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Poultry Health Basics - Virginia Veterinary Medical Association
Poultry Health Basics - Virginia Veterinary Medical Association

... turkeys, and most other types of birds. There are extremely nasty ("hot") strains typically not found in the US and milder strains that are common here. The "hot" strains are something that we constantly look out for because when they are found (most recently in CA, 2002-2003), they generally cause ...
BTB Heme_Onc talk_Final 2016
BTB Heme_Onc talk_Final 2016

... Other than a CBC and smear, which of the following WOULD NOT be a part of a hemolysis work-up? A) AST and ALT B) Reticuolcytes C) DAT D) LDH E) Bilirubin ...
Infectious Diseases
Infectious Diseases

... weeks) systemic antibiotics that are continued at least 1 week beyond clinical resolution of the pyoderma. Topical shampoo therapy using a 1-3% benzoyl peroxide shampoo every 3-7 days will help speed resolution and enhance the mitacidal treatments. Effective Mitacidal therapies include the following ...
Interpretation of Hepatitis B Serologic Test Results
Interpretation of Hepatitis B Serologic Test Results

... antigen (HBsAg): A protein on the surface of hepatitis B virus; it can be detected in high levels in serum during acute or chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The presence of HBsAg indicates that the person is infectious. The body normally produces antibodies to HBsAg as part of the normal immune r ...
Vaccinations in Camelids - CSU Veterinary Extension
Vaccinations in Camelids - CSU Veterinary Extension

... Vaccines are a common way to provide individual and herd immunity to a variety of bacteria or viral agents. Vaccines should be used to complement, but not replace good management techniques for disease prevention such as biosecurity, herd health checks, nutrition, stocking densities, etc. There is a ...
Background rapidly sequestered by the follicular dendritic
Background rapidly sequestered by the follicular dendritic

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Integrated surveillance for prevention and control of emerging vector

... Tick-borne diseases are also of public health concern in Europe. Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is endemic in Europe and due to its medical significance was recently added to the list of notifiable diseases with a harmonised case definition focussing on neuroinvasive illness with laboratory confirmat ...
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Infection Control Recommendations for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD
Infection Control Recommendations for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD

... report of the EVD outbreak in West Africa in March 2014, the cumulative numbers of cases attributed to EVD are continuously increasing, making this EVD outbreak the most extensive ever recorded in terms of geographical spread and overall number of cases and deaths reported. EVD is transmitted to hum ...
Immune Parameters in Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome
Immune Parameters in Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome

... Mountain. It is clear that the patient was in the incubation period of the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome when we first tested him. Pulmonary disorders are common in Puumala virus infections, and this virus usually causes mild or moderate hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (3,4,6). We supp ...
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... More and more risk management and human resource teams in the American Workforce are exploring ways to develop safe, effective and affordable Skin Protection Wellness Programs. CoreTex Products offers a complete line of complementary skin protection products specifically formulated to keep employees ...
The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make A Big Dif
The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make A Big Dif

... spring of that year and was, relatively speaking, quite tame. But over the summer the virus underwent some strange transformation and over the next six months ended up killing between 20 and 40 million people worldwide. Nothing had changed in the way in which the virus was being spread. But the viru ...
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... Recommended antimicrobial regimens for treatment of patients with Lyme disease. ...
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Special challenges of maintaining wild animals in captivity in South

... birds, rodents, insects and other vermin are considered vectors. Insanitary conditions favour the propagation of the bacteria. Salmonella Typhimurium caused the death of a hyacinth macaw (Anodorhynchus ...
GRANULOMATOUS DISEASES AFFECTING ORAL CAVITY: A REVIEW
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... efficiency of subsequent applications of broad-based controls, e.g. additional testing and monitoring. We apply our methodology to the control of bovine tuberculosis in New Zealand’s cattle herds and compare to less comprehensive approaches. Bovine tuberculosis represents a subclinical disease with ...
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... IV Medical significance Malaria is transmitted by Anopheles Filariasis is transmitted by Anopheles, Culex and Aedes Epidemic encephalitis B transmitted by Gulex Dengue fever transmitted by Aedes ...
truth or myth about ebola
truth or myth about ebola

... Ebola is not spread through the air, by water, or in general, by food. However, in Africa, Ebola may be spread as a result of handling bushmeat (In Africa, wild animals are hunted for food) and contact with infected bats. There is no evidence that mosquitoes or other insects can transmit Ebola virus ...
Disease Fact Sheets - University of Illinois Agricultural Education
Disease Fact Sheets - University of Illinois Agricultural Education

... contact or aerosol exposure to infected animal fluids are additional ways to be infected. People who work with animals (e.g., livestock producers, veterinarians) may be at higher risk of exposure to Brucella. Infection in people causes flu-like signs (fever, night sweats, headaches, back pain). Arthri ...
Methylaminolevulinate photodynamic therapy for granuloma annulare
Methylaminolevulinate photodynamic therapy for granuloma annulare

... leukocytoclastic vasculitis in childhood. It is rare in adulthood and has a poorer prognosis when it occurs in this age group. It is characterized by nonthrombocytopenic palpable purpura, arthritis and/or arthralgia, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleeding, and/or nephritis. In some cases, an alle ...
The Fungi of Medical Importance
The Fungi of Medical Importance

... Cutaneous candidiasis – occurs in chronically moist  areas of skin and burn patients ...
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Leptospirosis



Leptospirosis (also known as field fever, rat catcher's yellows, and pretibial fever among others names) is an infection caused by corkscrew-shaped bacteria called Leptospira. Symptoms can range from none to mild such as headaches, muscle pains, and fevers; to severe with bleeding from the lungs or meningitis. If the infection causes the person to turn yellow, have kidney failure and bleeding, it is then known as Weil's disease. If it causes lots of bleeding from the lungs it is known as severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome.Up to 13 different genetic types of Leptospira may cause disease in humans. It is transmitted by both wild and domestic animals. The most common animals that spread the disease are rodents. It is often transmitted by animal urine or by water or soil containing animal urine coming into contact with breaks in the skin, eyes, mouth, or nose. In the developing world the disease most commonly occurs in farmers and poor people who live in cities. In the developed world it most commonly occurs in those involved in outdoor activities in warm and wet areas of the world. Diagnosis is typically by looking for antibodies against the bacteria or finding its DNA in the blood.Efforts to prevent the disease include protective equipment to prevent contact when working with potentially infected animals, washing after this contact, and reducing rodents in areas people live and work. The antibiotic doxycycline, when used in an effort to prevent infection among travellers, is of unclear benefit. Vaccines for animals exist for certain type of Leptospira which may decrease the risk of spread to humans. Treatment if infected is with antibiotics such as: doxycycline, penicillin, or ceftriaxone. Weil's disease and severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome result in death rates greater than 10% and 50%, respectively, even with treatment.It is estimated that seven to ten million people are infected by leptospirosis a year. The number of deaths this causes is not clear. The disease is most common in tropical areas of the world but may occur anywhere. Outbreaks may occur in slums of the developing world. The disease was first described by Weil in 1886 in Germany. Animals who are infected may have no symptoms, mild symptoms, or severe symptoms. Symptoms may vary by the type of animal. In some animals Leptospira live in the reproductive tract, leading to transmission during mating.
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