Photon-number state on-demand source by cavity parametric
... Photon-number states are required in many optical applications of quantum information and quantum computing. Single-photon states are necessary for security-proven quantum cryptography,1 and other Fock states with fixed number of photons can be used to generate multiparticle entanglement.2 Furthermo ...
... Photon-number states are required in many optical applications of quantum information and quantum computing. Single-photon states are necessary for security-proven quantum cryptography,1 and other Fock states with fixed number of photons can be used to generate multiparticle entanglement.2 Furthermo ...
Word
... It is generally no longer consistent to talk of individual entities possessing a value for an observable: it is more as if the property concerned is latent in the system until such time as an observation brings it into being. As John Bell has put it, "beables" are replaced by "observables," and the ...
... It is generally no longer consistent to talk of individual entities possessing a value for an observable: it is more as if the property concerned is latent in the system until such time as an observation brings it into being. As John Bell has put it, "beables" are replaced by "observables," and the ...
High Energy Cross Sections by Monte Carlo
... Polarization vectors are defined in Jackson: Figure 7.2 on the left shows the complex electric field vector for linear and Figure 7.3 on the right shows the field for circular polarization. The most general polarization is a linear superposition of two independent linear or helicity eigenstates E(x, ...
... Polarization vectors are defined in Jackson: Figure 7.2 on the left shows the complex electric field vector for linear and Figure 7.3 on the right shows the field for circular polarization. The most general polarization is a linear superposition of two independent linear or helicity eigenstates E(x, ...
A Quantum self-Routing Packet Switching
... • To keep the dummy packets distinguishable from data packets , the following scheme is used (1) The address bits of the data-packets are replicated (2) The address part of the dummy packets is formed by repeating ‘01’ (P/2)-1 times , where the P is the number of bits in the address part of packets ...
... • To keep the dummy packets distinguishable from data packets , the following scheme is used (1) The address bits of the data-packets are replicated (2) The address part of the dummy packets is formed by repeating ‘01’ (P/2)-1 times , where the P is the number of bits in the address part of packets ...
Protecting Valuable Physical Assets in a High Traffic Setting
... quickly. Finally, the TSA needs to be notified within a certain time frame that the key has been lost and the locks have been changed—essentially they need assurance that physical security has not been compromised. ...
... quickly. Finally, the TSA needs to be notified within a certain time frame that the key has been lost and the locks have been changed—essentially they need assurance that physical security has not been compromised. ...
Violation of Heisenberg’s Measurement-Disturbance Relationship by Weak Measurements
... the position is determined, that is, at the instant when the photon is scattered by the electron, the electron undergoes a discontinuous change in momentum. This change is the greater the smaller the wavelength of the light employed, i.e., the more exact the determination of the position’’ [1]. Here ...
... the position is determined, that is, at the instant when the photon is scattered by the electron, the electron undergoes a discontinuous change in momentum. This change is the greater the smaller the wavelength of the light employed, i.e., the more exact the determination of the position’’ [1]. Here ...
![arXiv:1310.3262v1 [quant-ph] 11 Oct 2013](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/017897146_1-7f44e165f08f900df74f4825be2ca4f2-300x300.png)
Realization of the Quantum Toffoli Gate with Trapped Ions
... h c i jÞUT j c i i, where UT is the ideal unitary map and the c i are a set of 2 105 pure input states randomly drawn according to the Haar measure from the unitary group Uð8Þ [15]. The mean fidelity is the average value of the fidelity between the output state expected from the ideal unitary tra ...
... h c i jÞUT j c i i, where UT is the ideal unitary map and the c i are a set of 2 105 pure input states randomly drawn according to the Haar measure from the unitary group Uð8Þ [15]. The mean fidelity is the average value of the fidelity between the output state expected from the ideal unitary tra ...
The Application of Quantum Energy Saver on Engine
... material movement has obviously shown "quantized" characteristics. And in which, the Planck constant always plays an important role. At the end of the nineteenth Century, scientists attempted to understand the micro world classical mechanics and macro view, but they failed, which reflected the contr ...
... material movement has obviously shown "quantized" characteristics. And in which, the Planck constant always plays an important role. At the end of the nineteenth Century, scientists attempted to understand the micro world classical mechanics and macro view, but they failed, which reflected the contr ...
Partially Nondestructive Continuous Detection of Individual Traveling Optical Photons
... For quantum communication and many other photonics quantum information applications [18,19], it is desirable to detect traveling optical photons instead of photons bound to cavities. Previously, a single-photon transistor was realized using an atomic ensemble inside a high finesse cavity where one s ...
... For quantum communication and many other photonics quantum information applications [18,19], it is desirable to detect traveling optical photons instead of photons bound to cavities. Previously, a single-photon transistor was realized using an atomic ensemble inside a high finesse cavity where one s ...
What Is Quantum Information? - Quantum Theory Group at CMU
... “Presence” Theorem • One-bit teleportation works for Z info and X info ◦ What about Y info? Other species? ◦ We don’t need to check them all because of the: • Presence Theorem (qubits): If any two incompatible species of information are correctly transmitted from input to output, the same is true o ...
... “Presence” Theorem • One-bit teleportation works for Z info and X info ◦ What about Y info? Other species? ◦ We don’t need to check them all because of the: • Presence Theorem (qubits): If any two incompatible species of information are correctly transmitted from input to output, the same is true o ...
Wavelength locking via teleportation using distant quantum entanglement and Bloch–Siegert oscillation
... Note that what is determined by Bob is /, not X. Thus, it is not possible to measure the absolute phase difference in this manner. However, one could use this approach of phase teleportation in order to achieve frequency locking of two remote oscillators. This is illustrated in Fig. 2. Briefly, assume ...
... Note that what is determined by Bob is /, not X. Thus, it is not possible to measure the absolute phase difference in this manner. However, one could use this approach of phase teleportation in order to achieve frequency locking of two remote oscillators. This is illustrated in Fig. 2. Briefly, assume ...
Quantum key distribution
Quantum key distribution (QKD) uses quantum mechanics to guarantee secure communication. It enables two parties to produce a shared random secret key known only to them, which can then be used to encrypt and decrypt messages. It is often incorrectly called quantum cryptography, as it is the most well known example of the group of quantum cryptographic tasks.An important and unique property of quantum key distribution is the ability of the two communicating users to detect the presence of any third party trying to gain knowledge of the key. This results from a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics: the process of measuring a quantum system in general disturbs the system. A third party trying to eavesdrop on the key must in some way measure it, thus introducing detectable anomalies. By using quantum superpositions or quantum entanglement and transmitting information in quantum states, a communication system can be implemented which detects eavesdropping. If the level of eavesdropping is below a certain threshold, a key can be produced that is guaranteed to be secure (i.e. the eavesdropper has no information about it), otherwise no secure key is possible and communication is aborted.The security of encryption that uses quantum key distribution relies on the foundations of quantum mechanics, in contrast to traditional public key cryptography which relies on the computational difficulty of certain mathematical functions, and cannot provide any indication of eavesdropping at any point in the communication process, or any mathematical proof as to the actual complexity of reversing the one-way functions used. QKD has provable security based on information theory, and forward secrecy.Quantum key distribution is only used to produce and distribute a key, not to transmit any message data. This key can then be used with any chosen encryption algorithm to encrypt (and decrypt) a message, which can then be transmitted over a standard communication channel. The algorithm most commonly associated with QKD is the one-time pad, as it is provably secure when used with a secret, random key. In real world situations, it is often also used with encryption using symmetric key algorithms like the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm. In the case of QKD this comparison is based on the assumption of perfect single-photon sources and detectors, that cannot be easily implemented.