PHYOGENY & THE Tree of life
... Puffer Fish is vertebrate with smallest known genome (1/7th human genome) & yet has all exons present in humans ...
... Puffer Fish is vertebrate with smallest known genome (1/7th human genome) & yet has all exons present in humans ...
Ch. 5 Notes Microscopes Revolving Nosepiece or Turret: This is
... mRNA carries copies of genes and acts as a “messenger” RNA copies a gene. When mRNA called “codons” for each amino acid protein made by the genes. rRNA Proteins are assembled (put together) on the ribosomes. Ribosomes are made up of part protein and part RNA. The mRNA threads through the ribosome ...
... mRNA carries copies of genes and acts as a “messenger” RNA copies a gene. When mRNA called “codons” for each amino acid protein made by the genes. rRNA Proteins are assembled (put together) on the ribosomes. Ribosomes are made up of part protein and part RNA. The mRNA threads through the ribosome ...
CHAPTER 14 LECTURE NOTES: RECOMBINANT DNA
... 2. Crude isolation of plasmid vector DNA is accomplished by an alkaline lysis procedure or by boiling cells which removes bacterial chromosomal DNA from plasmid DNA. 3. To get purer DNA from either (1) or (2), crude DNA is a) Fractionated on a CsCl2 gradient b) Precipitated with ethanol c) Poured o ...
... 2. Crude isolation of plasmid vector DNA is accomplished by an alkaline lysis procedure or by boiling cells which removes bacterial chromosomal DNA from plasmid DNA. 3. To get purer DNA from either (1) or (2), crude DNA is a) Fractionated on a CsCl2 gradient b) Precipitated with ethanol c) Poured o ...
Genes and Genetic Disease
... Principle of segregation– homologous genes separate, reproductive cells carry only one gene (meiosis) Principle of independent assortment – hereditary transmission of one gene does not affect the transmission of another. ...
... Principle of segregation– homologous genes separate, reproductive cells carry only one gene (meiosis) Principle of independent assortment – hereditary transmission of one gene does not affect the transmission of another. ...
Biology 303 EXAM II 3/14/00 NAME
... 2. a process that only bacteria perform since they contain no nucleus. 3. a process that is exclusively associated with transcription by RNA polymerase III in eukaryotes. 4. alteration in chromatin structure to facilitate loading and translation by ribosomes and, thus, enhance gene expression. ...
... 2. a process that only bacteria perform since they contain no nucleus. 3. a process that is exclusively associated with transcription by RNA polymerase III in eukaryotes. 4. alteration in chromatin structure to facilitate loading and translation by ribosomes and, thus, enhance gene expression. ...
AP Biology - HPHSAPBIO
... The Connection between Genes and Proteins 13. Explain how RNA differs from DNA. 14. Briefly explain the central dogma of protein synthesis 15. Distinguish between transcription and translation. 16. Compare where transcription and translation occur in prokaryotes and in eukaryotes. 17. Define "codon" ...
... The Connection between Genes and Proteins 13. Explain how RNA differs from DNA. 14. Briefly explain the central dogma of protein synthesis 15. Distinguish between transcription and translation. 16. Compare where transcription and translation occur in prokaryotes and in eukaryotes. 17. Define "codon" ...
Microbial Models: Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
... • Small double stranded ring of DNA that carries extrachromosomal genes in some bacteria • Have only a few genes which are not required for survival and reproduction • May be beneficial in stressful environments • F plasmid- fertility plasmid • R plasmid- resistance to antibiotics ...
... • Small double stranded ring of DNA that carries extrachromosomal genes in some bacteria • Have only a few genes which are not required for survival and reproduction • May be beneficial in stressful environments • F plasmid- fertility plasmid • R plasmid- resistance to antibiotics ...
Final Exam Review
... 15. How does DNA replicate itself? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 16. List 3 ways the RNA diff ...
... 15. How does DNA replicate itself? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 16. List 3 ways the RNA diff ...
