THE EVOLUTION OF OCEAN BASINS
... High rates of biogenic (organically derived) sedimentation caused bathymetric features to be smothered, and they become much less obvious south of about 16°N. Further north, the post-Miocene biogenic sediments give way to a thinner sequence of terrigenous (landderived) clays, sands and gravels. The ...
... High rates of biogenic (organically derived) sedimentation caused bathymetric features to be smothered, and they become much less obvious south of about 16°N. Further north, the post-Miocene biogenic sediments give way to a thinner sequence of terrigenous (landderived) clays, sands and gravels. The ...
and Install Restart PowerPoint Create Play Slide Show
... The oceans of Planet Earth have four major parts. We often think of these parts as separate oceans, but they are all connected to each other. Arctic Ocean Pacific Ocean ...
... The oceans of Planet Earth have four major parts. We often think of these parts as separate oceans, but they are all connected to each other. Arctic Ocean Pacific Ocean ...
On the Origin of the Mediterranean Sea and its Surrounding
... rear of this mountain range there is always a depression which is either filled with water (e.g. Western Mediterranean Sea) or with young/recent sediments (e.g. Pannonian plain, Hungaria). The back of that sub-structure is always “open”. If volcanism occurs it mainly tends to happen along the inner ...
... rear of this mountain range there is always a depression which is either filled with water (e.g. Western Mediterranean Sea) or with young/recent sediments (e.g. Pannonian plain, Hungaria). The back of that sub-structure is always “open”. If volcanism occurs it mainly tends to happen along the inner ...
Tectonic subsidence history and source
... quantitatively estimate the depth that the basement would be in the absence of sediment and water loading. - The aim of backstripping is to analyse the subsidence history of a basin by modelling a progressive reversal of the depositional process. - Commonly applied to extensional basins - Determines ...
... quantitatively estimate the depth that the basement would be in the absence of sediment and water loading. - The aim of backstripping is to analyse the subsidence history of a basin by modelling a progressive reversal of the depositional process. - Commonly applied to extensional basins - Determines ...
Messinian salinity crisis
The Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC), also referred to as the Messinian Event, and in its latest stage as the Lago Mare event, was a geological event during which the Mediterranean Sea went into a cycle of partly or nearly complete desiccation throughout the latter part of the Messinian age of the Miocene epoch, from 5.96 to 5.33 Ma (million years ago). It ended with the Zanclean flood, when the Atlantic reclaimed the basin.Sediment samples from below the deep seafloor of the Mediterranean Sea, which include evaporite minerals, soils, and fossil plants, show that, about 5.96 million years ago in the late Miocene period, the precursor of the Strait of Gibraltar closed tight and the Mediterranean Sea, for the first time and then repeatedly, partially desiccated. The strait closed 5.6 Ma for the last time and, because of the generally dry climate conditions, within a millennium the Mediterranean basin nearly completely dried out, evaporating into a deep dry basin bottoming at some places 3 to 5 km (1.9 to 3.1 mi) below the world ocean level, with a few hypersaline Dead Sea-like pockets. Around 5.5 Ma, less dry climatic conditions allowed the basin to resume receiving more fresh water from rivers, with pockets of Caspian-like brackish waters getting progressively less hyper-saline, until the Strait of Gibraltar finally reopened 5.33 Ma with the Zanclean flood.Even now the Mediterranean is saltier than the North Atlantic because of its near isolation by the Strait of Gibraltar and its high rate of evaporation. If the Strait of Gibraltar closes again, which is likely to happen in the near geological future (though extremely distantly on a human time scale), the Mediterranean would mostly evaporate in about a thousand years. After that, continued northward movement of Africa may obliterate the Mediterranean: see Mediterranean Ridge.