55. The Western Rockall Plateau
... Travel times to basement show that the Hatton-Rockall Basin is irregular in plan (Figures 5, 8) and, in section, is either a broad downflexure with superposed faulting or a wide graben (Figures 9a, b). At 59°N 18°W, the basin trends northeast-southwest parallel to the northwest margin of the plateau ...
... Travel times to basement show that the Hatton-Rockall Basin is irregular in plan (Figures 5, 8) and, in section, is either a broad downflexure with superposed faulting or a wide graben (Figures 9a, b). At 59°N 18°W, the basin trends northeast-southwest parallel to the northwest margin of the plateau ...
A model of intracratonic basin formation, entailing deep crustal
... Snell 1976; McKenzie 1978). These mechanisms may be considered as 'primary' mechanisms of basin formation in the sense that such mechanisms may initiate basin subsidence. Sediment and water loading of a basin and their effect on subsidence may be considered a natural consequence of a primary mechani ...
... Snell 1976; McKenzie 1978). These mechanisms may be considered as 'primary' mechanisms of basin formation in the sense that such mechanisms may initiate basin subsidence. Sediment and water loading of a basin and their effect on subsidence may be considered a natural consequence of a primary mechani ...
51. formation and destruction of the eratosthenes seamount, eastern
... The history of the Eratosthenes Seamount, as recorded by drilling at Site 967, began with the accumulation of shallow-water platform carbonates including coral, calcareous red algae, and occasional large foraminifers (Emeis, Robertson, Richter, et al., 1996; Robertson, Chap. 32, this volume). The Fo ...
... The history of the Eratosthenes Seamount, as recorded by drilling at Site 967, began with the accumulation of shallow-water platform carbonates including coral, calcareous red algae, and occasional large foraminifers (Emeis, Robertson, Richter, et al., 1996; Robertson, Chap. 32, this volume). The Fo ...
Geology of the Southern Carnarvon Basin
... geometries (Figure 4). Steeply dipping normal faults on the boundary between the Paleozoic platform and Mesozoic depocentres are shown in Figure 5. A strike line across one of these depocentres (Figure 6) shows significant faulting and folding within the syn-rift strata as well as a large number of ...
... geometries (Figure 4). Steeply dipping normal faults on the boundary between the Paleozoic platform and Mesozoic depocentres are shown in Figure 5. A strike line across one of these depocentres (Figure 6) shows significant faulting and folding within the syn-rift strata as well as a large number of ...
Stratigraphic and structural evolution of the Blue Nile Basin
... Field and remote sensing studies have been focused on four accessible key areas along the Gorge of the Nile (Figure 2) that expose representative Mesozoic and Cenozoic stratigraphic successions and allow for examination of various structural styles and orientations (areas 1, 2, 3 and 4 on Figure 2). ...
... Field and remote sensing studies have been focused on four accessible key areas along the Gorge of the Nile (Figure 2) that expose representative Mesozoic and Cenozoic stratigraphic successions and allow for examination of various structural styles and orientations (areas 1, 2, 3 and 4 on Figure 2). ...
7. Early Evolution of the South Atlantic Ocean: Role of the Rifting
... lines of weakness were reactivated (Figs. 3, 4). Within the T-to-R unit, the presence of seismic reflectors having a slope intermediate between those of T and R records episodes of tectonic activity during the tilting of blocks (Fig. 4). Basic lavas 690 m thick and a few alkaline lavas belonging to ...
... lines of weakness were reactivated (Figs. 3, 4). Within the T-to-R unit, the presence of seismic reflectors having a slope intermediate between those of T and R records episodes of tectonic activity during the tilting of blocks (Fig. 4). Basic lavas 690 m thick and a few alkaline lavas belonging to ...
deep sea drilling in the northern indian ocean
... Earth’s evolutionary history through the geologic time has been distinctly recorded in the rocks on its surface as well as at depths. The seafloor sediments and extrusive volcanic rocks represent the most recent snapshot of geological events. Beneath this cover, buried in sedimentary sections and th ...
... Earth’s evolutionary history through the geologic time has been distinctly recorded in the rocks on its surface as well as at depths. The seafloor sediments and extrusive volcanic rocks represent the most recent snapshot of geological events. Beneath this cover, buried in sedimentary sections and th ...
