The Meaning of Etiology, Breakout of Illness, and
... further can be divided into external, internal, and other causes: ...
... further can be divided into external, internal, and other causes: ...
Chapter 13: Infection and Disease
... • Microbiota are microbes that reside in the body without causing disease (in symbiosis) • In mutualism, both host and microbe benefit • In commensalism, the microbe benefits and the host is unaffected • Pathogens Differ in Their Ability to Cause Disease • In parasitism, pathogens cause damage and d ...
... • Microbiota are microbes that reside in the body without causing disease (in symbiosis) • In mutualism, both host and microbe benefit • In commensalism, the microbe benefits and the host is unaffected • Pathogens Differ in Their Ability to Cause Disease • In parasitism, pathogens cause damage and d ...
morbidity and mortality
... during a period ÷ no. of live birth during same period*100% Neonatal mortality rate= no. of death infants under 28days during 1 month period ÷ no. of live birth during same period*100% Fertility rate= no of live birth in an area during a year ÷ midyear population aged (15-44)in the same area, in the ...
... during a period ÷ no. of live birth during same period*100% Neonatal mortality rate= no. of death infants under 28days during 1 month period ÷ no. of live birth during same period*100% Fertility rate= no of live birth in an area during a year ÷ midyear population aged (15-44)in the same area, in the ...
Rickettsia prowazekii
... Exposure to the feces of infected body lice. The lice are infected by a human blood meal. The rickettsiae reproduce in the louse gut epithelium. Infection occurs when louse feces are scratched into the skin, inoculated onto mucous membrane or inhaled. As a bioweapon, the agent can be aerosolized, wi ...
... Exposure to the feces of infected body lice. The lice are infected by a human blood meal. The rickettsiae reproduce in the louse gut epithelium. Infection occurs when louse feces are scratched into the skin, inoculated onto mucous membrane or inhaled. As a bioweapon, the agent can be aerosolized, wi ...
Set 5 Transmission
... • Herpes viruses like Epstein-Barr Virus can be transmitted through saliva (“mono” or “kissing disease”) ...
... • Herpes viruses like Epstein-Barr Virus can be transmitted through saliva (“mono” or “kissing disease”) ...
african_horse_sickness_3_pathogenesis
... Livestock Health, Management and Production › High Impact Diseases › Vector-borne Diseases › African Horse Sickness › that many such cases arise from dual infections with various AHS strains. Subsequent observations indicated that the rigid distinction between different forms of AHS is not fully ju ...
... Livestock Health, Management and Production › High Impact Diseases › Vector-borne Diseases › African Horse Sickness › that many such cases arise from dual infections with various AHS strains. Subsequent observations indicated that the rigid distinction between different forms of AHS is not fully ju ...
Asthma and allergy are just 2 of some 40 auto
... Many diseases affect the human population and despite efforts to eradicate them by vaccinations, they are still prevalent. In animal populations, diseases help maintain sustainable population levels. ...
... Many diseases affect the human population and despite efforts to eradicate them by vaccinations, they are still prevalent. In animal populations, diseases help maintain sustainable population levels. ...
How New Diseases Emerge
... Existing diseases may become more serious as the host population increases or transmission becomes easier. When there are more cases of disease, mortality increases even if the probability of mortality per case does not change. Stress on the host fish may increase the risk of mortality per case; inc ...
... Existing diseases may become more serious as the host population increases or transmission becomes easier. When there are more cases of disease, mortality increases even if the probability of mortality per case does not change. Stress on the host fish may increase the risk of mortality per case; inc ...
Biological Agents
... Caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which attacks the immune system Virus is found in most body fluids but is delicate and relatively easy to kill with heat and chemicals It has low infectivity and transmission is thought to be more likely with repeated exposure to infection rather than to ...
... Caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which attacks the immune system Virus is found in most body fluids but is delicate and relatively easy to kill with heat and chemicals It has low infectivity and transmission is thought to be more likely with repeated exposure to infection rather than to ...
