• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Introduction - bei DuEPublico
Introduction - bei DuEPublico

... The transition of a normal to a neoplastic cell is mainly due changes of the genetic program, which can have different origins: ...
2. Assessing the probative value of DNA evidence
2. Assessing the probative value of DNA evidence

... intended to be useful, and to be widely used, in all of the United Kingdom’s legal jurisdictions. It goes without saying that the laws of probability, unlike the laws of the land, are valid irrespective of geography. It would be artificial and sometimes misleading when describing criminal litigation ...
Assessing the Probative Value of DNA Evidence
Assessing the Probative Value of DNA Evidence

... intended to be useful, and to be widely used, in all of the United Kingdom’s legal jurisdictions. It goes without saying that the laws of probability, unlike the laws of the land, are valid irrespective of geography. It would be artificial and sometimes misleading when describing criminal litigation ...
MHF1 plays Fanconi anaemia complementation group M protein
MHF1 plays Fanconi anaemia complementation group M protein

... mhf1-1 and mhf1-2 single mutants did not exhibit an elevated sensitivity to the cross-linking agents cisplatin and MMC (Figure 2a,b). Furthermore, neither mutant was hypersensitive to bleomycin, hydroxyurea or MMS, respectively (Figure S2). This result, although different from the phenotype of the a ...
Maintenance of DNA Methylation during the Arabidopsis Life Cycle
Maintenance of DNA Methylation during the Arabidopsis Life Cycle

... Imprinted genes are expressed predominantly from either their paternal or their maternal allele. To date, all imprinted genes identified in plants are expressed in the endosperm. In Arabidopsis thaliana, maternal imprinting has been clearly demonstrated for the Polycomb group gene MEDEA (MEA) and fo ...
Host-Plasmid Interactions in Saccharomyces
Host-Plasmid Interactions in Saccharomyces

... The most plausible explanation for the observed increase in the stability of YRp7M with increasing ploidy is that its copy number increases proportionately, thus decreasing the probability of segregating plasmid-free cells in the absence of a functional centromere. Therefore the copy numbers of both ...
DNA Evolution 3.0 Administrator Guide
DNA Evolution 3.0 Administrator Guide

... Evolution products and is the foundation of the solution. The appliance running the controller resides on the network and provides overall management and policy functions to the rest of the DNA Evolution environment. The controller itself does not transfer data, but instead manages the traffic of al ...
Acanthamoeba mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences: inferred
Acanthamoeba mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences: inferred

... were a total of seven rns sequences, each from 2-10 strains, in which all strains shared the same sequence. One was a set of three A. lenticulata sewage isolates from S. Africa that were identical (mT5). In this case their Rns sequences were identical as well, supporting the conclusion that these we ...
Meiosis II
Meiosis II

... 2. Gametes are the “sex” cells and contain only half the normal number of chromosomes…. called the “Haploid” number (the symbol is n)….. Sperm cells and ova are gametes. n = number of chromosomes in the set… so….2n means 2 chromosomes in the set…. Polyploid cells have more than two chromosomes per s ...
The mitochondrial genome of the soybean cyst nematode
The mitochondrial genome of the soybean cyst nematode

... tend to have slightly lower T-contents, with a range of 27% (Trichinella spiralis) to 44% (Agamermis sp.). A comparison with other pseudocoelomates (from the phyla Acanthocephala and Rotifera) indicates that they also have elevated Tcontents (Table 1). A high T-content appears to be a feature of pse ...
Surveying Saccharomyces Genomes to Identify Functional Elements
Surveying Saccharomyces Genomes to Identify Functional Elements

... sequences within proteins, but has been less useful for identifying functional sequence elements in nonprotein-coding DNA because the relatively rapid rate of change of nonprotein-coding sequences and the relative simplicity of non-coding regulatory sequence elements necessitates the comparison of s ...
Molecular Evidence for Vector Implication of Onchocerca lupi in Los
Molecular Evidence for Vector Implication of Onchocerca lupi in Los

... The nodules are primarily composed of eosinophils, histiocytes, fibroblasts, and newly formed blood vessels (Zarfoss, Dubielzig, Eberhard, & Schmidt, 2005). This is typically associated with exophthalmos and possible third-eyelid protrusion (Komnenou, Egyed, Sréter, & Eberhard, 2003). In almost all ...
Introduction to Molecular Diagnostics
Introduction to Molecular Diagnostics

NOCARDIA sp. INDONESIAN VOLCANIC SOIL DESAK GEDE SRI ANDAYANI , ELIN YULINAH SUKANDAR
NOCARDIA sp. INDONESIAN VOLCANIC SOIL DESAK GEDE SRI ANDAYANI , ELIN YULINAH SUKANDAR

