The plant genome`s methylation status and response to stress
... Classical genetics and early molecular genetics studies on single genes showed that differences in chromatin structure, especially cytosine methylation, can contribute to heritable phenotypic variation. Recent molecular genetic and genomic studies have revealed a new importance of cytosine methylati ...
... Classical genetics and early molecular genetics studies on single genes showed that differences in chromatin structure, especially cytosine methylation, can contribute to heritable phenotypic variation. Recent molecular genetic and genomic studies have revealed a new importance of cytosine methylati ...
statistical issues in the analysis of microbial communities in soil
... extracting the nucleic acids from the environmental sample may be inefficient and/or biased. Typically, it is difficult to assess the efficiency of the nucleic acid extractions because the total amount of nucleic acid present in the sample is usually unknown. However, protocols for effective nucleic ...
... extracting the nucleic acids from the environmental sample may be inefficient and/or biased. Typically, it is difficult to assess the efficiency of the nucleic acid extractions because the total amount of nucleic acid present in the sample is usually unknown. However, protocols for effective nucleic ...
hered master 4..hered 285 .. Page78
... (2n = 4x = 28)ÅF. arundinacea (Fa) (2n = 6x = 42) used for anther culture was produced as described by Humphreys (1989), and has a genomic constitution of LmLmFpFgFg1 (Fp = F. pratensis, FgFg1 = F. glaucescens). The two homologous chromosomes of Lm are labelled at the PGI/2 locus by two alleles a an ...
... (2n = 4x = 28)ÅF. arundinacea (Fa) (2n = 6x = 42) used for anther culture was produced as described by Humphreys (1989), and has a genomic constitution of LmLmFpFgFg1 (Fp = F. pratensis, FgFg1 = F. glaucescens). The two homologous chromosomes of Lm are labelled at the PGI/2 locus by two alleles a an ...
Read the Nobel Lecture
... piece of DNA containing non-telomeric sequences. The idea was that if there was an enzyme that actively elongated telomeres, we might be able to detect it through its activity in association with telomere DNA. For this assay, we developed a substrate that was meant to mimic a telomere in the cell: a ...
... piece of DNA containing non-telomeric sequences. The idea was that if there was an enzyme that actively elongated telomeres, we might be able to detect it through its activity in association with telomere DNA. For this assay, we developed a substrate that was meant to mimic a telomere in the cell: a ...
The Chloroplast trnT–trnF Region in the Seed Plant
... Pinus thunbergii (Wakasugi et al. 1994) (Fig. 1B), which has pseudogenized ndhF genes located immediately downstream from the trnT–trnF region, the region itself is conserved. Recent large-scale analyses have shown that the cistron comprised of the three tRNA genes is a uniquely shared characteristi ...
... Pinus thunbergii (Wakasugi et al. 1994) (Fig. 1B), which has pseudogenized ndhF genes located immediately downstream from the trnT–trnF region, the region itself is conserved. Recent large-scale analyses have shown that the cistron comprised of the three tRNA genes is a uniquely shared characteristi ...
Phylogenetic Network and Physicochemical Properties of
... hypothesis of selection against mildly deleterious mutations is correct, phylogenetically recent mutations should contain more deleterious mutations and more dissimilar amino acid replacements than the older ones. On the one hand, there are many examples of pathogenic single-nucleotide mutations in ...
... hypothesis of selection against mildly deleterious mutations is correct, phylogenetically recent mutations should contain more deleterious mutations and more dissimilar amino acid replacements than the older ones. On the one hand, there are many examples of pathogenic single-nucleotide mutations in ...
Site specific insertion of a type I rDNA dement into a unique
... a type I insertion is shown in Figure 1. It is a 12.5Kb EcoRI fragment that is cleaved at eight sites by Hindlll. Two of the resulting Hindlll fragments, 8a/5 and 8a/6 are shown on the physical map. The 12.5Kb EcoRI fragment has been re-cloned into pBR322 and Figure 2 shows digests of this recombina ...
... a type I insertion is shown in Figure 1. It is a 12.5Kb EcoRI fragment that is cleaved at eight sites by Hindlll. Two of the resulting Hindlll fragments, 8a/5 and 8a/6 are shown on the physical map. The 12.5Kb EcoRI fragment has been re-cloned into pBR322 and Figure 2 shows digests of this recombina ...
