- Covenant University Repository
... by regulating the money market indicators for economic and social well being of the country. According to the CBN, money market indicators comprise the Central Bank indicative rate, monetary policy rate (MPR), Treasury bill (NTB: 91-day), narrow and broad money, and other short term interest rates o ...
... by regulating the money market indicators for economic and social well being of the country. According to the CBN, money market indicators comprise the Central Bank indicative rate, monetary policy rate (MPR), Treasury bill (NTB: 91-day), narrow and broad money, and other short term interest rates o ...
Mankiw 5e Chapter 3
... In a closed economy with fixed output, an increase in government spending without any change in taxes will lead to a(n) A. increase in the real interest rate and a decrease in private saving. B. decrease in the real interest rate and an increase in private saving. C. decrease in the real interest ra ...
... In a closed economy with fixed output, an increase in government spending without any change in taxes will lead to a(n) A. increase in the real interest rate and a decrease in private saving. B. decrease in the real interest rate and an increase in private saving. C. decrease in the real interest ra ...
1960s: Experiments with Fiscal Policy
... demand initially, but the expansion and modernization of the capital stock will translate into higher productive capacity in the future. It is for this reason that so much attention in recent years has been focused on tax policies such as investment tax credits and accelerated depreciation aimed at ...
... demand initially, but the expansion and modernization of the capital stock will translate into higher productive capacity in the future. It is for this reason that so much attention in recent years has been focused on tax policies such as investment tax credits and accelerated depreciation aimed at ...
Volume 36, Issue 4
... Our estimates of LRDGDP,INF are larger than the significant ones available, for instance, in Bullard and Keating (1995), namely those for Austria, Germany, Finland and the UK. However, it is also true that from the early sixties to 1992 - their observation period - inflation yearly rates ranged from ...
... Our estimates of LRDGDP,INF are larger than the significant ones available, for instance, in Bullard and Keating (1995), namely those for Austria, Germany, Finland and the UK. However, it is also true that from the early sixties to 1992 - their observation period - inflation yearly rates ranged from ...
STATISTICS SINGAPORE - Quarterly Growth Rates
... to the monitoring and tracking of current economic developments. Quarterly changes or growth rates1 very often provide the initial basis of any assessment of trends, growth momentum and anticipation of turning points. ...
... to the monitoring and tracking of current economic developments. Quarterly changes or growth rates1 very often provide the initial basis of any assessment of trends, growth momentum and anticipation of turning points. ...
CENTRE for ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE DISCUSSION PAPER
... likely that immigration will be a prominent economic, social and political issue in the decades to come. Finally, the international mobility of ideas, knowledge, knowhow and culture is a potent force making for change in economic, social and political affairs. No government striving for national te ...
... likely that immigration will be a prominent economic, social and political issue in the decades to come. Finally, the international mobility of ideas, knowledge, knowhow and culture is a potent force making for change in economic, social and political affairs. No government striving for national te ...
Financial Markets
... What Kind of Risk Are You Willing to Take? • Risk usually means loss of part initial investment, or principal – no-risk investments: insured savings and CDs, U.S. government bonds • Safe investments risk interest rate may not keep up with inflation • Return on riskier investments depends on how prof ...
... What Kind of Risk Are You Willing to Take? • Risk usually means loss of part initial investment, or principal – no-risk investments: insured savings and CDs, U.S. government bonds • Safe investments risk interest rate may not keep up with inflation • Return on riskier investments depends on how prof ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... Bureau of Economic Research Volume Title: NBER International Seminar on Macroeconomics
... spending, and interest rates. A large body of empirical studies documents that an increase in government deficits or debt either has statistically insignificant effects on interest rates or raises them by a statistically significant but economically modest amount. As so often, most of this evidence ...
... spending, and interest rates. A large body of empirical studies documents that an increase in government deficits or debt either has statistically insignificant effects on interest rates or raises them by a statistically significant but economically modest amount. As so often, most of this evidence ...
What Caused the Build-Up of Canada`s Public Debt?
... GDP and thus to changes in the cyclical component, but these effects may be small relative to the other, non-policy sources of economic fluctuation. In addition, the government’s policies will surely have an influence on real interest rates and GDP growth rates, at least in the short run, but other ...
... GDP and thus to changes in the cyclical component, but these effects may be small relative to the other, non-policy sources of economic fluctuation. In addition, the government’s policies will surely have an influence on real interest rates and GDP growth rates, at least in the short run, but other ...
a.s 3.4 - GHEconomics
... We will use the CPI index to do this: both the base year value (1000) and the value for the year we are calculating the RGDP for. ...
