Effect of Negative Emotional Content on Working Memory and Long
... Slides were presented on an iMac,G3, Macintosh computer. The 15 slides each contained the same 15 pictures, arranged in a different, random order on each slide. Pictures were arranged in a grid that was five columns by three rows in size. The order of the slides was pseudorandomized across participa ...
... Slides were presented on an iMac,G3, Macintosh computer. The 15 slides each contained the same 15 pictures, arranged in a different, random order on each slide. Pictures were arranged in a grid that was five columns by three rows in size. The order of the slides was pseudorandomized across participa ...
Memory consolidation, retrograde amnesia, and the temporal lobe
... Yamadori et al., 1996). As far as the temporal lobe is concerned, however, RA results from damage not only to medial temporal regions, but also to ...
... Yamadori et al., 1996). As far as the temporal lobe is concerned, however, RA results from damage not only to medial temporal regions, but also to ...
The Three Amnesias - University of Florida College of Public Health
... classified as one of the basal ganglia. The amygdala is more closely related to limbic and neocortical regions that are of paleocortical derivation, whereas the hippocampus is archicortical, and is more closely related to cortex of archicortical derivation (Pandya & Yeterian 1990). Thus, the amygdal ...
... classified as one of the basal ganglia. The amygdala is more closely related to limbic and neocortical regions that are of paleocortical derivation, whereas the hippocampus is archicortical, and is more closely related to cortex of archicortical derivation (Pandya & Yeterian 1990). Thus, the amygdal ...
Identification of a Functional Connectome for Long
... were tested either 1 day or 36 days later (Figure 2A). As expected, conditioned freezing levels in trained mice were similar at both the short and long retention delay (planned, unpaired t-test: t(14) = 1.31, P = 0.21), indicating that no forgetting occurred across this time period. Control groups, ...
... were tested either 1 day or 36 days later (Figure 2A). As expected, conditioned freezing levels in trained mice were similar at both the short and long retention delay (planned, unpaired t-test: t(14) = 1.31, P = 0.21), indicating that no forgetting occurred across this time period. Control groups, ...
prenatal formation of cortical input and development of
... elaborate efferent axons that reach the nearby neostriaturn. Our findings are also in general agreement with the timing of development of efferent subcortical connections from the primary visual cortex in the same species (Shatz and Rakic, 1981). According to this study, corticotectal and corticogen ...
... elaborate efferent axons that reach the nearby neostriaturn. Our findings are also in general agreement with the timing of development of efferent subcortical connections from the primary visual cortex in the same species (Shatz and Rakic, 1981). According to this study, corticotectal and corticogen ...
CocaineQQQ
... Crack Cocaine Freebase/crack cocaine. Freebase/crack is derived from cocaine hydrochloride which has been chemically treated with ammonia (freebase) or baking-powder (crack) to free the potent base material from the salt. Free-base was originally produced by a dangerous four-or-five step proces ...
... Crack Cocaine Freebase/crack cocaine. Freebase/crack is derived from cocaine hydrochloride which has been chemically treated with ammonia (freebase) or baking-powder (crack) to free the potent base material from the salt. Free-base was originally produced by a dangerous four-or-five step proces ...
A neural basis for a false memory
... Experience often does not produce veridical memory. Understanding false attribution of events constitutes an important problem in memory research. ‘‘Peak shift’’ is a well-characterized, controllable phenomenon in which human and animal subjects that receive reinforcement associated with one sensory ...
... Experience often does not produce veridical memory. Understanding false attribution of events constitutes an important problem in memory research. ‘‘Peak shift’’ is a well-characterized, controllable phenomenon in which human and animal subjects that receive reinforcement associated with one sensory ...
STUFF TO ADD:
... extremely difficult to understand. When we say, for example, that visual aspects of an autobiographical memory are stored in the visual system and not the medial temporal or frontal lobes, under the first metaphor we really mean the following longer and more awkward statement: “It is possible to dam ...
... extremely difficult to understand. When we say, for example, that visual aspects of an autobiographical memory are stored in the visual system and not the medial temporal or frontal lobes, under the first metaphor we really mean the following longer and more awkward statement: “It is possible to dam ...
Study of the human hypoglossal nucleus: Normal development and
... than in control infants. Therefore, we aimed to start from these works to evaluate if the HGN shows morpho-functional alterations not only in SIDS but also in sudden unexplained perinatal deaths, like the alterations in nuclei and/or structures of the brainstem and cerebellum checking vital function ...
