How Microbes cause Disease?
... Portals of entry for microorganisms i) Respiratory tract: Many diseases especially involving respiratory system spread through droplet infection. This fine spray of mist is discharged by sneezing & coughing. If this spray comes from a patient with a cold, influenza, T.B., etc. another person may ge ...
... Portals of entry for microorganisms i) Respiratory tract: Many diseases especially involving respiratory system spread through droplet infection. This fine spray of mist is discharged by sneezing & coughing. If this spray comes from a patient with a cold, influenza, T.B., etc. another person may ge ...
DISEASES SPREAD THROUGH RESPIRATORY SECRETIONS
... produce severe illness (invasive group A strep infections) such as: 1. Necrotizing Fasciitis (i.e., Flesh-Eating Disease), which is a soft tissue infection characterized by rapidly spreading inflammation and death of muscle and fat tissues 2. Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS), which is a sev ...
... produce severe illness (invasive group A strep infections) such as: 1. Necrotizing Fasciitis (i.e., Flesh-Eating Disease), which is a soft tissue infection characterized by rapidly spreading inflammation and death of muscle and fat tissues 2. Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS), which is a sev ...
File
... 39. Investigators identify a group of people with a disease and a group of persons without the disease 40. Use relative risk to quantify the relationship between exposure and disease. ...
... 39. Investigators identify a group of people with a disease and a group of persons without the disease 40. Use relative risk to quantify the relationship between exposure and disease. ...
Chapter 1: The Microbial World and You
... either beneficial or harmless to humans. Less than 1% of microbes cause disease. In 1962, the surgeon general of the United States stated: “The war against infectious diseases has been won”. Today it is clear that this was overly optimistic: Emerging diseases: New diseases like AIDS, hantavir ...
... either beneficial or harmless to humans. Less than 1% of microbes cause disease. In 1962, the surgeon general of the United States stated: “The war against infectious diseases has been won”. Today it is clear that this was overly optimistic: Emerging diseases: New diseases like AIDS, hantavir ...
INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
... TRAVEL HISTORY IMMUNIZATION HISTORY STATUS OF DEFENSE MECHANISM PATIENT SUSCEPTIBILITY CLINICAL APPEARANCE AND MANIFESTATIONS ...
... TRAVEL HISTORY IMMUNIZATION HISTORY STATUS OF DEFENSE MECHANISM PATIENT SUSCEPTIBILITY CLINICAL APPEARANCE AND MANIFESTATIONS ...
help prevent insect bites by following these steps
... PRODUCE AN ANNOYING BUMP OR EXCESSIVE ITCH SHOULD THINK TWICE. According to the National Institutes of Health, insect bites cause more deaths from poisoning than bites from snakes. Mosquitoes, ants, flies and ticks have the potential of infecting a person with a viral or bacterial infection. Inf ...
... PRODUCE AN ANNOYING BUMP OR EXCESSIVE ITCH SHOULD THINK TWICE. According to the National Institutes of Health, insect bites cause more deaths from poisoning than bites from snakes. Mosquitoes, ants, flies and ticks have the potential of infecting a person with a viral or bacterial infection. Inf ...
infectious diseasres of the nervous system
... Botulinum toxin impairs release of acetylcholine at all peripheral synapses with resultant weakness of striated and smooth muscles caused by toxin ingested after being produced in inadequately sterilized canned foods serotypes A * B – vegetables/ meat E – Fish/ marine mammal products Thermol ...
... Botulinum toxin impairs release of acetylcholine at all peripheral synapses with resultant weakness of striated and smooth muscles caused by toxin ingested after being produced in inadequately sterilized canned foods serotypes A * B – vegetables/ meat E – Fish/ marine mammal products Thermol ...
Universal Precautions and Patients` Rights
... Health care facilities providing services in which there is a risk of skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral contact to human blood or other potentially infectious materials must practice universal precautions. Universal Precautions means the prevention of disease transmission through the use of ...
... Health care facilities providing services in which there is a risk of skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral contact to human blood or other potentially infectious materials must practice universal precautions. Universal Precautions means the prevention of disease transmission through the use of ...
CD.Common Communicab..
... until non-contagious, usually 24 hrs. after treatment starts. Refer for medical diagnosis and treatment. Handwashing is very important to stop spread of disease. Keep home until fever subsides. Handwashing may help prevent transmission. ...