Name
... (5) Define and distinguish between heterochromatin and euchromatin. heterochromatin is the condensed, gene poor DNA found mainly near centromeres and telomeres euchromatin is the less condensed, gene rich DNA where most genes are transcribed (5) Define and distinguish between centromere and telomere ...
... (5) Define and distinguish between heterochromatin and euchromatin. heterochromatin is the condensed, gene poor DNA found mainly near centromeres and telomeres euchromatin is the less condensed, gene rich DNA where most genes are transcribed (5) Define and distinguish between centromere and telomere ...
- PWSA UK
... from the mother. Men and women have a similar arrangement of chromosomes for 22 of these pairs, but one pair differs (numbered as pair 23), with men having one X and one Y chromosome and women having two X chromosomes but no Y chromosome. DNA includes approximately 40,000 genes that code for individ ...
... from the mother. Men and women have a similar arrangement of chromosomes for 22 of these pairs, but one pair differs (numbered as pair 23), with men having one X and one Y chromosome and women having two X chromosomes but no Y chromosome. DNA includes approximately 40,000 genes that code for individ ...
Mitosis and the Cell Cycle PowerPoint
... that these are cells that have gone into a rapid, repetitive cell cycle. Cells normally have mechanisms to prevent this from happening, but if a number of these preventative measures fail, cells can begin to multiply uncontrollably. Cancer cells do not have time to differentiate. They look different ...
... that these are cells that have gone into a rapid, repetitive cell cycle. Cells normally have mechanisms to prevent this from happening, but if a number of these preventative measures fail, cells can begin to multiply uncontrollably. Cancer cells do not have time to differentiate. They look different ...
SUMMARY Cancer arises in consequence of genetic and epigenetic
... role of other genes analyzed in selected regions, i.e. MAP3K13, CCNL1 (3q25–q29) and PPFIA1, CTTN (11q13) has not been clearly defined in relation to larynx cancer pathogenesis. In contrast, THPO, MUC4, MUC20 (3q25–q29) and MAPK1 (22q11) genes were defined as associated with given aberrations (calle ...
... role of other genes analyzed in selected regions, i.e. MAP3K13, CCNL1 (3q25–q29) and PPFIA1, CTTN (11q13) has not been clearly defined in relation to larynx cancer pathogenesis. In contrast, THPO, MUC4, MUC20 (3q25–q29) and MAPK1 (22q11) genes were defined as associated with given aberrations (calle ...
unit4geneticsandadvancesingeneticsnotes
... • Vectors (vehicles) for gene delivery. Many bacteria contain plasmids. – Small, circular DNA separate from the bacterial chromosome – Capable of replicating itself • one copy can pass from one bacterial cell to another, resulting in gene "sharing" among bacteria ...
... • Vectors (vehicles) for gene delivery. Many bacteria contain plasmids. – Small, circular DNA separate from the bacterial chromosome – Capable of replicating itself • one copy can pass from one bacterial cell to another, resulting in gene "sharing" among bacteria ...
Chapter 6 “Chromosomes & Cell Reproduction”
... • Zygote- fertilized egg cell. It is the first cell of a new organism. • The number of chromosomes in cells is the same within a species. Although most species have different numbers of chromosomes, some species by chance have the same number. ...
... • Zygote- fertilized egg cell. It is the first cell of a new organism. • The number of chromosomes in cells is the same within a species. Although most species have different numbers of chromosomes, some species by chance have the same number. ...
GMO and Biotechnology - Western Washington University
... 12. (16 pts) In bacterial matings , prophage can be transferred from Hfr to F-. The prophage is auto ma tic all y induced when it enters F- cell s when ther e is no ph age repressor, and the cell is then lysed . Seve ral new Hfr strains of E. coli were independ ently isolated. All were wild type , ...
... 12. (16 pts) In bacterial matings , prophage can be transferred from Hfr to F-. The prophage is auto ma tic all y induced when it enters F- cell s when ther e is no ph age repressor, and the cell is then lysed . Seve ral new Hfr strains of E. coli were independ ently isolated. All were wild type , ...
