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syphilis - The Washington Physicians Group
syphilis - The Washington Physicians Group

... Sometimes a baby is born with syphilis if the mother has the disease during pregnancy. What are the symptoms? The symptoms of syphilis vary according to the stage of the disease. During the first stage, smooth, red, painless sores called chancres appear. People usually get chancres near the genitals ...
File - Ms. Pati at Green Oaks
File - Ms. Pati at Green Oaks

... •In the case of an infectious disease like influenza, the World Health Organization (WHO) defines a pandemic as any spread of a disease that is: • new to the population and has no vaccine yet available • passes easily from person to person • has caused outbreaks in at least two or more countries in ...
Sexually Transmitted Infections and Sterility
Sexually Transmitted Infections and Sterility

... sexual intercourse with multiple partners. To prevent sexually transmitted diseases during this period (which may last as long as 10 or 15 years), appropriate sex education is more important than any therapeutic measures that can be given after transmission. The author wants to emphasize that sex ed ...
macraiola-11-29-12
macraiola-11-29-12

... 10 warning signs of Immune Deficiency ...
Appropriate use of antimicrobial agents
Appropriate use of antimicrobial agents

... binding of macrolides ...
Aquaculture and Fish Health - Baltic University Programme
Aquaculture and Fish Health - Baltic University Programme

... threat to the fish populations in the Great lakes, USA/ Canada, due to the high mortalities and that it strikes so many different species. The clinical symptoms of VHS varies considerably. Pathological findings include haemorrhages in muscles (Figure 8.3). Infectious Haematopoietic Necrosis (IHN) IH ...
Croup Fact Sheet
Croup Fact Sheet

... child's cough may improve during the day, but don't be surprised if it returns at night. You may want to sleep near your child or even in the same room so that you can take quick action if your child's symptoms become severe. The breathing problems are caused by the body’s response to the infection, ...
Plague FAQ document - National Institute for Communicable Diseases
Plague FAQ document - National Institute for Communicable Diseases

... Countries in southern Africa where plague has been reported in the last decade include Madagascar, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Mozambique, Malawi, Tanzania, Angola, Namibia and Zimbabwe. There is currently a plague outbreak in Madagascar (first reported on 10 December 2013) which is affect ...
INFECTIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
INFECTIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

... Progression from headache, drowsiness, signs of meningitis Haemorrhagic skin rash (non-blanching) Sepsis complicated by intravascular coagulation, shock, acute renal failure Bleeding into organs may occur eg, adrenal gland causing Waterhouse Friderichsen syndrome Gangrene of peripheral limbs ...
version pdf - Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and
version pdf - Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and

... within a few weeks digestive problems, skin lesions and convulsions are observed, with a delay in psychomotor development, deteriorated general health leading to death in absence of treatment. One must obtain blood and urine samples and a liver biopsy for a post mortem diagnosis and early treatment ...
Feline Upper Respiratory Infections
Feline Upper Respiratory Infections

... occasional cat, such as the highly adoptable kitten that you have already invested some time and money in, as staff compliance and community support often improves when sick cats can, at least sometimes, be treated. While we want to do all we can to speed recovery, it’s important to recognize that t ...
40-1 Infectious Disease
40-1 Infectious Disease

... Robert Koch concluded that infectious diseases were caused by germs. This idea is now known as the germ theory of disease. ...
FIP - Alpine Animal Hospital
FIP - Alpine Animal Hospital

... wet form is characterized by the accumulation of large quantities of fluid in the chest and/or abdomen. If it occurs in the chest, the cat will experience difficulty breathing. When it occurs in the abdomen, a large, bloated appearance will result. The dry form affects the target organs in a similar ...
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Title Association between Severity of MERS

... could be related to a higher initial infective dose and consequently to faster or greater pathogen replication. This finding could lead to a more severe disease induced by more aggressive and damaging inflammatory responses (14). Closer monitoring of patients who have a shorter incubation period cou ...
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9c5c$$de16 Black separation

... V. corneae spores in the urine sediment were propagated in vitro, and molecular and immunologic characterization revealed that the isolate was identical to the original isolate of V. corneae [2], which we received for comparative analysis after successful cultivation and morphological characterizati ...
Incidence functions and population thresholds
Incidence functions and population thresholds

... (exact same model as for endemic fadeout, but now started from I=1 instead of I=I*.) ...
03_tsetse_disease_transmission
03_tsetse_disease_transmission