Discriminate the Falsely Predicted Protein–Coding Genes in
... different from non-coding sequences in gene structure. This non-random usage of codons can be used to find protein-coding sequences [31]. Since many properties of protein-coding genes are related to the base at the third position of codon, I-TN curve may play some specific roles in related researche ...
... different from non-coding sequences in gene structure. This non-random usage of codons can be used to find protein-coding sequences [31]. Since many properties of protein-coding genes are related to the base at the third position of codon, I-TN curve may play some specific roles in related researche ...
Maternal uniparental disomyof chromosome 13
... and DS13S175 (fig 1). For each of these three loci, the father had different alleles from the mother. The child's DNA contained exactly the same homozygous alleles as his mother and no paternal contribution was evident. Inheritance of a microsatellite marker on chromosome 5 (JK53,D5S1 12) was consis ...
... and DS13S175 (fig 1). For each of these three loci, the father had different alleles from the mother. The child's DNA contained exactly the same homozygous alleles as his mother and no paternal contribution was evident. Inheritance of a microsatellite marker on chromosome 5 (JK53,D5S1 12) was consis ...
The Complete Chloroplast and Mitochondrial DNA Sequence of
... immediate ancestors, a group of algae known as ‘‘charophyte green algae’’ (e.g., Chaetosphaeridium globosum), whereas Chlorophyta contain the other green algae (e.g., Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) that form a monophyletic assemblage and are a sister group to the Streptophyta (Graham and Wilcox 2000). S ...
... immediate ancestors, a group of algae known as ‘‘charophyte green algae’’ (e.g., Chaetosphaeridium globosum), whereas Chlorophyta contain the other green algae (e.g., Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) that form a monophyletic assemblage and are a sister group to the Streptophyta (Graham and Wilcox 2000). S ...
Causes of Non-Mendelian phenotypes
... DNA repeats (probably by slipped mispairing) has been shown to cause anticipation in Fragile X syndrome, myotonic dystrophy, spinocerebellar ataxia (but not in spinal bulbar muscular atrophy). ...
... DNA repeats (probably by slipped mispairing) has been shown to cause anticipation in Fragile X syndrome, myotonic dystrophy, spinocerebellar ataxia (but not in spinal bulbar muscular atrophy). ...
Characterizing a Lambda Red Recombinase Induced Presumptive
... The λ Red recombination system was used in this study in an attempt to inactivate the lacI gene in Escherichia coli C29 cells. The proposed model retained the first 41 amino acids of the lacI gene, and replaced the rest of the gene with a linear double-stranded DNA PCR product that confers kanamycin ...
... The λ Red recombination system was used in this study in an attempt to inactivate the lacI gene in Escherichia coli C29 cells. The proposed model retained the first 41 amino acids of the lacI gene, and replaced the rest of the gene with a linear double-stranded DNA PCR product that confers kanamycin ...
Chromatin DNA Methylayion
... become hypermethylated in cancer? • Why doesn’t TSA induce demethylation of all genes? – A number of methylated tumor suppressors were shown not to be induced by ...
... become hypermethylated in cancer? • Why doesn’t TSA induce demethylation of all genes? – A number of methylated tumor suppressors were shown not to be induced by ...
The specificity of regulatory protein binding to DNA is due to a
... were made in the case of two-component ligand binding. It should be noted that in the case of binding of a two-(four)-component ligand the probability of binding to DNA sites partially overlapped with the specific binding site depends on the arrangement of reaction centres along the ligand. This dep ...
... were made in the case of two-component ligand binding. It should be noted that in the case of binding of a two-(four)-component ligand the probability of binding to DNA sites partially overlapped with the specific binding site depends on the arrangement of reaction centres along the ligand. This dep ...
mitochondrial mixing facilitated the evolution of sex at the
... proliferation of deleterious mitochondrial mutants. While two mating types and uniparental inheritance (UPI) might eliminate these issues in modern eukaryotes (Birky, 1995; Hadjivasiliou et al., 2013; Sato and Sato, 2013; Greiner et al., 2015), the mechanism of asymmetric inheritance would not have ...
... proliferation of deleterious mitochondrial mutants. While two mating types and uniparental inheritance (UPI) might eliminate these issues in modern eukaryotes (Birky, 1995; Hadjivasiliou et al., 2013; Sato and Sato, 2013; Greiner et al., 2015), the mechanism of asymmetric inheritance would not have ...
