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Chapter 25
Chapter 25

... 3. The initiation sites are either A or G (purine sequence). • Elongation process 1. Holoenzyme binds very tightly (Kd = 10-12 M) to the promoter. 2. RNA synthesis is immediately started (Elongation direction is 5’→3’ direction). The substrates are ATP, GTP, CTP, and UTP, and PPi is one of products. ...
DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis Note Packet
DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis Note Packet

... between ___________________________. The proteins that are made will determine what _____________ show up in the offspring. 4. _______________________: The process by which DNA directs the synthesis of proteins. 5. The expression of genes includes two stages ___________________ and _________________ ...
1. A brief overview of sequencing biochemistry
1. A brief overview of sequencing biochemistry

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Pfu DNA Polymerase Product Information 9PIM774

... Please contact them for applications or technical assistance. If you are not completely satisfied with any Promega PCR product we will send a replacement or refund your account. ...
Chapter 4
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Cloning vectors - Assiut University
Cloning vectors - Assiut University

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... 16. [6 points] In the initiation of transcription in E. coli, the catalytic subunit of RNA polymerase first combines with the ___σ______ subunit to form the RNA polymerase holoenzyme complex which then binds to the DNA promoter to form the ____closed_________ complex. Melting of the DNA duplex by th ...
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DNA Replication and Protein_Synthesis
DNA Replication and Protein_Synthesis

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... Neurospora transformants were observed with both types of plasmid DNA minipreps (Table I). The alkaline extraction preparations proved to be the most effective for transformation. However, in all cases the number of transformants obtained was substantially lower (one-fifth to one-twentieth) than the ...
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PLASMA PROTEINS Plasma is non-cellular portion of blood. The

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Bio 101 Homework 2 Prof. Fournier
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Align the DNA sequences
Align the DNA sequences

... Organism 1- A T G G G C T G T C A A Organism 2- A T G G G T G T C A A T At first glance, organism 1 and 2 appear to have dramatically different DNA sequences. In fact, they seem to share only 6 of the 12 bases being examined (50% sequence homology). Now examine these sequences properly aligned: Orga ...
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... comes together, matched gene by gene, to form a four-part structure called a _____________. • Chromatids pair so tight that sometimes non-sister chromatids from homologous chromosomes sometimes exchange genetic material in a process known as ...
DNA cloning
DNA cloning

... 8. Describe how antibiotic resistance genes and the beta-galactosidase gene can be used to determine if foreign DNA has been inserted into a vector. 9. Understand why the following are important for cloning vectors: selectable markers, gene inactivation, means of replication, unique restriction site ...
protein synthesis
protein synthesis

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Einstein Technologies (Tools/Platforms/Software)
Einstein Technologies (Tools/Platforms/Software)

... Methods and kits are provided for testing the functional effect of methylating different cytosine residues, for testing patterns of DNA methylation on gene expression, and for site-specific methylation, as well as methylated DNA constructs. Methods are provided that include steps of denaturing a cir ...
DNA Replication
DNA Replication

... and synthesis proceeds in a discontinuous manner on the lagging strand. The final replication product does not have any nicks because DNA ligase forms a covalent phosphodiester linkage between 3'-hydroxyl and 5'-phosphate groups. ...
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DNA supercoil



DNA supercoiling refers to the over- or under-winding of a DNA strand, and is an expression of the strain on that strand. Supercoiling is important in a number of biological processes, such as compacting DNA. Additionally, certain enzymes such as topoisomerases are able to change DNA topology to facilitate functions such as DNA replication or transcription. Mathematical expressions are used to describe supercoiling by comparing different coiled states to relaxed B-form DNA.As a general rule, the DNA of most organisms is negatively supercoiled.
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