... until non-contagious, usually 24 hrs. after treatment starts. Refer for medical diagnosis and treatment. Handwashing is very important to stop spread of disease. Keep home until fever subsides. Handwashing may help prevent transmission. ...
Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases
... Vesicles (fluid-filled blisters) at site of entry ~1 week after exposure Vesicles are infectious & painful Virus is latent in sacral ganglia reactivates new vesicles ...
... Vesicles (fluid-filled blisters) at site of entry ~1 week after exposure Vesicles are infectious & painful Virus is latent in sacral ganglia reactivates new vesicles ...
common communicable
... and treatment. Keep home until non-contagious, usually 24 hrs. after treatment starts. Refer for medical diagnosis and treatment. Handwashing is very important to stop spread of disease. Keep home until fever subsides. Handwashing may help prevent transmission. ...
... and treatment. Keep home until non-contagious, usually 24 hrs. after treatment starts. Refer for medical diagnosis and treatment. Handwashing is very important to stop spread of disease. Keep home until fever subsides. Handwashing may help prevent transmission. ...
Kennel Cough - Sadie`s K9 Stay and Play
... The Bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine is always given as a separate vaccine. It is important to tell your veterinarian your dog needs this vaccine, as it may not be a part of the yearly check-up. Also, even though it is given annually, its protection only lasts approximately six months. In dogs that ...
... The Bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine is always given as a separate vaccine. It is important to tell your veterinarian your dog needs this vaccine, as it may not be a part of the yearly check-up. Also, even though it is given annually, its protection only lasts approximately six months. In dogs that ...
Escherichia coli O157:H7
... young children and the elderly are most at risk for developing serious complications. Diagnosis Infections are usually diagnosed through lab testing of stool specimens (feces). ...
... young children and the elderly are most at risk for developing serious complications. Diagnosis Infections are usually diagnosed through lab testing of stool specimens (feces). ...
Common Poultry Diseases For the Practicing Veterinarian
... Marek’s disease is a herpesvirus-induced neoplastic disease of chickens characterized by infiltration of various nerve trunks and/or organs with pleomorphic lymphoid cells. Marek’s disease is important primarily in chickens, to a much lesser degree in quail, and has been rarely observed in other spe ...
... Marek’s disease is a herpesvirus-induced neoplastic disease of chickens characterized by infiltration of various nerve trunks and/or organs with pleomorphic lymphoid cells. Marek’s disease is important primarily in chickens, to a much lesser degree in quail, and has been rarely observed in other spe ...
The Small Animal Care Industry
... narrow strip of gauze or cloth made by making a loop in the material. The loop is slipped over the dog’s nose and mouth at the ends are crossed under the jaw to bring them up behind the ears for tying in a bow. ...
... narrow strip of gauze or cloth made by making a loop in the material. The loop is slipped over the dog’s nose and mouth at the ends are crossed under the jaw to bring them up behind the ears for tying in a bow. ...
Lyme Disease: Epidemiology - CDC Division of Vector
... U.S. The overall incidence rate of reported cases in the U.S. is about 5 per 100,000 population, but there is considerable underreporting. The disease occurs in distinct and geographically limited areas. The incidence in a few of the most highly endemic communities may reach 1 to 3% per year. Person ...
... U.S. The overall incidence rate of reported cases in the U.S. is about 5 per 100,000 population, but there is considerable underreporting. The disease occurs in distinct and geographically limited areas. The incidence in a few of the most highly endemic communities may reach 1 to 3% per year. Person ...
EIA6
... What is EIA? Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a disease, caused by a virus that causes anemia, intermittent fever, and severe weight loss. Equidae (e.g., horses, ponies, mules, zebras, and donkeys) are the only animals known to be affected by the virus. Once an animal is infected with the virus, i ...
... What is EIA? Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is a disease, caused by a virus that causes anemia, intermittent fever, and severe weight loss. Equidae (e.g., horses, ponies, mules, zebras, and donkeys) are the only animals known to be affected by the virus. Once an animal is infected with the virus, i ...
Sexually Transmitted Infection Dr. Tetty Aman Nasution, MMedSc Departemen Mikrobiologi
... Blood samples need to be obtained to test for syphilis antibodies that the body produces after the infection occurs. A microscopic examination may be performed of an active lesion to confirm diagnosis. ...