... We will use the CPI index to do this: both the base year value (1000) and the value for the year we are calculating the RGDP for. ...
Aggregate Demand I: Building the IS
... • Recall from chapter 3 that, the real interest rate is the inflation-adjusted interest rate • To adjust the nominal interest rate for inflation, you simply subtract the inflation rate from the nominal interest rate – If the bank charges you 5% interest rate on a cash loan, that’s the nominal intere ...
... • Recall from chapter 3 that, the real interest rate is the inflation-adjusted interest rate • To adjust the nominal interest rate for inflation, you simply subtract the inflation rate from the nominal interest rate – If the bank charges you 5% interest rate on a cash loan, that’s the nominal intere ...
Capital Inflows in a Small Open Economy
... model. International trade in this model takes place between two countries under a system of fixed exchange rates and full-employment. An adaptation of the classical diagram invented by Metzler(1960), is updated to include intertemporal maximizing agents, and a small economy that takes the foreign i ...
... model. International trade in this model takes place between two countries under a system of fixed exchange rates and full-employment. An adaptation of the classical diagram invented by Metzler(1960), is updated to include intertemporal maximizing agents, and a small economy that takes the foreign i ...
Chapter 8 - Jacob Schulman
... 2. Debtors: Unanticipated inflation benefits debtors (borrowers) D. Anticipated Inflation 1. Redistribution effects of inflation are less severe or are eliminated if people anticipate inflation & can adjust their nominal incomes to reflect the expected price-level rises 2. If inflation is anticipate ...
... 2. Debtors: Unanticipated inflation benefits debtors (borrowers) D. Anticipated Inflation 1. Redistribution effects of inflation are less severe or are eliminated if people anticipate inflation & can adjust their nominal incomes to reflect the expected price-level rises 2. If inflation is anticipate ...
Document
... M is the quantity of money in the economy V is the velocity of money, or the average number of times per year each dollar is used to purchase final goods and services P is the price level Y is real national output, or real GDP Thus, the quantity of money in circulation multiplied by the number of ti ...
... M is the quantity of money in the economy V is the velocity of money, or the average number of times per year each dollar is used to purchase final goods and services P is the price level Y is real national output, or real GDP Thus, the quantity of money in circulation multiplied by the number of ti ...
Table of Contents - Massachusetts Collectors and Treasurers
... Authority to manage the investment program is granted to the Town Treasurer derived from the following: Massachusetts General Laws, Chapter 44, section 55B and Acts of 1985, Chapter 740. Responsibility for the operation of the investment program is delegated to the Town Treasurer, who shall carry ou ...
... Authority to manage the investment program is granted to the Town Treasurer derived from the following: Massachusetts General Laws, Chapter 44, section 55B and Acts of 1985, Chapter 740. Responsibility for the operation of the investment program is delegated to the Town Treasurer, who shall carry ou ...
11. Capital flows to emerging markets under the flexible dollar standard: a critical view based on the Brazilian
... of foreign exchange. Although foreign direct investment is considered the cheapest form of external finance because some of their profits are reinvested, some authors such as Kregel (1996) claim that the cost of this alternative may in fact well be higher than long-term external debt. Kregel claim ...
... of foreign exchange. Although foreign direct investment is considered the cheapest form of external finance because some of their profits are reinvested, some authors such as Kregel (1996) claim that the cost of this alternative may in fact well be higher than long-term external debt. Kregel claim ...
Interest rate
An interest rate is the rate at which interest is paid by borrowers (debtors) for the use of money that they borrow from lenders (creditors). Specifically, the interest rate is a percentage of principal paid a certain number of times per period for all periods during the total term of the loan or credit. Interest rates are normally expressed as a percentage of the principal for a period of one year, sometimes they are expressed for different periods such as a month or a day. Different interest rates exist parallelly for the same or comparable time periods, depending on the default probability of the borrower, the residual term, the payback currency, and many more determinants of a loan or credit. For example, a company borrows capital from a bank to buy new assets for its business, and in return the lender receives rights on the new assets as collateral and interest at a predetermined interest rate for deferring the use of funds and instead lending it to the borrower.Interest-rate targets are a vital tool of monetary policy and are taken into account when dealing with variables like investment, inflation, and unemployment. The central banks of countries generally tend to reduce interest rates when they wish to increase investment and consumption in the country's economy. However, a low interest rate as a macro-economic policy can be risky and may lead to the creation of an economic bubble, in which large amounts of investments are poured into the real-estate market and stock market. In developed economies, interest-rate adjustments are thus made to keep inflation within a target range for the health of economic activities or cap the interest rate concurrently with economic growth to safeguard economic momentum.