The Eastern Offshore Extension into the Western Mediterranean of
... relict bars are northeast-southwest trending sediment waves with their steep sides facing southeast. Similar, but having less reliefs also occur in secondary bars between bars 7 and 8 parallel to La Manga (Fig. 3B). These sediment drifts have been reported as far north as the Columbretes Islands at ...
... relict bars are northeast-southwest trending sediment waves with their steep sides facing southeast. Similar, but having less reliefs also occur in secondary bars between bars 7 and 8 parallel to La Manga (Fig. 3B). These sediment drifts have been reported as far north as the Columbretes Islands at ...
Sequence stratigraphy of source and reservoir rocks in the
... four major organic-rich shale units which are potential source rocks for hydrocarbons. They include marine shales of the Upper Permian Ravnefjeld Formation (Fig. 2), the Middle Jurassic Sortehat Formation and the Upper Jurassic Hareelv Formation (Fig. 4) and lacustrine shales of the uppermost Triass ...
... four major organic-rich shale units which are potential source rocks for hydrocarbons. They include marine shales of the Upper Permian Ravnefjeld Formation (Fig. 2), the Middle Jurassic Sortehat Formation and the Upper Jurassic Hareelv Formation (Fig. 4) and lacustrine shales of the uppermost Triass ...
Paleogeography, Southwestern US
... rise: "The continental shelf of the South Polar land lies four times lower than normal," New Scientist reported, "suggesting that if the ice (more than a mile thick below sea level at some points) were removed, the continental surface would rise." This is called post-glacial rebound. Fascinatingly, ...
... rise: "The continental shelf of the South Polar land lies four times lower than normal," New Scientist reported, "suggesting that if the ice (more than a mile thick below sea level at some points) were removed, the continental surface would rise." This is called post-glacial rebound. Fascinatingly, ...
An integrated geophysical analysis of crustal structure in the Wichita
... fault. A strong discontinuous event at 5 sec (~13 km) appears to truncate beds below it and is interpreted as an erosional unconformity. Other continuous events of moderate amplitude appear to onlap and downlap onto lower horizons, suggesting depositional horizons of either a clastic sedimentary or ...
... fault. A strong discontinuous event at 5 sec (~13 km) appears to truncate beds below it and is interpreted as an erosional unconformity. Other continuous events of moderate amplitude appear to onlap and downlap onto lower horizons, suggesting depositional horizons of either a clastic sedimentary or ...
seismic survey - Mineral Resources Tasmania
... The Tertiary sediments of the Longford Sub-basin cover an area of ~ 950 sq kms extending from Quamby Brook in the north, to Lake River and Hummocky Hills in the south; and from the foothills of the Great Western Tiers in the west to the flanks of Grassy Hut Tier and Mt Arnon in the east. These sedim ...
... The Tertiary sediments of the Longford Sub-basin cover an area of ~ 950 sq kms extending from Quamby Brook in the north, to Lake River and Hummocky Hills in the south; and from the foothills of the Great Western Tiers in the west to the flanks of Grassy Hut Tier and Mt Arnon in the east. These sedim ...
Guide_CarbonerasFieldTrip
... indicators within the fault rocks and stratigraphic constraints show that the fault displacement pattern is close to pure strike-slip (Rutter et al. 2012). The country rocks between the fault cores are typically variably damaged by crack networks. The depth of burial during the formation of the faul ...
... indicators within the fault rocks and stratigraphic constraints show that the fault displacement pattern is close to pure strike-slip (Rutter et al. 2012). The country rocks between the fault cores are typically variably damaged by crack networks. The depth of burial during the formation of the faul ...
Hydrothermal vent Activities At the Gjallar Ridge In the
... The heat of Earth’s interior is thought to have several sources. Apart from the heat derived from the formation of the planet, the earth-interior’s heat is generated by natural decay of radioactive isotopes of elements including potassium-40, uranium-235 and thorium-232 in the mantle and rocks of th ...
