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Cow DNA: How DNA Controls the Workings of the Cell
Cow DNA: How DNA Controls the Workings of the Cell

... 3. Could two humans (or two cows) have some differences in their DNA sequences for insulin, yet still make the exact same insulin proteins? Explain. ...
File - Ms. Wilson`s Biology Class
File - Ms. Wilson`s Biology Class

... Click “protein synthesis” (upper right). Click “upzip”. This is where you will transcribe DNA to RNA, have a ribosome read a ‘Codon’ from the RNA and put amino acids together to form a protein in a process called translation. Base pair the nucleotides for just one half of the DNA. Read the script, a ...
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BioSc 231 Exam 3 2005
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... Meselson and Stahl used a heavy form of nitrogen to demonstrate semi-conservative DNA replication. Bacterial cells were grown in the presence of heavy nitrogen until all the DNA contained the heavy form. The bacteria were then transferred to a medium that only contained the light form of nitrogen. ...
Chapter 8 How Genes Work
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... Fireflies produce light inside their bodies. The enzyme luciferase is involved in the reaction that produces the light. Scientists have isolated the luciferase gene. A scientist inserts the luciferase gene into the DNA of cells from another organism. If these cells produce light, the scientist knows ...
Red line Introduction
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... – 19 students used Red Line to visualize next-gen RNA-Seq data to investigate presence/absence variation (PAV) in maize – 12 hours effort, each student group annotated 100 kb and then imported next-gen RNA-Seq data from 5 different tissues in 30 maize inbred lines for a gene that they had previously ...
Biology EOC Review
Biology EOC Review

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Modern Genetics - Trinity Regional School
Modern Genetics - Trinity Regional School

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... Peak of intergenic location found with high representation in all 3 libraries and showing miRNA potential (hairpin) 4 manuscripts in preparation using Solexa data • At the end of spermatogenesis the DNA is not methylated small RNAs may transfer the information for methylation • Discovery of a new cl ...
Scientists Say They`ve Found a Code Beyond Genetics in DNA
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... Jerry Workman of the Stowers Institute in Kansas City said the detection of the nucleosome code was “a profound insight if true,” because it would explain many aspects of how the DNA is controlled. The nucleosome is made up of proteins known as histones, which are among the most highly conserved in ...
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PUTTING DNA to WORK: High School Virtual Field Trip

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WhatMakesCell-TipsForTeachers

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... W. Be able to show how amino acids are combined, using dehydration synthesis to form larger molecules. Draw 2 amino acids here and then combine them into a dipeptide. ...
Recombinant DNA Technology (b)
Recombinant DNA Technology (b)

... experimental system and how the cloned gene will be screened or utilized subsequently. Commonly used vectors are Plasmid, bacteriophage, cosmid, bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC), yeast artificial chromosome (YAC), yeast 2 micron plasmid, retrovirus, baculovirus vector ...
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... protein fragments according to their size, by causing them to migrate in response to an electric field. ...
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Recitation Section 7 Answer Key Molecular Biology—DNA as

... isolated live SIII from the dead mouse. We now understand it to be because some genes (segments of DNA) that encode for formation of polysaccharide coat were transferred in the experiment. 7. Were all the bacteria of the recipient type transformed? Describe the probable process from coinfection to ...
CREDGREW power point
CREDGREW power point

... contains a nucleus (and many other organelles) ...
Glucose - St. Bonaventure College and High School
Glucose - St. Bonaventure College and High School

... The allele for normal body pigmentation is dominant (D) and the allele for albino is recessive (d). Explain by means of a genetic diagram, the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring when individual 7 is married to individual 10. ...
RNA - Fort Thomas Independent Schools
RNA - Fort Thomas Independent Schools

... traits (genes) on all chromosomes of a human. • Humans have 3,200,000,000 base pairs per sex cell. (It would take about 10yrs. to read each base.) ...
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Extrachromosomal DNA



Extrachromosomal DNA is any DNA that is found outside of the nucleus of a cell. It is also referred to as extranuclear DNA or cytoplasmic DNA. Most DNA in an individual genome is found in chromosomes but DNA found outside of the nucleus also serves important biological functions.In prokaryotes, nonviral extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in plasmids whereas in eukaryotes extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in organelles. Mitochondrial DNA is a main source of this extrachromosomal DNA in eukaryotes. Extrachromosomal DNA is often used in research of replication because it is easy to identify and isolate.Extrachromosomal DNA was found to be structurally different from nuclear DNA. Cytoplasmic DNA is less methylated than DNA found within the nucleus. It was also confirmed that the sequences of cytoplasmic DNA was different from nuclear DNA in the same organism, showing that cytoplasmic DNAs are not simply fragments of nuclear DNA.In addition to DNA found outside of the nucleus in cells, infection of viral genomes also provides an example of extrachromosomal DNA.
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