Immunization - Abbott Animal Hospital
... Immunization Many canine diseases can now be prevented through vaccination. A vaccination schedule prepared by your veterinarian can thus greatly contribute to good health and a longer life span for your dog. Below are the most important diseases which vaccines are currently available: Canine Adenov ...
... Immunization Many canine diseases can now be prevented through vaccination. A vaccination schedule prepared by your veterinarian can thus greatly contribute to good health and a longer life span for your dog. Below are the most important diseases which vaccines are currently available: Canine Adenov ...
Name: ____________ Per: _____ Immunity and Disease (Ch. 23
... 5. Next time you're exposed to the pathogen, your body will recognize and destroy the pathogen before the disease affects the body. Why can you fight it off so fast? ____________________________ Vaccine movie ...
... 5. Next time you're exposed to the pathogen, your body will recognize and destroy the pathogen before the disease affects the body. Why can you fight it off so fast? ____________________________ Vaccine movie ...
Furry Facts 18 – EC Series Part 1
... -‐ Transplacental transmission can lead to cataract formation (often bilateral) later in life and lens rupture-‐induced phacoclastic uveitis/hypopyon (usually unilateral). Subclinical infection: EC multiplication and the ...
... -‐ Transplacental transmission can lead to cataract formation (often bilateral) later in life and lens rupture-‐induced phacoclastic uveitis/hypopyon (usually unilateral). Subclinical infection: EC multiplication and the ...
tropical diseases - Sakshieducation.com
... 2. Encephalitis mostly spreads from one animal to another animal or from animal to man through the ''culex" mosquitoes. 3. Incubation period for encephalitis is 5 to 15 days. 4. Encephalitis starts with mild fever and headache, Slowly increases the intensity of disease. Later there will be high feve ...
... 2. Encephalitis mostly spreads from one animal to another animal or from animal to man through the ''culex" mosquitoes. 3. Incubation period for encephalitis is 5 to 15 days. 4. Encephalitis starts with mild fever and headache, Slowly increases the intensity of disease. Later there will be high feve ...
2860 - Missouri Consultants for Education
... School officials may require any child suspected of having a contagious or infectious disease to be examined by a physician and may exclude the child from school, in accordance with the procedures authorized by this policy, so long as there is a substantial risk of transmission of the disease in the ...
... School officials may require any child suspected of having a contagious or infectious disease to be examined by a physician and may exclude the child from school, in accordance with the procedures authorized by this policy, so long as there is a substantial risk of transmission of the disease in the ...
Coxiella burnetii
... Bacteremia documented during both acute and chronic infections, with and without symptoms. The organism replicates in macrophages. This could result in eventual cell lysis and the dissemination of free bacteria in plasma. ...
... Bacteremia documented during both acute and chronic infections, with and without symptoms. The organism replicates in macrophages. This could result in eventual cell lysis and the dissemination of free bacteria in plasma. ...
sand fly
... Why is it difficult to control leishmaniases? 1. Leishmaniases can be spread to humans from animals 2. There is NO preventative treatment or vaccines 3. Drug treatment: • long lasting, expensive, with potentially severe side effects • Increasing drug resistance ...
... Why is it difficult to control leishmaniases? 1. Leishmaniases can be spread to humans from animals 2. There is NO preventative treatment or vaccines 3. Drug treatment: • long lasting, expensive, with potentially severe side effects • Increasing drug resistance ...
Section 2 Questions
... #3 Why did the rate of population growth increase in the late 1800s? • People were eating better and practicing ...
... #3 Why did the rate of population growth increase in the late 1800s? • People were eating better and practicing ...
describe the basic function and structures of the immune system
... Lupus is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disorder that may affect many organ systems including the skin, joints, and internal organs. In cases of lupus, the body’s defenses are turned against itself and immune cells attack healthy tissues. Although the cause of autoimmune diseases is unknown, re ...
... Lupus is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disorder that may affect many organ systems including the skin, joints, and internal organs. In cases of lupus, the body’s defenses are turned against itself and immune cells attack healthy tissues. Although the cause of autoimmune diseases is unknown, re ...
