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No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... A circular DNA molecule from a bacteria called a Plasmid The E. coli bacteria has dozens of different plasmids A section of the human DNA containing the gene you need An enzyme to join the bacterial DNA and human DNA called ligase ...
rnalabreport_1
rnalabreport_1

... Objectivity - Excessive expressions of emotion, opinions, and stereotyping are tip-offs that the information on a site may be biased. Ownership and contributors - Go to the Home or About page of the website and find out who sponsors and writes for the site. Look for contributors who have reliable cr ...
Study Guide 8 - Bacterial Genetics Chptr 8
Study Guide 8 - Bacterial Genetics Chptr 8

... What types of mutations can base substitutions cause? Explain how intercalating agents cause mutations. How does UV light cause mutations? How do X-rays cause mutations? How are thymine dimers repaired? What would the consequence be to a cell if it didn't have an SOS system? What is the purpose of a ...
8 How Cellular Information is Altered
8 How Cellular Information is Altered

... Direct selection: an example of direct selection to find a mutant resistant to an antibiotic or toxic compound Indirect selection: isolate mutants that are deficient in their capacity to produce a necessary growth factor ...
2.5 Genetics - Elaine Galvin
2.5 Genetics - Elaine Galvin

... A haploid sex cell which is capable of fusion The fusion of 2[haploid] gametes to form a [diploid] zygote An alternative form of a gene Has identical alleles [for a trait] Has different alleles [for a trait] The genetic make-up of an individual Physical appearance of an organism One allele masks the ...
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering

... the positive end of the apparatus because opposites attract. •8. The different size DNA fragments travel different distances. The largest fragments move the least distance and the shorter fragments move the most. •9. A dye is added and a banding pattern is revealed. This banding pattern is unique to ...
Slide 1 - tacademy.ca
Slide 1 - tacademy.ca

... Chromosome – a thread-like structure made mostly of DNA, found in the nucleus of a cell DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) – material found in the cell nucleus that contains genetic information Gene – a segment of DNA that controls protein production ...
Chapter 13 – Genetic Engineering
Chapter 13 – Genetic Engineering

... negatively charged and will travel toward the positive end of the gel. – The larger pieces of DNA move slower, the ...
Clike here - University of Evansville Faculty Web sites
Clike here - University of Evansville Faculty Web sites

PowerPoint Presentation - No Slide Title
PowerPoint Presentation - No Slide Title

... The restriction-fragment length experiment we looked at before could use PCR instead of a radioactive probe. If we amplify large quantities of the region of interest from a small amount of genomic DNA, and then do the restriction digest, the fragments we are interested in will be the only ones on t ...
Objectives Unit 5
Objectives Unit 5

... 1) How do living systems store, retrieve, and transmit genetic information critical to life processes? 2) How does the expression of genetic material control cell products which, in turn, determine the metabolism and nature of the cell? 3) What is the relationship between changes in genotype and phe ...
Topic 4: Genetics - wfs
Topic 4: Genetics - wfs

... 4. DNA profiling produces DNA bands which allow comparison. 5. The Human Genome Project sequenced the entire human genome and found there to be 25000 to 30000 genes. Not only did the project strive to find the total genes but it attempted to find each gene’s location and each gene’s base sequence. 6 ...
Zoo/Bot 3333
Zoo/Bot 3333

... experiment. Four pairs of PCR primers ...
PP-WEEK-12-CLASS
PP-WEEK-12-CLASS

... the genetic makeup – Introduces very specific characteristics – Use enzymes to manipulate DNA – Recombinant DNA - new form of DNA that is introduced – Gene cloning – splicing genes from a variety of species into a host cell – Gene therapy – inserting, deleting or manipulating genes in order to cure ...
DNA - EPHS Knowles Biology
DNA - EPHS Knowles Biology

... 8. Where does replication occur in the cell? 9. What does replication mean? 10. If you start with one DNA molecule, how many DNA molecules do you have at the end of replication? 11. What is the shape of a DNA molecule? 12. Name the two scientists that came up with the name for the DNA molecule. 13. ...
PowerPoint
PowerPoint

... MS-LS1-3 Use argument supported by evidence for how the body is a system of interacting subsystems composed of groups of cells. [Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on the conceptual understanding that cells form tissues and tissues form organs specialized for particular body functions. Examples co ...
DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair
DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

... A DNA segment has information for making the protein hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in your red blood cells One allele will give information for producing normal hemoglobin -Another allele (ONLY 1 base different) produces hemoglobin with 1 different amino acid This difference makes the hemoglobin ...
Salmonella typhimurium
Salmonella typhimurium

... • The phenotype of an organism is its observable properties • The genotype is the set of alleles it has for all of its genes (5,000 in bacteria; 40,000 in humans) • The relationship between genotype and phenotype is what genetics is all about • New alleles are created by mutation and their effect th ...
C503
C503

Biotechnology
Biotechnology

... in banding patterns. ...
Fertilisation, development and DNA
Fertilisation, development and DNA

... organs i.e. ovary, testes, vagina, penis, uterus, oviduct and sperm. I can state that both sex cells only contain half the genetic information of a normal body cell. I can describe the fertilization process as the fusing of an egg and a sperm so it has a complete set of genetic information to make a ...
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sdfgdfgdsfgdfgdfg

Final Exam Review (Spring 09)
Final Exam Review (Spring 09)

... 3. Tell how DNA codes for protein (DNA  mRNA  construction of a protein). 4. Describe the history of how DNA was discovered and studied, including the names of the scientists and what year its structure was identified. 5. Construct a chain of DNA (12 bases), and then translate the message into a ...
Chapter 4 Cellular Metabolism
Chapter 4 Cellular Metabolism

PASS Leader Info
PASS Leader Info

... 49. Suppose you have an actively growing culture of E. coli to which you add radioactively labelled guanine (G). You allow the culture to grow for 1 more generation (ie every cell undergoes one more round of replication). What do you predict for the resulting cells? 1) All cells would contain radioa ...
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DNA supercoil



DNA supercoiling refers to the over- or under-winding of a DNA strand, and is an expression of the strain on that strand. Supercoiling is important in a number of biological processes, such as compacting DNA. Additionally, certain enzymes such as topoisomerases are able to change DNA topology to facilitate functions such as DNA replication or transcription. Mathematical expressions are used to describe supercoiling by comparing different coiled states to relaxed B-form DNA.As a general rule, the DNA of most organisms is negatively supercoiled.
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