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Mutations - Kaikoura High School
Mutations - Kaikoura High School

... • If they occur in somatic cells then they are non-inheritable, if in gametes then can be passed on to offspring. • Can be due to mistakes in DNA replication (spontaneous) or caused by mutagenic agents e.g. UV light, ionising radiation, Xrays, chemicals, viruses ...
Cells in culture.
Cells in culture.

Station 1
Station 1

... After the mutation, 7 of the 10 codons now code for a different amino acid than the original sequence did. In addition, a single adenine (A) base ends the strand. This frame-shift mutation will cause massive changes in the types of protein produced by the new strand. ...
10.2 Genetics 2 - Mendel, etc Higher level only
10.2 Genetics 2 - Mendel, etc Higher level only

... Non-nuclear DNA does not undergo meiosis or fertilisation during sexual reproduction. so some parts of the offspring’s cells get all of their genetic information from the mother only. ...
PowerPoint PDF Printout
PowerPoint PDF Printout

... Image: Peptide Synthesis Diagram: Boumphreyfr, Wiki; Replication Diagram: Madprime, Wiki ...
A general and rapid mutagenesis method using polymerase chain
A general and rapid mutagenesis method using polymerase chain

Keystone Review Packet
Keystone Review Packet

... i. the principle of independent assortment states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes 12. some alleles are neither dominant nor recessive, and many traits are controlled by multiple alleles or multiple genes a. incomplete dominance (RedXWhite = ...
Biology Keystone Review Packet This packet contains information to
Biology Keystone Review Packet This packet contains information to

... 4. Hemophilia is an inheritable genetic disorder that prohibits the proper formation of blood clots. The recessive gene that causes hemophilia is located on the X-chromosome. Given this information, which of the following statements is true? a. In order for a male offspring to be a hemophiliac, his ...
The Goldstein family is of Ashkenazi Jewish descent
The Goldstein family is of Ashkenazi Jewish descent

... build up in the nerve cells of the brain, resulting in a deterioration of brain function that ultimately leads to paralysis and death before the age of 5. A person with Tay Sachs disease lacks a protein (enzyme) called hexosaminidase A, which is necessary for breaking down certain fatty substances. ...
Patterns of Inheritance 10 Grade - Delaware Department of Education
Patterns of Inheritance 10 Grade - Delaware Department of Education

... build up in the nerve cells of the brain, resulting in a deterioration of brain function that ultimately leads to paralysis and death before the age of 5. A person with Tay Sachs disease lacks a protein (enzyme) called hexosaminidase A, which is necessary for breaking down certain fatty substances. ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... recombinations ...
Lecture
Lecture

... Each person has a unique set of fingerprints. As with a person’s fingerprint no two individuals share the same genetic makeup. This genetic makeup, which is the hereditary blueprint imparted to us by our parents, is stored in the chemical deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the basic molecule of life. Exam ...
El Paso Community College Syllabus Part II Official Course
El Paso Community College Syllabus Part II Official Course

... Unit VI. Gene Control of Proteins ...
Basic Principles of Human Genetics
Basic Principles of Human Genetics

... Eddy is a 4-year-old boy brought in by his parents because of recurrent cough. He has had two bouts of pneumonia, which were treated with antibiotics, over the past 2 months. Now he is sick again, having never stopped coughing since the last episode of pneumonia. He has also been noted by his parent ...
lecture 20 notes
lecture 20 notes

... • Cross P into a lab strain and maintain a population in bottles • Experimentally, population may live or die • Which is likely to do better, a large or small population? • When this experiment has been done, large populations are more likely to survive ...
Recombinant DNA Technology
Recombinant DNA Technology

... • A search can then show whether your sequence was expressed in that tissue. – quantitation issues: some mRNAs are present in much higher concentration than others. Many EST libraries are “normalized” by ...
investigating dna
investigating dna

... organisms that reproduce asexually or monozygotic twins, individuals have unique traits caused by unique arrangements of these base pairs. Genetic information can be paired down to the functional level of genes. Every gene code has a unique and specific protein. Each protein has a specialized role w ...
Introduction to Genetic Analysis 9/e
Introduction to Genetic Analysis 9/e

... Each phenotype number is counted in every sample (exconjugants) Colony number goes up as the sample extraction time ...
DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination
DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

... dsDNA via reverse transcriptase, cDNA Random integration by integrase Retroviral genome flanked by LTR, long terminal repeats (250-600bp) ...
Lecture Chpt. 18 I Virus
Lecture Chpt. 18 I Virus

... favors the mutant bacteria w/ protein receptors that have an altered shape – no longer recognizable by phage ...
DNA sequencing
DNA sequencing

... form of single nucleotide polymorphisms, or SNPs (pronounced "snips"). As their name implies, these are variations that involve just one nucleotide, or base. ~ frequency: once every 100-300 bp ~ may be “disease causing mutations” occur in non-coding regions of DNA some alter the restriction enzyme r ...
Transcription and Translation Made Easy
Transcription and Translation Made Easy

... Do all point mutations cause disruption to the protein? Explain your answer. No, because there may be several base combinations that create the same amino acid. When DNA is added or deleted, what happens to each of the codes on the mRNA strand and what is this type of mutation called? According to i ...
Solid Waste in History
Solid Waste in History

...  Asymmetric creation of a growing bud, on the mother cell.  The bud increases in size and eventually severed from the parental cell.  After division is complete, the mother cell reinitiates the process by growing another bud.  Yeast and some bacteria (Caulobacter is one example) use this form of ...
Biology STAAR EOC Fall 2011
Biology STAAR EOC Fall 2011

... 8. Compare mitosis and meiosis using a Venn-Diagram. Highlight the most crucial difference. ...
INTRODUCTION TO BACTERIAL GENETICS
INTRODUCTION TO BACTERIAL GENETICS

... machinery is present. Most noteworthy, there is a single, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule, which carries the bacterium's genetic information, there are thousands of ribosomes, which serve as the workbenches for protein synthesis, and there are infoldings of the plasma membrane, which organize ...
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DNA supercoil



DNA supercoiling refers to the over- or under-winding of a DNA strand, and is an expression of the strain on that strand. Supercoiling is important in a number of biological processes, such as compacting DNA. Additionally, certain enzymes such as topoisomerases are able to change DNA topology to facilitate functions such as DNA replication or transcription. Mathematical expressions are used to describe supercoiling by comparing different coiled states to relaxed B-form DNA.As a general rule, the DNA of most organisms is negatively supercoiled.
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