Immunity
... • Non specific = first (skin) and second (inflammatory response) line of defenses; are effective against many different kinds of pathogens • Specific = third line (white blood cells) are effective against a specific pathogen ...
... • Non specific = first (skin) and second (inflammatory response) line of defenses; are effective against many different kinds of pathogens • Specific = third line (white blood cells) are effective against a specific pathogen ...
Poultry Colibacillosis FVSU
... A variety of antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, tetracyclines, genamycin, ceftiofur, and fluoroquinolones, will kill the E. coli within the bird. However, E. coli is extensive in the environment and there are predis posing factors that allow E. coli to enter and ...
... A variety of antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, tetracyclines, genamycin, ceftiofur, and fluoroquinolones, will kill the E. coli within the bird. However, E. coli is extensive in the environment and there are predis posing factors that allow E. coli to enter and ...
“living together” Symbiosis Phoresis
... • Many are Vector transmitted disases • Zoonoses - transmission of the infectious agent to humans from an animal reservoir. No establishment of a permanent new life cycle solely in humans (still requires animals). ...
... • Many are Vector transmitted disases • Zoonoses - transmission of the infectious agent to humans from an animal reservoir. No establishment of a permanent new life cycle solely in humans (still requires animals). ...
Infectious Disease Summary
... may be infected with the organism (e.g. mosquitoes and malaria) or just be a mechanical carrier (e.g. flies). There is disagreement about whether vectors are restricted to insects or can also include small mammals. ...
... may be infected with the organism (e.g. mosquitoes and malaria) or just be a mechanical carrier (e.g. flies). There is disagreement about whether vectors are restricted to insects or can also include small mammals. ...
lecture_34_Apr 02_ plague on popn 1
... animals that are the natural hosts. One approach to their control is destruction of the reservoir host. In the former USSR large scale destruction of gerbils has succeeded in providing control of Leishmania near towns and villages. Destruction of free-ranging dogs is important in the control of leis ...
... animals that are the natural hosts. One approach to their control is destruction of the reservoir host. In the former USSR large scale destruction of gerbils has succeeded in providing control of Leishmania near towns and villages. Destruction of free-ranging dogs is important in the control of leis ...
Infectious disease modelling (100%)
... teaching and carries out research in a range of disciplines relevant to clinical epidemiology and public health. ...
... teaching and carries out research in a range of disciplines relevant to clinical epidemiology and public health. ...
African trypanosomiasis
African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei. There are two types that infect humans, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (T.b.g) and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b.r.). T.b.g causes over 98% of reported cases. Both are usually transmitted by the bite of an infected tsetse fly and are most common in rural areas.Initially, in the first stage of the disease, there are fevers, headaches, itchiness, and joint pains. This begins one to three weeks after the bite. Weeks to months later the second stage begins with confusion, poor coordination, numbness and trouble sleeping. Diagnosis is via finding the parasite in a blood smear or in the fluid of a lymph node. A lumbar puncture is often needed to tell the difference between first and second stage disease.Prevention of severe disease involves screening the population at risk with blood tests for T.b.g. Treatment is easier when the disease is detected early and before neurological symptoms occur. Treatment of the first stage is with the medications pentamidine or suramin. Treatment of the second stage involves: eflornithine or a combination of nifurtimox and eflornithine for T.b.g. While melarsoprol works for both it is typically only used for T.b.r. due to serious side effects.The disease occurs regularly in some regions of sub-Saharan Africa with the population at risk being about 70 million in 36 countries. As of 2010 it caused around 9,000 deaths per year, down from 34,000 in 1990. An estimated 30,000 people are currently infected with 7000 new infections in 2012. More than 80% of these cases are in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Three major outbreaks have occurred in recent history: one from 1896 to 1906 primarily in Uganda and the Congo Basin and two in 1920 and 1970 in several African countries. Other animals, such as cows, may carry the disease and become infected.