mean when referring to soils? 5. Which type of soil is good for crops? 6. Where would you find acid soils? 7. Why is lime adde ...
Healthy Soils are: Full of Life - National Resources Conservation
Healthy Soils are: Full of Life - National Resources Conservation

... biomass anywhere on the planet. Bacteria, algae, microscopic insects, earthworms, beetles, ants, mites, and fungi are among them. All together, their value has been estimated at $1.5 trillion a year worldwide. Estimates vary, but if you could weigh all the organisms in the top six inches of soil on ...
Chapter 11 - s3.amazonaws.com
Chapter 11 - s3.amazonaws.com

... Commonly called horsehair worms or Gordian worms  Up to 1m long, but very slender animals (1-3mm)  Free-living as adults  Often find adults in very clean streams  Juveniles are parasitic in arthropods (beetles, cockroach) ...
PSEUDOCOELOMATE LABORATORY Phylum Gastrotricha 1
PSEUDOCOELOMATE LABORATORY Phylum Gastrotricha 1

... cuticles form relatively rigid exoskeleton, they must be periodically shed (molted) to allow for growth. Nematodes do not have a circular muscle layer. Movement is brought about by contraction of longitudinal muscles only which are opposed by pressure within the pseudocoel. In life the pseudocoel is ...
What`s in an ecosystem? - dpsrenenvironmentalscience
What`s in an ecosystem? - dpsrenenvironmentalscience

... •They’re able to exploit a wide range of food resources either as direct or indirect herbivores, predators and scavengers. Most species are omnivorous generalists but a few are specialist feeders. •It was 2 of them but they weren’t interacting with each ...
THE EFFECT OF AGRICULTURE
THE EFFECT OF AGRICULTURE

... fertile topsoil by the weathering action of rain and wind. Soil erosion is enchanced by poor agricultural practices. ...
Scheck-Diagnosing Strawberry Root and Crown Diseases
Scheck-Diagnosing Strawberry Root and Crown Diseases

... Soil Borne Pathogens- Culturing • Non-selective media – generally supportive to bacterial and fungal growth, favors saprophytes (soil is dirty) • Semi-selective or selective media adds anti-bacterials or antifungals, surfactants, amino acids, or sugars - available for some pathogens not all, value ...
Soil
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... A part of soil made up of medium sized grains (smaller than gravel). ...
Soil Study Guide
Soil Study Guide

... plants and animals. 4. Rocks are made of minerals. 5. Silt is fine particles of soil that are carried along by flowing water and settle at the bottom of a lake or river. 6. Loam is the best soil for plants to grow in, especially vegetables. 7. Sandy soil has large grains and does not hold water well ...
organic spotlight
organic spotlight

... Made from natural sources, Growth Products Organic and all-natural products feed your plants while creating nutrient rich soil. Certified BioBased by the USDA, these products are good for your crops and the environment. ...
New soil test - Washtenaw County
New soil test - Washtenaw County

... Cost: Mailers for landscapes, vegetable & flower gardens are available at your local MSU Extension office for $25.00. Sampling: for garden soils, sample 6 inches to 8 inches deep. For lawns, lift the sod and sample 3 inches deep. Take 15 or 20 sub samples in the area you are testing and mix them tho ...
Earthworms in the Non-glaciated Americas
Earthworms in the Non-glaciated Americas

... global in scope, and is the subject of some recent debate. On one hand, earthworms are consideredtobeindicatorsofgoodsoilqualityduetotheirpositiveeffectsonwaterrelations, nutrientavailability,etc.,butontheotherhand,introducedearthwormsdonotalwayshave str ...
493-1
493-1

... Abstract: The increase on the global demand of grains, cattle, and wood has focused studies to identify sustainable cultivation systems aiming to maximize the production and use of the soil. Among these systems, the ICLF (Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forest Systems), allows the production of grains, me ...
Ch 15 Pseudocoelomate Animals
Ch 15 Pseudocoelomate Animals

... 1. Phyla related based on anatomy, pseudocoelom, cuticle, muscular pharynx, and adhesive glands. 2. Phyla not related, thus are polyphyletic absence in single unique feature  independent evolution a. similarities result of convergent evolution in similar environments. ...
Geography
Geography

... • Soil: loose mixture of weathered rock, organic matter, air ...
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Entomopathogenic nematode



Entomopathogenic nematodes are a group of nematodes (thread worms), causing death to insects. The term entomopathogenic has a Greek origin entomon, refers to insect, and pathogenic, which denotes causing disease. They are multi-cellular metazoans that occupy a bio control middle ground between microbial pathogens and predator/ parasitoids, and are habitually grouped with pathogens, most likely because of their symbiotic relationship with bacteria. Although many other parasitic thread worms cause diseases in living organisms(sterilizing or otherwise debilitating their host),entomopathogenic nematodes, are specific in only infecting insects. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) live parasitically inside the infected insect host, and so they are termed as endoparasitic. They infect many different types of insects living in the soil like the larval forms of moths, butterflies,flies and beetles as well as adult forms of beetles,grasshoppers and crickets. EPNs have been found in all over the world and a range of ecologically diverse habitats. They are highly diverse, complex and specialized. The most commonly studied entomopathogenic nematodes are those that can be used in the biological control of harmful insects, the members of Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae (Gaugler 2006). They are the only insect-parasitic nematodes possessing an optimal balance of biological control attributes. (Cranshaw & Zimmerman 2013).
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