... than in control infants. Therefore, we aimed to start from these works to evaluate if the HGN shows morpho-functional alterations not only in SIDS but also in sudden unexplained perinatal deaths, like the alterations in nuclei and/or structures of the brainstem and cerebellum checking vital function ...
Occlusion and brain function: mastication as a prevention of
... function. In old age, however, reduced locomotor activity (36, 37) and senesced peripheral organs do not provide sufficient sensory input (38) to maintain the hippocampal function, leading to a gradual decline (39, 40). At this stage, elimination of sensory input from the masticatory organ may accel ...
... function. In old age, however, reduced locomotor activity (36, 37) and senesced peripheral organs do not provide sufficient sensory input (38) to maintain the hippocampal function, leading to a gradual decline (39, 40). At this stage, elimination of sensory input from the masticatory organ may accel ...
Entrainment of the Fetal Circadian Clock by Temperature Cycles
... Much less is known about the circadian system during development. When, for example, do rhythms develop and when, or how, are they first entrained? Evidence indicates that the SCN, and possibly other clocks, begin to func6on before birth. If so, then it may be appropriate to think of the mother a ...
... Much less is known about the circadian system during development. When, for example, do rhythms develop and when, or how, are they first entrained? Evidence indicates that the SCN, and possibly other clocks, begin to func6on before birth. If so, then it may be appropriate to think of the mother a ...
The Molecular Biology of Memory Storage: A Dialog
... what we remember. However, not all learning experiences are positive. Many psychological and emotional problems result at least in part from our experiences. In addition, specific disorders of learning and memory haunt both the infant and the adult. Down syndrome, fragile X mental retardation, age-r ...
... what we remember. However, not all learning experiences are positive. Many psychological and emotional problems result at least in part from our experiences. In addition, specific disorders of learning and memory haunt both the infant and the adult. Down syndrome, fragile X mental retardation, age-r ...
to receive a reprint - Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences
... frontal gyrus) and Wernicke’s (left posterior superior temporal gyrus) areas. Additionally, high-capacity readers were better able to maintain or increase the synchronization between brain areas when computational demands (modulated by lexical frequency and syntactic complexity) increased. The curre ...
... frontal gyrus) and Wernicke’s (left posterior superior temporal gyrus) areas. Additionally, high-capacity readers were better able to maintain or increase the synchronization between brain areas when computational demands (modulated by lexical frequency and syntactic complexity) increased. The curre ...
Emotional Arousal and Memory Binding
... study, most of the studies finding evidence for attentional narrowing manipulated how arousing a central cue, such as the woman and her bicycle, was (for a review, see Reisberg & Heuer, 2004). Thus, when it is the central cue that elicits the arousal, the attentional narrowing may result from shifts ...
... study, most of the studies finding evidence for attentional narrowing manipulated how arousing a central cue, such as the woman and her bicycle, was (for a review, see Reisberg & Heuer, 2004). Thus, when it is the central cue that elicits the arousal, the attentional narrowing may result from shifts ...
The Role of Working Memory in Reading Disability
... Vellutino, Pruzek, Steger, & Meshoulam, 1973), found that poor readers do not perform less well than good readers on short-term memory tasks with nonspeech stimuli such as doodle drawings or photographs of strangers. With these stimuli, not easily given a phonological label, no significant differenc ...
... Vellutino, Pruzek, Steger, & Meshoulam, 1973), found that poor readers do not perform less well than good readers on short-term memory tasks with nonspeech stimuli such as doodle drawings or photographs of strangers. With these stimuli, not easily given a phonological label, no significant differenc ...
Brain oscillations and memory - Wellcome Trust Centre for
... One specific proposed mechanism is that the information encoded during motion-related theta is transmitted to neocortex by the coherent spiking of large populations of hippocampal neurons during the sharp waves/ripples occurring during subsequent immobility and slow wave sleep, reviewed in [43]. Muc ...
... One specific proposed mechanism is that the information encoded during motion-related theta is transmitted to neocortex by the coherent spiking of large populations of hippocampal neurons during the sharp waves/ripples occurring during subsequent immobility and slow wave sleep, reviewed in [43]. Muc ...