Physical Mapping of a 670-kb Region of Chromosomes XVI and XVII
... Of special interest are the regions harboring genes that encode antigens involved in parasite virulence which might be important for the development of immune therapeutics, drugs, and diagnostic reagents. In T. cruzi and other protozoan parasites that infect humans, the occurrence of proteins contai ...
... Of special interest are the regions harboring genes that encode antigens involved in parasite virulence which might be important for the development of immune therapeutics, drugs, and diagnostic reagents. In T. cruzi and other protozoan parasites that infect humans, the occurrence of proteins contai ...
Role of the p21 Protein in the Fanconi Anemia Pathway
... • Treat HCT116 p21+/+ and HCT116 p21-/- cells with the DNAcrosslinking agent mitomycin C (MMC). • Allow cells to grow for about 10 days. • Stain with crystal violet to quantify cells that survived. • Observe whether cells lacking p21 (HCT116 p21-/-) are more sensitive to MMC than wild type cells (HC ...
... • Treat HCT116 p21+/+ and HCT116 p21-/- cells with the DNAcrosslinking agent mitomycin C (MMC). • Allow cells to grow for about 10 days. • Stain with crystal violet to quantify cells that survived. • Observe whether cells lacking p21 (HCT116 p21-/-) are more sensitive to MMC than wild type cells (HC ...
Aberrant DNA methylation in cancer: potential clinical
... Alterations in DNA methylation might be pivotal in the development of most cancers. In recent years, it has become apparent that the pattern of DNA methylation observed in cancer generally shows a dramatic shift compared with that of normal tissue. Although cancers often exhibit clear reductions thr ...
... Alterations in DNA methylation might be pivotal in the development of most cancers. In recent years, it has become apparent that the pattern of DNA methylation observed in cancer generally shows a dramatic shift compared with that of normal tissue. Although cancers often exhibit clear reductions thr ...
Ab Initio Modeling of Biological Systems - Psi-k
... in nature, and, in addition, (iii) the accuracy to which interaction forces are described. Despite the explosive growth of computer power over the past two decades has led to the development of large-scale simulation techniques, direct application of first principle approaches to the study of biomol ...
... in nature, and, in addition, (iii) the accuracy to which interaction forces are described. Despite the explosive growth of computer power over the past two decades has led to the development of large-scale simulation techniques, direct application of first principle approaches to the study of biomol ...
(base) sequence of the genome might reflect biological information
... gene and the adjoining (5'- and 3'-) non-coding base sequences were different. In other words, the appearance frequencies of the base sequences should be different for each gene. Even if the base sequences of the gene were identical, the adjoining base sequences differ, suggesting that each DNA sequ ...
... gene and the adjoining (5'- and 3'-) non-coding base sequences were different. In other words, the appearance frequencies of the base sequences should be different for each gene. Even if the base sequences of the gene were identical, the adjoining base sequences differ, suggesting that each DNA sequ ...
Assessment by Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Structural
... zinc fingers 2 and 3 in solution.41 Sequence alignment of mammalian Sp1, WT1, and other zinc finger-containing transcription factors such as EGR1 reveals a tandem array of three Cys2-His2 zinc finger domains in their C-terminal regions (Figure 1). Structurally, a Cys2-His2 zinc finger is a bba motif ...
... zinc fingers 2 and 3 in solution.41 Sequence alignment of mammalian Sp1, WT1, and other zinc finger-containing transcription factors such as EGR1 reveals a tandem array of three Cys2-His2 zinc finger domains in their C-terminal regions (Figure 1). Structurally, a Cys2-His2 zinc finger is a bba motif ...
Extrachromosomal DNA
Extrachromosomal DNA is any DNA that is found outside of the nucleus of a cell. It is also referred to as extranuclear DNA or cytoplasmic DNA. Most DNA in an individual genome is found in chromosomes but DNA found outside of the nucleus also serves important biological functions.In prokaryotes, nonviral extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in plasmids whereas in eukaryotes extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in organelles. Mitochondrial DNA is a main source of this extrachromosomal DNA in eukaryotes. Extrachromosomal DNA is often used in research of replication because it is easy to identify and isolate.Extrachromosomal DNA was found to be structurally different from nuclear DNA. Cytoplasmic DNA is less methylated than DNA found within the nucleus. It was also confirmed that the sequences of cytoplasmic DNA was different from nuclear DNA in the same organism, showing that cytoplasmic DNAs are not simply fragments of nuclear DNA.In addition to DNA found outside of the nucleus in cells, infection of viral genomes also provides an example of extrachromosomal DNA.