• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Chapter 8 Bacterial Genetics
Chapter 8 Bacterial Genetics

2421 _Ch8.ppt
2421 _Ch8.ppt

... The process repeats so that one amino acid is added at a time to the growing polypeptide (which is always anchored to a tRNA bound within the ribosome) The polypeptide continues to grow until the ribosome reaches a stop codon At the stop codon, the polypeptide chain is released from the last tRNA a ...
Did you ever get a message from a friend that was in code
Did you ever get a message from a friend that was in code

... pores in the nuclear membrane and into the cytoplasm. d. RNA -Scientist found that RNA code was much shorter than the original DNA code -Discovered that DNA has sequences NOT used in the recipe called i_______________________________ ...
No patents on Life - Diakonia Council Of Churches
No patents on Life - Diakonia Council Of Churches

... which is made of 2 strands wound around each other in a double helix that is joined so that the DNA looks like a twisted ladder. Each strand of DNA can exactly replicate the other strand ensuring that when the organism reproduces the full genetic instructions are passed on exactly to the offspring. ...
DNA and PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
DNA and PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

... • Biotechnology –biological systems used to produce a product. • Genetic engineering –produces transgenic cells: foreign DNA inserted • Recombinant DNA – DNA that comes from 2 or more sources. ...
DNA and PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
DNA and PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

... • Biotechnology –biological systems used to produce a product. • Genetic engineering –produces transgenic cells: foreign DNA inserted • Recombinant DNA – DNA that comes from 2 or more sources. ...
chapter outline - McGraw Hill Higher Education
chapter outline - McGraw Hill Higher Education

... The initial break for rolling-circle replication is at the integrated plasmid’s origin of transfer site a. Part of the plasmid is transferred first b. Chromosomal genes are transferred next c. The rest of the plasmid is transferred last 4. Complete transfer of the chromosome takes approximately 100 ...
Ch 15-16 DNA and RNA
Ch 15-16 DNA and RNA

... These are the parts of the DNA that contain vital information for the synthesis of Protein or RNA. These coding sequences are present within genes. Non-coding Structures. These are the parts of the DNA that do not contain critical information for the synthesis of protein or RNA. The non-coding seque ...
Supplemental Note
Supplemental Note

... 5) A common reference RNA was not used. 6) Quality control measures were not used. No replicates were done. Dye swap was not used. 7) Description of the experiments: a) To identify and analyze mtDNA mutation-responsive genes, a comparison of gastrocnemius muscle tissues from WT (control) and D257A m ...
Biotechnology:
Biotechnology:

... terms with the ethical issues ...
Print PDF
Print PDF

... technique. When radiocarbon dating was introduced, it changed the way people thought about how organisms evolved because the technique showed ...
Biotechnology
Biotechnology

... discovery of restriction enzymes Restriction enzymes: enzymes that cut DNA at specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites They were discovered in bacteria & are thought to have evolved to provide a defense mechanism against invading viruses ...
Unit 6 - John Adams Academy
Unit 6 - John Adams Academy

... As tRNA moves the amino acids together, long chains are formed (proteins) There are 20 different amino acids The structure and function of the protein depends upon the amino acids present and the order in which they are attached The base pairs (A, U, C, G) are arranged in codons or words of 3 Each c ...
GENETICS EXAM 3 FALL 2004 Student Name
GENETICS EXAM 3 FALL 2004 Student Name

... minisatellites restriction mapping library screening ...
notes
notes

... Mix the DNAs; they join by base pairing. The products are recombinant plasmids and many nonrecombinant plasmids. Recombinant DNA plasmids Introduce the DNA into bacterial cells that have a mutation in their own lacZ gene. Recombinant bacteria Plate the bacteria on agar containing ampicillin and X-ga ...
CHAPTER 10: The Structure and Function of DNA
CHAPTER 10: The Structure and Function of DNA

... 3. Explain what a gene is. How many genes are found in each human cell? How many chromosomes are found in each human cell? Describe the relationship between nucleotides, genes, chromosomes, and DNA? 4. Explain what DNA triplets are and how they are related to the genetic code, amino acids and protei ...
Chapter 14: Human Heredity
Chapter 14: Human Heredity

