Serological reactions
... • However, a number of agents can cause agglutination of RBCs like plant lectins, viruses etc. Thus all haemagglutination reactions are not immunological reactions. • Interestingly, this agglutination of RBCs by viruses can be inhibited by antibodies specific to the viral agent leading to “haemagglu ...
... • However, a number of agents can cause agglutination of RBCs like plant lectins, viruses etc. Thus all haemagglutination reactions are not immunological reactions. • Interestingly, this agglutination of RBCs by viruses can be inhibited by antibodies specific to the viral agent leading to “haemagglu ...
Arboviruses
... Rubella (German measles) is a common mild disease characterized by a rash. It affects children and adolescents worldwide and can also affect young adults. When rubella virus infects susceptible women early in pregnancy, it may be transmitted to the fetus and may cause birth defects. Therefore, accur ...
... Rubella (German measles) is a common mild disease characterized by a rash. It affects children and adolescents worldwide and can also affect young adults. When rubella virus infects susceptible women early in pregnancy, it may be transmitted to the fetus and may cause birth defects. Therefore, accur ...
Overview of Avian Influenza
... Vaccination • Proper vaccination programs must also include good surveillance, education, quarantines and animal movement controls • Vaccination can be used to reduce the susceptible population, and when used with stamping out may be an effective tool • Vaccination without the proper controls may r ...
... Vaccination • Proper vaccination programs must also include good surveillance, education, quarantines and animal movement controls • Vaccination can be used to reduce the susceptible population, and when used with stamping out may be an effective tool • Vaccination without the proper controls may r ...
feline infectious peritonitis
... or chest, and some changes may be found on routine blood analysis but none of these findings provide conclusive proof of FIP (other disease can also cause the same abnormalities). If fluid is present, it is possible to remove some for analysis in a laboratory, which can be particularly valuable as ...
... or chest, and some changes may be found on routine blood analysis but none of these findings provide conclusive proof of FIP (other disease can also cause the same abnormalities). If fluid is present, it is possible to remove some for analysis in a laboratory, which can be particularly valuable as ...
FAB-FIP - Ark Veterinary Centre
... Another blood test that is commonly performed is to look for antibodies against FIP virus in the blood (‘coronavirus serology’). It is important to understand that this test too has limitations, and a positive result only means that a cat has been exposed to either FIPV or one of the other closely ...
... Another blood test that is commonly performed is to look for antibodies against FIP virus in the blood (‘coronavirus serology’). It is important to understand that this test too has limitations, and a positive result only means that a cat has been exposed to either FIPV or one of the other closely ...
OMB No. 0925-0046, Biographical Sketch Format Page
... Teshale EH. HCV infection prevalence lower than expected among 18-40-year-old injection drug users in San Diego, California. Journal of Urban Health, 2013;(90)3:516-528. PMCID: PMC3665980 3. Health Policy & Prevention. Empirical evidence is crucial for guiding health policy. Throughout my research c ...
... Teshale EH. HCV infection prevalence lower than expected among 18-40-year-old injection drug users in San Diego, California. Journal of Urban Health, 2013;(90)3:516-528. PMCID: PMC3665980 3. Health Policy & Prevention. Empirical evidence is crucial for guiding health policy. Throughout my research c ...
Document
... HCV induces chronic liver disease, which is characterized by a persistent hepatic parenchyma inflammatory process that may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. Genetic differences among the infected hosts can determine the progression of the infection, causing different individuals to respond ...
... HCV induces chronic liver disease, which is characterized by a persistent hepatic parenchyma inflammatory process that may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. Genetic differences among the infected hosts can determine the progression of the infection, causing different individuals to respond ...
MICR 454L - Cal State LA - Instructional Web Server
... Changing one’s coat. Trypanosomes and other microorganiams can form new surface antigens not recognized by antibodies. This is an important evasion strategy. ...
... Changing one’s coat. Trypanosomes and other microorganiams can form new surface antigens not recognized by antibodies. This is an important evasion strategy. ...
CASE # 3
... Adult hydroceles are usually late-onset (secondary). Late-onset hydroceles may present acutely from local injury, infections, and radiotherapy; they may present chronically from gradual fluid accumulation. Morbidity may result from chronic infection after surgical repair. Hydrocele can adversely a ...
... Adult hydroceles are usually late-onset (secondary). Late-onset hydroceles may present acutely from local injury, infections, and radiotherapy; they may present chronically from gradual fluid accumulation. Morbidity may result from chronic infection after surgical repair. Hydrocele can adversely a ...