ManuscriptPTA_R1_FINAL - Spiral
... this occasion due to pain or discomfort associated with their head or body injuries. All neuropsychological tasks were completed by the control participants, however not all tasks were completed by every patient at the acute stage due to fatigue. The intention was for all subjects to return for foll ...
... this occasion due to pain or discomfort associated with their head or body injuries. All neuropsychological tasks were completed by the control participants, however not all tasks were completed by every patient at the acute stage due to fatigue. The intention was for all subjects to return for foll ...
The cognitive neuroscience of constructive memory
... been referred to by such terms as prospection (Gilbert 2006; Buckner & Carroll 2007) and episodic future thinking (Atance & O’Neill 2001, 2005). Since the future is not an exact repetition of the past, simulation of future episodes may require a system that can draw on the past in a manner that flex ...
... been referred to by such terms as prospection (Gilbert 2006; Buckner & Carroll 2007) and episodic future thinking (Atance & O’Neill 2001, 2005). Since the future is not an exact repetition of the past, simulation of future episodes may require a system that can draw on the past in a manner that flex ...
The Cognitive Neuroscience of Human Memory Since H.M.
... lobe structures are not needed for immediate memory or for the rehearsal and maintenance of material in what would now be termed working memory. Fourth, H.M. appeared to have good access to facts and events from time periods remote to his surgery. This observation suggested that the medial temporal ...
... lobe structures are not needed for immediate memory or for the rehearsal and maintenance of material in what would now be termed working memory. Fourth, H.M. appeared to have good access to facts and events from time periods remote to his surgery. This observation suggested that the medial temporal ...
The Cognitive Neuroscience of Human Memory Since H.M.
... lobe structures are not needed for immediate memory or for the rehearsal and maintenance of material in what would now be termed working memory. Fourth, H.M. appeared to have good access to facts and events from time periods remote to his surgery. This observation suggested that the medial temporal ...
... lobe structures are not needed for immediate memory or for the rehearsal and maintenance of material in what would now be termed working memory. Fourth, H.M. appeared to have good access to facts and events from time periods remote to his surgery. This observation suggested that the medial temporal ...
Hippocampal Amnesia - Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience
... non-verbal (Burgess et al., 2001; see also Spiers et al., 2001b) material. However, the issue of laterality is not entirely clear, as Kopelman and Stanhope (1998) found a small number of patients with predominantly right-sided lesions to be impaired on episodic memory tasks. The assumption that bila ...
... non-verbal (Burgess et al., 2001; see also Spiers et al., 2001b) material. However, the issue of laterality is not entirely clear, as Kopelman and Stanhope (1998) found a small number of patients with predominantly right-sided lesions to be impaired on episodic memory tasks. The assumption that bila ...
Memory Consolidation and REM Sleep
... to the unwanted memories. The strengths of these individual synapses will be modified during reverse learning so that they will less likely to be activated in the future. The authors of this theory admit that directly testing this theory is difficult, and thus it remains speculative at this time. If ...
... to the unwanted memories. The strengths of these individual synapses will be modified during reverse learning so that they will less likely to be activated in the future. The authors of this theory admit that directly testing this theory is difficult, and thus it remains speculative at this time. If ...
A Neural Circuit Basis for Spatial Working Memory
... sensory stimulation. Different prefrontal neurons exhibit different memory fields, and the overall activity of the population can encode the location of a remembered stimulus. To elucidate the neural mechanisms of spatial working memory, it is desirable to dissect neural activity related to the mnem ...
... sensory stimulation. Different prefrontal neurons exhibit different memory fields, and the overall activity of the population can encode the location of a remembered stimulus. To elucidate the neural mechanisms of spatial working memory, it is desirable to dissect neural activity related to the mnem ...
Prenatal memory
Prenatal memory, also called fetal memory, is important for the development of memory in humans. Many factors can impair fetal memory and its functions, primarily maternal actions. There are multiple techniques available not only to demonstrate the existence of fetal memory but to measure it. Fetal memory is vulnerable to certain diseases so much so that exposure can permanently damage the development of the fetus and even terminate the pregnancy by aborting the fetus. Maternal nutrition and the avoidance of drugs, alcohol and other substances during all nine months of pregnancy (especially the critical period when the nervous system is developing) is important to the development of the fetus and its memory systems. As shown here, certain uses of these substances can entail long-term permanent effects on the fetus that can carry into his or her lifespan. Fetal memory is thus critical to survival of the infant and serves many purposes.