... The heat of Earth’s interior is thought to have several sources. Apart from the heat derived from the formation of the planet, the earth-interior’s heat is generated by natural decay of radioactive isotopes of elements including potassium-40, uranium-235 and thorium-232 in the mantle and rocks of th ...
Kinematics of the South Atlantic rift
... African and South American plates during the final breakup of western Gondwana. While the relative motions between South America and Africa for post-breakup times are well resolved, many issues pertaining to the fit reconstruction and particular the relation between kinematics and lithosphere dynami ...
... African and South American plates during the final breakup of western Gondwana. While the relative motions between South America and Africa for post-breakup times are well resolved, many issues pertaining to the fit reconstruction and particular the relation between kinematics and lithosphere dynami ...
Wanke et al_Karoo unconformities
... Fluvial and aeolian deposits below the Etendeka Group volcanics have traditionally been ascribed to the Etjo Formation (e.g. Miller and Schalk, 1980), including the basal Krone Member. It was only when Early Cretaceous K/Ar ages were derived from lavas above the “Etjo correlates” in the Etendeka seq ...
... Fluvial and aeolian deposits below the Etendeka Group volcanics have traditionally been ascribed to the Etjo Formation (e.g. Miller and Schalk, 1980), including the basal Krone Member. It was only when Early Cretaceous K/Ar ages were derived from lavas above the “Etjo correlates” in the Etendeka seq ...
Lawrence University Weeding List 390
... I 19.3: 1917-O Miocene cooling in the southwestern powder river basin I 19.3: 1917-N resources in sedimentary rocks of the powder river basin and adjacent uplifts I 19.3: 1917-M Cambrian through Mississippian rocks of the Powder River basin I 19.3: 1917-L ...
... I 19.3: 1917-O Miocene cooling in the southwestern powder river basin I 19.3: 1917-N resources in sedimentary rocks of the powder river basin and adjacent uplifts I 19.3: 1917-M Cambrian through Mississippian rocks of the Powder River basin I 19.3: 1917-L ...
Magnetic Mineralogy of Continental Deposits, San Juan Basin, New
... chron CRM overprints are not difficult to recognize, but more extensive normal overprints may be more difficult to identify. In Tertiary sedimentary rocks it is not possible to distinguish between the present axial dipole field direction and the normal-polarity direction at the time of deposition be ...
... chron CRM overprints are not difficult to recognize, but more extensive normal overprints may be more difficult to identify. In Tertiary sedimentary rocks it is not possible to distinguish between the present axial dipole field direction and the normal-polarity direction at the time of deposition be ...
Philippine Sea Plate inception, evolution, and consumption with
... Philippine Arc (see Fig. 1) is outlined by the Benioff zones and tomography anomalies (Kao and Chen 1991; Bijwaard et al. 1998; Wang et al. 2008). Removal of the PSP edges through tectonic erosion has also been documented, especially along the Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) Trench (Hussong and Uyeda 1981; ...
... Philippine Arc (see Fig. 1) is outlined by the Benioff zones and tomography anomalies (Kao and Chen 1991; Bijwaard et al. 1998; Wang et al. 2008). Removal of the PSP edges through tectonic erosion has also been documented, especially along the Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) Trench (Hussong and Uyeda 1981; ...
Post-Paleozoic activity
... At the end of the Paleozoic Era, continental accretion had formed a broadly convex landmass that extended from about paleolatitude 70° to 60° (Robinson, 1973). It had an area of about 184 x lo6 km2, a broad central arch rising about 1.7 km and 720 km across, and an average elevation in excess of 1 ...
... At the end of the Paleozoic Era, continental accretion had formed a broadly convex landmass that extended from about paleolatitude 70° to 60° (Robinson, 1973). It had an area of about 184 x lo6 km2, a broad central arch rising about 1.7 km and 720 km across, and an average elevation in excess of 1 ...
Kinematics of the South Atlantic rift
... break-up of western Gondwana. While the relative motions between South America and Africa for post-break-up times are well resolved, many issues pertaining to the fit reconstruction and particularly the relation between kinematics and lithosphere dynamics during pre-break-up remain unclear in curren ...