Molecular pharming: Plant production of vaccines, antibodies
... animal disease. It is estimated that approximately 1000 therapeutic recombinant antibodies are under development, up to one quarter of which may already be undergoing clinical trials. A large proportion of these antibodies recognize cancer antigens but others have been developed for the diagnosis an ...
... animal disease. It is estimated that approximately 1000 therapeutic recombinant antibodies are under development, up to one quarter of which may already be undergoing clinical trials. A large proportion of these antibodies recognize cancer antigens but others have been developed for the diagnosis an ...
Infections
... Measles (Rubeola) Encephalitis in 1 in 1,000 cases Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in 1 in 1,000,000 cases ...
... Measles (Rubeola) Encephalitis in 1 in 1,000 cases Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in 1 in 1,000,000 cases ...
Australian Veterinary Poultry Association Meeting , Melbourne
... been isolated from this outbreak in the Melbourne and Shepparton areas of Victoria which has killed 50-100% of infected pigeons • The origin of the virus has not been determined but molecularly it is similar to European PPMV-1 viruses • While the existing AAHL tests developed with the support of ind ...
... been isolated from this outbreak in the Melbourne and Shepparton areas of Victoria which has killed 50-100% of infected pigeons • The origin of the virus has not been determined but molecularly it is similar to European PPMV-1 viruses • While the existing AAHL tests developed with the support of ind ...
Lymphatic filariasis fact sheet pdf, 140kb - WHO South
... Lymphatic filariasis (LF) or elephantiasis is one of the most debilitating and disfiguring scourge among all diseases. It is a major public health problem in many South‐East Asian countries. Nine out of the 11 countries in the Region are known to be endemic for filariasis. The infect ...
... Lymphatic filariasis (LF) or elephantiasis is one of the most debilitating and disfiguring scourge among all diseases. It is a major public health problem in many South‐East Asian countries. Nine out of the 11 countries in the Region are known to be endemic for filariasis. The infect ...
Pathogenesis and Treatment of Hepatitis E Virus Infection
... transfusions in India,35 Hong Kong,36 and Japan.37 Interestingly, transfusion-associated HEV infections were also reported in nonhyperendemic European countries, such as Great Britain38 and France.39 A recent study showed that 1 of 7986 and 1 of 4525 plasma donations tested positive for HEV RNA in S ...
... transfusions in India,35 Hong Kong,36 and Japan.37 Interestingly, transfusion-associated HEV infections were also reported in nonhyperendemic European countries, such as Great Britain38 and France.39 A recent study showed that 1 of 7986 and 1 of 4525 plasma donations tested positive for HEV RNA in S ...
Cats and pregnant women – Toxoplasmosis
... factor for T gondii infection – see study in the British Medical Journal (Cook et al. 2000). Cats are most at risk of getting infected when they are young kittens on an early hunting expedition. Even then, the kitten only sheds T gondii oocysts for a couple of weeks. Following infection, a cat is ex ...
... factor for T gondii infection – see study in the British Medical Journal (Cook et al. 2000). Cats are most at risk of getting infected when they are young kittens on an early hunting expedition. Even then, the kitten only sheds T gondii oocysts for a couple of weeks. Following infection, a cat is ex ...
Inactivation of classical swine fever virus in porcine casing
... Feeding pigs with human food waste that contains pig casings may then spread the virus to CSF-free animals. Casings derived from a pig experimentally infected with CSF by dosing with 106 tissue culture infectious doses (TCID50) of the highly virulent CSF virus strain “Koslov”, were treated with phos ...
... Feeding pigs with human food waste that contains pig casings may then spread the virus to CSF-free animals. Casings derived from a pig experimentally infected with CSF by dosing with 106 tissue culture infectious doses (TCID50) of the highly virulent CSF virus strain “Koslov”, were treated with phos ...
Livestock - diseases causing Abortion
... diseases that can cause abortions in cattle. It is generally accepted that a vaccination program targeted at reproductive diseases should include, at a minimum, Leptospirosis (usually 5 serovars are included). Long-term regulatory programs involving calfhood vaccination and testing and slaughter of ...
... diseases that can cause abortions in cattle. It is generally accepted that a vaccination program targeted at reproductive diseases should include, at a minimum, Leptospirosis (usually 5 serovars are included). Long-term regulatory programs involving calfhood vaccination and testing and slaughter of ...
Nova Scotia Guidelines for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
... Seasonal administration of palivizumab should be considered for children 24 months of age with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) / chronic lung disease (CLD) and who have required oxygen within 6 months preceding the RSV season (i.e. June 1st – November, 2014) or other pulmonary disorders requiring ...