... Blood samples need to be obtained to test for syphilis antibodies that the body produces after the infection occurs. A microscopic examination may be performed of an active lesion to confirm diagnosis. ...
1. DNA Viral Pathogens
... Hepatitis D (hepatitis D virus, HDV: RNA-, non-enveloped) • by itself is NOT infectious • infectious only when it acquires an HBV envelope and thus requires coinfection with HBV or superinfection of someone already infected with HBV • this HBV, HDV combination has the highest hepatitis mortality rat ...
... Hepatitis D (hepatitis D virus, HDV: RNA-, non-enveloped) • by itself is NOT infectious • infectious only when it acquires an HBV envelope and thus requires coinfection with HBV or superinfection of someone already infected with HBV • this HBV, HDV combination has the highest hepatitis mortality rat ...
Globalization and Infectious Diseases
... people immediately try to stop the disease from spreading to other places. They try to keep it in the spot that it started and no one leaves or comes into the place without serious precautions being taken to prevent the disease from spreading. • Also giving vaccines so that if the disease happens to ...
... people immediately try to stop the disease from spreading to other places. They try to keep it in the spot that it started and no one leaves or comes into the place without serious precautions being taken to prevent the disease from spreading. • Also giving vaccines so that if the disease happens to ...
Smallpox was a scourge that terrorized the world for 3000 years
... recurrence of the disease. The stored vials of the virus could be used to produce smallpox as a biological weapon. Since so many people are no longer immune to the disease, the effect would be devastating. Another possibility is that the monkeypox virus could, over time, mutate into a virus that is ...
... recurrence of the disease. The stored vials of the virus could be used to produce smallpox as a biological weapon. Since so many people are no longer immune to the disease, the effect would be devastating. Another possibility is that the monkeypox virus could, over time, mutate into a virus that is ...
Virus and Bacteria
... humans since ancient times, its most extensive outbreak occurred in the first half of the 1900s before the vaccination, created by Jonas Salk, became widely available in 1955. • People who have abortive polio or nonparalytic polio usually make a full recovery. However, paralytic polio, as its name i ...
... humans since ancient times, its most extensive outbreak occurred in the first half of the 1900s before the vaccination, created by Jonas Salk, became widely available in 1955. • People who have abortive polio or nonparalytic polio usually make a full recovery. However, paralytic polio, as its name i ...
Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis (also known as field fever, rat catcher's yellows, and pretibial fever among others names) is an infection caused by corkscrew-shaped bacteria called Leptospira. Symptoms can range from none to mild such as headaches, muscle pains, and fevers; to severe with bleeding from the lungs or meningitis. If the infection causes the person to turn yellow, have kidney failure and bleeding, it is then known as Weil's disease. If it causes lots of bleeding from the lungs it is known as severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome.Up to 13 different genetic types of Leptospira may cause disease in humans. It is transmitted by both wild and domestic animals. The most common animals that spread the disease are rodents. It is often transmitted by animal urine or by water or soil containing animal urine coming into contact with breaks in the skin, eyes, mouth, or nose. In the developing world the disease most commonly occurs in farmers and poor people who live in cities. In the developed world it most commonly occurs in those involved in outdoor activities in warm and wet areas of the world. Diagnosis is typically by looking for antibodies against the bacteria or finding its DNA in the blood.Efforts to prevent the disease include protective equipment to prevent contact when working with potentially infected animals, washing after this contact, and reducing rodents in areas people live and work. The antibiotic doxycycline, when used in an effort to prevent infection among travellers, is of unclear benefit. Vaccines for animals exist for certain type of Leptospira which may decrease the risk of spread to humans. Treatment if infected is with antibiotics such as: doxycycline, penicillin, or ceftriaxone. Weil's disease and severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome result in death rates greater than 10% and 50%, respectively, even with treatment.It is estimated that seven to ten million people are infected by leptospirosis a year. The number of deaths this causes is not clear. The disease is most common in tropical areas of the world but may occur anywhere. Outbreaks may occur in slums of the developing world. The disease was first described by Weil in 1886 in Germany. Animals who are infected may have no symptoms, mild symptoms, or severe symptoms. Symptoms may vary by the type of animal. In some animals Leptospira live in the reproductive tract, leading to transmission during mating.