... Regarding c: This will depend on the vectorial competence (ability to become infected) and vectorial capacity (the ease with which the development cycle in the vector is completed) of the vector. In most tsetse flies taking up trypanosomes, these protozoa will be killed by the combined action of pro ...
OW-14 exposed to high temperatures is still an effective adjuvant for
OW-14 exposed to high temperatures is still an effective adjuvant for

... The efficacy of animal vaccines can be: high, moderate, or questionable ...
Anal Sac (Gland) Disease
Anal Sac (Gland) Disease

... are normal glands that produce fluid with an unpleasant odor used for marking territory. In normal occurrences, these fluids are emptied through the gland ducts when your pet defecates. These sacs can become impacted, meaning the gland cannot be emptied due to the duct being blocked, which can lead ...
Hepatitis B Vaccine
Hepatitis B Vaccine

... CaIl a doctor, or get the person to a doctor right away. happened, the date and time it happened, and when the vaccination was given. Ask your doctor, nurse, or health department to report the reaction by filing a Vaccine Adverse Event Reportittg System (VAERS) form. Or you can file this report thro ...
Bloodborne-Pathogens-and-Hand-Hygiene
Bloodborne-Pathogens-and-Hand-Hygiene

... The following is how the infectious agent, E. coli infected the vulnerable host – the children. We have seen numerous E. coli and bacterial outbreaks in our food sources since then. Most recent involved sprouts; hummus, dips and ...
TB Medications and the Liver
TB Medications and the Liver

... Disadvantages: – Multiple blood tests – May result in discontinuing / interrupting treatment unnecessarily – Cost ...
Lisa Bennett, 2012 Community Acquired
Lisa Bennett, 2012 Community Acquired

... primary care clinic where you work. He is accompanied by his daughter. Mr. C’s daughter states that Mr. C has a bad cold with a cough and that he has been confused. He fell as he was ...
doc - VCU Secrets of the Sequence
doc - VCU Secrets of the Sequence

... Biodefense effort. He is trying to find a way to stop these pathogens. He doesn’t think that vaccines will work because there are too many varieties that are also very resistant to antibiotics. He is studying non-specific immunity to help the body develop the ability to fight invading pathogens by i ...
Time From Infection to Disease and
Time From Infection to Disease and

... here suggest that dry symptoms precede wet ones by a mean of 6.1 days. This means that the incubation period likely underestimates the time to infectiousness, and that models using the incubation period as the latent period may capture a slower dynamic. More important, however, are our findings on th ...
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Leptospirosis



Leptospirosis (also known as field fever, rat catcher's yellows, and pretibial fever among others names) is an infection caused by corkscrew-shaped bacteria called Leptospira. Symptoms can range from none to mild such as headaches, muscle pains, and fevers; to severe with bleeding from the lungs or meningitis. If the infection causes the person to turn yellow, have kidney failure and bleeding, it is then known as Weil's disease. If it causes lots of bleeding from the lungs it is known as severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome.Up to 13 different genetic types of Leptospira may cause disease in humans. It is transmitted by both wild and domestic animals. The most common animals that spread the disease are rodents. It is often transmitted by animal urine or by water or soil containing animal urine coming into contact with breaks in the skin, eyes, mouth, or nose. In the developing world the disease most commonly occurs in farmers and poor people who live in cities. In the developed world it most commonly occurs in those involved in outdoor activities in warm and wet areas of the world. Diagnosis is typically by looking for antibodies against the bacteria or finding its DNA in the blood.Efforts to prevent the disease include protective equipment to prevent contact when working with potentially infected animals, washing after this contact, and reducing rodents in areas people live and work. The antibiotic doxycycline, when used in an effort to prevent infection among travellers, is of unclear benefit. Vaccines for animals exist for certain type of Leptospira which may decrease the risk of spread to humans. Treatment if infected is with antibiotics such as: doxycycline, penicillin, or ceftriaxone. Weil's disease and severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome result in death rates greater than 10% and 50%, respectively, even with treatment.It is estimated that seven to ten million people are infected by leptospirosis a year. The number of deaths this causes is not clear. The disease is most common in tropical areas of the world but may occur anywhere. Outbreaks may occur in slums of the developing world. The disease was first described by Weil in 1886 in Germany. Animals who are infected may have no symptoms, mild symptoms, or severe symptoms. Symptoms may vary by the type of animal. In some animals Leptospira live in the reproductive tract, leading to transmission during mating.
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