... Seasonal administration of palivizumab should be considered for children 24 months of age with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) / chronic lung disease (CLD) and who have required oxygen within 6 months preceding the RSV season (i.e. June 1st – November, 2014) or other pulmonary disorders requiring ...
MUSC Occupational Bloodborne Pathogen Protocol
... HIV INFORMATION: HIV is spread through contact with certain body fluids from an infected person. This can occur during sexual intercourse, receiving infected blood products, exposure to blood and infectious body fluids, during the birth process, or by sharing needles for intravenous drug use. HIV is ...
... HIV INFORMATION: HIV is spread through contact with certain body fluids from an infected person. This can occur during sexual intercourse, receiving infected blood products, exposure to blood and infectious body fluids, during the birth process, or by sharing needles for intravenous drug use. HIV is ...
SARS防治分級因應措施對照摘要表
... Institutions and groups adopt the measures of taking body temperature of their members. ...
... Institutions and groups adopt the measures of taking body temperature of their members. ...
HERPES B-VIRUS EXPOSURE PROTOCOL
... the potential for false negative results is the most problematic aspect of interpreting herpes B virus tests because latently-infected individuals will only maintain an antibody response for a period of 6-12 months after viraemia and hence infected animals can test negative with antibody detection t ...
... the potential for false negative results is the most problematic aspect of interpreting herpes B virus tests because latently-infected individuals will only maintain an antibody response for a period of 6-12 months after viraemia and hence infected animals can test negative with antibody detection t ...
Anthropogenic factors responsible for emerging and re
... in around 250,000 people in USA in 1985 due to contaminated milk. Similarly, a widespread outbreak of Salmonella occurred in 1994, when ice cream premix was transported in tanker trucks that had not been thoroughly sanitized after transporting raw liquid egg19. In 1982 Escherichia coli O157 : H7 was ...
... in around 250,000 people in USA in 1985 due to contaminated milk. Similarly, a widespread outbreak of Salmonella occurred in 1994, when ice cream premix was transported in tanker trucks that had not been thoroughly sanitized after transporting raw liquid egg19. In 1982 Escherichia coli O157 : H7 was ...
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) which affects the liver. It can cause both acute and chronic infections. Many people have no symptoms during the initial infection. Some develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, feeling tired, dark urine and abdominal pain. Often these symptoms last a few weeks and rarely does the initial infection result in death. It may take 30 to 180 days for symptoms to begin. In those who get infected around the time of birth 90% develop chronic hepatitis B while less than 10% of those infected after the age of five do. Most of those with chronic disease have no symptoms; however, cirrhosis and liver cancer may eventually develop. These complications results in the death of 15 to 25% of those with chronic disease.The virus is transmitted by exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. Infection around the time of birth or from contact with other people's blood during childhood is the most frequent method by which hepatitis B is acquired in areas where the disease is common. In areas where the disease is rare, intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse are the most frequent routes of infection. Other risk factors include working in healthcare, blood transfusions, dialysis, living with an infected person, travel in countries where the infection rate is high, and living in an institution. Tattooing and acupuncture led to a significant number of cases in the 1980s; however, this has become less common with improved sterility. The hepatitis B viruses cannot be spread by holding hands, sharing eating utensils, kissing, hugging, coughing, sneezing, or breastfeeding. The infection can be diagnosed 30 to 60 days after exposure. Diagnosis is typically by testing the blood for parts of the virus and for antibodies against the virus. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.The infection has been preventable by vaccination since 1982. Vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization in the first day of life if possible. Two or three more doses are required at a later time for full effect. This vaccine works about 95% of the time. About 180 countries gave the vaccine as part of national programs as of 2006. It is also recommended that all blood be tested for hepatitis B before transfusion and condoms be used to prevent infection. During an initial infection, care is based on the symptoms that a person has. In those who develop chronic disease antiviral medication such as tenofovir or interferon maybe useful, however these drugs are expensive. Liver transplantation is sometimes used for cirrhosis.About a third of the world population has been infected at one point in their lives, including 240 million to 350 million who have chronic infections. Over 750,000 people die of hepatitis B each year. About 300,000 of these are due to liver cancer. The disease is now only common in East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa where between 5 and 10% of adults have chronic disease. Rates in Europe and North America are less than 1%. It was originally known as serum hepatitis. Research is looking to create foods that contain HBV vaccine. The disease may affect other great apes as well.