... break-up of western Gondwana. While the relative motions between South America and Africa for post-break-up times are well resolved, many issues pertaining to the fit reconstruction and particularly the relation between kinematics and lithosphere dynamics during pre-break-up remain unclear in curren ...
The Indonesian Sedimentologists Forum (FOSI)
... The Langkawi group of 99 islands off the northwest coast of Malaysian Peninsula is located some 30 km off the coast of Perlis and 112 km north of Penang. These islands are a paradise for geologists, including some of the best and most interesting exposures of Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks in Malaysia ...
... The Langkawi group of 99 islands off the northwest coast of Malaysian Peninsula is located some 30 km off the coast of Perlis and 112 km north of Penang. These islands are a paradise for geologists, including some of the best and most interesting exposures of Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks in Malaysia ...
The lithology, geochemistry, and metamorphic gradation of the
... Metamorphic evolution and its variability with depth The extent of individual metamorphic zones in the surroundings of the Cheb basin (see Fig. 1), namely the zones of biotite and chlorite, points to relatively flat, regional metamorphic zoning. The results of drilling exploration in the broader sur ...
... Metamorphic evolution and its variability with depth The extent of individual metamorphic zones in the surroundings of the Cheb basin (see Fig. 1), namely the zones of biotite and chlorite, points to relatively flat, regional metamorphic zoning. The results of drilling exploration in the broader sur ...
Kerguelen plateau : a volcanic passive margin fragment ?
... lines 4, 5 (Raggatt basin), and 7 (Enderby basin). Upper inset shows location of Kerguelen Plateau in Indian Ocean. On main map circles mark location of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 738 and 750; star indicates where continental samples were dredged in Labuan basin. Lower inset shows detailed O ...
... lines 4, 5 (Raggatt basin), and 7 (Enderby basin). Upper inset shows location of Kerguelen Plateau in Indian Ocean. On main map circles mark location of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 738 and 750; star indicates where continental samples were dredged in Labuan basin. Lower inset shows detailed O ...
Possibilities and restrictions of heavy-mineral analysis
... tectonic evolution of these sedimentary basins are present in spite of the prevailing volcanogenic components in the mineral composition. The points of the heavy-mineral composition in the lithogeodynamic diagram distinctly show different mineral assemblages for the Oligocene-Early Miocene, the Midd ...
... tectonic evolution of these sedimentary basins are present in spite of the prevailing volcanogenic components in the mineral composition. The points of the heavy-mineral composition in the lithogeodynamic diagram distinctly show different mineral assemblages for the Oligocene-Early Miocene, the Midd ...
Messinian salinity crisis
The Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC), also referred to as the Messinian Event, and in its latest stage as the Lago Mare event, was a geological event during which the Mediterranean Sea went into a cycle of partly or nearly complete desiccation throughout the latter part of the Messinian age of the Miocene epoch, from 5.96 to 5.33 Ma (million years ago). It ended with the Zanclean flood, when the Atlantic reclaimed the basin.Sediment samples from below the deep seafloor of the Mediterranean Sea, which include evaporite minerals, soils, and fossil plants, show that, about 5.96 million years ago in the late Miocene period, the precursor of the Strait of Gibraltar closed tight and the Mediterranean Sea, for the first time and then repeatedly, partially desiccated. The strait closed 5.6 Ma for the last time and, because of the generally dry climate conditions, within a millennium the Mediterranean basin nearly completely dried out, evaporating into a deep dry basin bottoming at some places 3 to 5 km (1.9 to 3.1 mi) below the world ocean level, with a few hypersaline Dead Sea-like pockets. Around 5.5 Ma, less dry climatic conditions allowed the basin to resume receiving more fresh water from rivers, with pockets of Caspian-like brackish waters getting progressively less hyper-saline, until the Strait of Gibraltar finally reopened 5.33 Ma with the Zanclean flood.Even now the Mediterranean is saltier than the North Atlantic because of its near isolation by the Strait of Gibraltar and its high rate of evaporation. If the Strait of Gibraltar closes again, which is likely to happen in the near geological future (though extremely distantly on a human time scale), the Mediterranean would mostly evaporate in about a thousand years. After that, continued northward movement of Africa may obliterate the Mediterranean: see Mediterranean Ridge.