Biology 105 Midterm 1 v. 1 Feb. 13, 2007
... d. you cannot tell from this information 9. In the process called transcription: a. DNA is used to make more DNA b. DNA is not used c. messenger RNA and transfer RNA are used to make a protein sequence d. messenger RNA is synthesized 10. It is possible to take a gene from a human being, put it into ...
... d. you cannot tell from this information 9. In the process called transcription: a. DNA is used to make more DNA b. DNA is not used c. messenger RNA and transfer RNA are used to make a protein sequence d. messenger RNA is synthesized 10. It is possible to take a gene from a human being, put it into ...
RECOMBINATION IN BACTERIA Transfer of Genetic Material in
... can undergo recombination at a high frequency with the host chromosome, because the DNA sequences will be homologous. In fact, ...
... can undergo recombination at a high frequency with the host chromosome, because the DNA sequences will be homologous. In fact, ...
12) Inheritance, genes and chromosomes • 13) DNA
... • Small, circular chromosomes have a single origin of replication. • As DNA moves through the replication ...
... • Small, circular chromosomes have a single origin of replication. • As DNA moves through the replication ...
Asbury Park School District
... All living organisms contain DNA. Some fruits are especially suited for DNA extractions due to their multiple sets of chromosomes. Strawberries are octoploid, which means they have 8 copies of each chromosome (human body cells are diploid; they contain two copies of each chromosomes). Students will ...
... All living organisms contain DNA. Some fruits are especially suited for DNA extractions due to their multiple sets of chromosomes. Strawberries are octoploid, which means they have 8 copies of each chromosome (human body cells are diploid; they contain two copies of each chromosomes). Students will ...
mutation
... DNA ligase seals the nicks between the new DNA and the existing DNA strand at the 3’ end ...
... DNA ligase seals the nicks between the new DNA and the existing DNA strand at the 3’ end ...
DNA and Evolution
... – Gene A in a new species probably has the same function as the similar gene B in another species because both species need to solve the same problem and they are related by evolutionary descent from a common ancestor. – We look at gene sequences and other features and make a decision that the diffe ...
... – Gene A in a new species probably has the same function as the similar gene B in another species because both species need to solve the same problem and they are related by evolutionary descent from a common ancestor. – We look at gene sequences and other features and make a decision that the diffe ...
ANSWER KEY FOR PROBLEM SET #1
... A & T are bound by double hydrogen bonds. C & G are bound by triple hydrogen bonds. 12.Transcription, Translation. 13.messenger RNA - contains the coded information of a specific gene. transfer RNA- carries specific amino acids to the sites of protein synthesis as a result of the tRNA’s anticodons m ...
... A & T are bound by double hydrogen bonds. C & G are bound by triple hydrogen bonds. 12.Transcription, Translation. 13.messenger RNA - contains the coded information of a specific gene. transfer RNA- carries specific amino acids to the sites of protein synthesis as a result of the tRNA’s anticodons m ...
Extrachromosomal DNA
Extrachromosomal DNA is any DNA that is found outside of the nucleus of a cell. It is also referred to as extranuclear DNA or cytoplasmic DNA. Most DNA in an individual genome is found in chromosomes but DNA found outside of the nucleus also serves important biological functions.In prokaryotes, nonviral extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in plasmids whereas in eukaryotes extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in organelles. Mitochondrial DNA is a main source of this extrachromosomal DNA in eukaryotes. Extrachromosomal DNA is often used in research of replication because it is easy to identify and isolate.Extrachromosomal DNA was found to be structurally different from nuclear DNA. Cytoplasmic DNA is less methylated than DNA found within the nucleus. It was also confirmed that the sequences of cytoplasmic DNA was different from nuclear DNA in the same organism, showing that cytoplasmic DNAs are not simply fragments of nuclear DNA.In addition to DNA found outside of the nucleus in cells, infection of viral genomes also provides an example of extrachromosomal DNA.