... 1. Summarize the main steps in cloning. 2. Explain the production, use, benefits and controversy of genetically modified foods. 3. Explain how microarrays show important connections between cell biology, DNA, genes, gene expression, transcription, translation, cancer, proteins, and bioethics. 4. Des ...
2421_Ch8.ppt
2421_Ch8.ppt

... The process repeats so that one amino acid is added at a time to the growing polypeptide (which is always anchored to a tRNA bound within the ribosome) The polypeptide continues to grow until the ribosome reaches a stop codon At the stop codon, the polypeptide chain is released from the last tRNA a ...
Lecture#22 - Cloning DNA and the construction of clone libraries
Lecture#22 - Cloning DNA and the construction of clone libraries

... DNA Ligase seals the broken strands (total of 4) to produce recombinant molecules 4) Recombinant molecules are transformed into a bacteria host cell (remember Griffiths - transforming principle). 5) Transformed cells, with a plasmid within them, are selected (Antibiotic resistance) and propagated -> ...
Capsid
Capsid

... Lytic cycle of virus reproduction • adsorption virus to cell • penetration virus or viral NA into cell • replication, transcription and translation •assembling new virus particles (self-assembly) • transfer to daughter cells: effect on the cell: death of the cell – lyses (hundreds or thousand) ...
Recombinant DNA Simulation
Recombinant DNA Simulation

... Investigation 6: Recombinant DNA Simulation Introduction: One of the most important processes developed by biotechnologists was the procedure where a gene is removed from the DNA of one organism and inserted into the DNA of another organism. This technique is called Recombinant DNA. The entire proce ...
DNA: the Genetic Material Chapter 9.1
DNA: the Genetic Material Chapter 9.1

...  Heredity – Transmission of genetic traits from parent to offspring.  Trait – Attribute in an organism controlled by genes.  I could do this all day people … mwuah ha ha ha ha!  Gene – A section of a chromosome that codes for a protein or RNA molecule.  Chromosome – Structure made of DNA & Prot ...
Review Guide Genetics
Review Guide Genetics

... BIO.B.2.2.1 Describe how the processes of transcription, and translation are similar in all organisms. Protein Synthesis – process of making a protein – involves the DNA located in the nucleus, RNA – messenger, transfer and ribosomal, and ribosomes located in the cytoplasm. Divided into 2 phases – t ...
Genetics BIO.B.1.2.1 Describe how the process of DNA replication
Genetics BIO.B.1.2.1 Describe how the process of DNA replication

... BIO.B.2.2.1 Describe how the processes of transcription, and translation are similar in all organisms. Protein Synthesis – process of making a protein – involves the DNA located in the nucleus, RNA – messenger, transfer and ribosomal, and ribosomes located in the cytoplasm. Divided into 2 phases – t ...
BioBoot Camp Genetics
BioBoot Camp Genetics

... and the organism will have the dominant characteristic. Recessive – trait where the phenotypic effect of the recessive allele is only expressed within a homozygous genotype. There must be 2 recessive alleles present for the recessive trait to be seen/expressed in the organism Co-dominance – trait wh ...
< 1 ... 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 ... 481 >

Extrachromosomal DNA



Extrachromosomal DNA is any DNA that is found outside of the nucleus of a cell. It is also referred to as extranuclear DNA or cytoplasmic DNA. Most DNA in an individual genome is found in chromosomes but DNA found outside of the nucleus also serves important biological functions.In prokaryotes, nonviral extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in plasmids whereas in eukaryotes extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in organelles. Mitochondrial DNA is a main source of this extrachromosomal DNA in eukaryotes. Extrachromosomal DNA is often used in research of replication because it is easy to identify and isolate.Extrachromosomal DNA was found to be structurally different from nuclear DNA. Cytoplasmic DNA is less methylated than DNA found within the nucleus. It was also confirmed that the sequences of cytoplasmic DNA was different from nuclear DNA in the same organism, showing that cytoplasmic DNAs are not simply fragments of nuclear DNA.In addition to DNA found outside of the nucleus in cells, infection of viral genomes also provides an example of extrachromosomal DNA.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report