... Microorganisms that grow in extreme environments such as volcanic area have way of self-defense in order to survive its life. Nocardia sp. is one genus of this group which can find in volcanic soil will appear to be the most promising source of the future antibiotics. Ways in which microorganisms am ...
Jounral of Bacteriology
Jounral of Bacteriology

... sequence reads (5.76 ⫻ coverage) from our shot gun approach (see Materials and Methods). The total length of the nonredundant sequence formed by all contigs was 3,818 kb, which is slightly less than the size of the B. subtilis 168 genome of 4,214 kb (16). We identified 2,980 genes (72.7%) on the FZB ...
Repeat-induced point mutation and the population
Repeat-induced point mutation and the population

... sequences, such that they are not only altered but also become dissimilar because not all the same cytosine residues are changed in both copies. Finally, RIP occurs at a much higher rate between a pair of duplicated sequences when they are located on the same chromosome, and more so when they are in ...
The Macaque Genome: Lessons from Comparative
The Macaque Genome: Lessons from Comparative

... related species to the comparison -- a so-called "outgroup" -- can help resolve where and when certain changes may have occurred during evolution. The rhesus macaque monkey (Macaca mulatta) is one of the closest relatives to humans outside of the great apes, having shared a common ancestor with huma ...
Practice exam 3 key
Practice exam 3 key

... Question 3 (22 pts) A bacterial geneticist hopes to map genes a through g by means of interrupted-mating experiments using three Hfr strains designated X, Y, and Z. a) From the data in the accompanying table, showing times of entry in minutes, deduce the genetic map of the markers a through g. Write ...
entire lesson plan PDF
entire lesson plan PDF

... understand the genetic engineering food safety guidelines. Before any plant food developed through biotechnology is made available to the public, it undergoes a safety evaluation. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), in 1992, issued testing guidelines for genetically modified foods. ...
Supplementary Notes S1 (doc 64K)
Supplementary Notes S1 (doc 64K)

... 7. Low complexity testing. The ‘mdust’ algorithm (Hancock and Armstrong 1994) was used to identify low complexity elements which were not previously identified by searching for homopolymers, dipolymers, etc. 8. Specificity testing. Each probe was mapped to the complete human genome sequence using BL ...
MOLECULAR CYTOGENETIC ANALYSES IN WHEAT AND
MOLECULAR CYTOGENETIC ANALYSES IN WHEAT AND

... make detailed studies on the degree of relationship between the various plant species and varieties and on their genome structures. In recent decades many results have been achieved in this field. Basic breeding material with more favourable agronomic properties have been developed carrying genes or ...
GROW`N`GLOW: THE ACE1 TWO-HYBRID
GROW`N`GLOW: THE ACE1 TWO-HYBRID

... by their green fluorescence. In summary, the GFP gene, stably integrated in the yeast chromosome, is a valuable addition to the family of reporter genes for two-hybrid systems and makes a secondary screening of yeast colonies faster and more cost-effective than conventional LacZ assays. Detection of ...
Cytogenetics Cytogenetics
Cytogenetics Cytogenetics

... fluorescent-labeled DNA probe to determine the presence or absence of a particular segment of DNA — the BCR-ABL gene in the case of CML • FISH can detect one leukemic cell in 500 normal cells ...
Generation and analysis of mutated clonal scFv Jiya George
Generation and analysis of mutated clonal scFv Jiya George

... Human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) incorporates host cellular protein, beta-2-microglobulin (β2m), into its surface envelope during budding. β2m is a cellular protein that belongs to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class I molecules. Studies have shown anti-β2m monoclonal antibodies (mAb ...
FEMS Microbiology Ecology
FEMS Microbiology Ecology

... Group-specific analysis of Actinomycetes indicated a higher abundance and diversity of Streptomyces scabiei-related species in the variety Mehlige Mu«hlviertler, which is known for its resistance against potato common scab caused by S. scabiei. ß 2002 Federation of European Microbiological Societies ...
< 1 ... 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 ... 481 >

Extrachromosomal DNA



Extrachromosomal DNA is any DNA that is found outside of the nucleus of a cell. It is also referred to as extranuclear DNA or cytoplasmic DNA. Most DNA in an individual genome is found in chromosomes but DNA found outside of the nucleus also serves important biological functions.In prokaryotes, nonviral extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in plasmids whereas in eukaryotes extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in organelles. Mitochondrial DNA is a main source of this extrachromosomal DNA in eukaryotes. Extrachromosomal DNA is often used in research of replication because it is easy to identify and isolate.Extrachromosomal DNA was found to be structurally different from nuclear DNA. Cytoplasmic DNA is less methylated than DNA found within the nucleus. It was also confirmed that the sequences of cytoplasmic DNA was different from nuclear DNA in the same organism, showing that cytoplasmic DNAs are not simply fragments of nuclear DNA.In addition to DNA found outside of the nucleus in cells, infection of viral genomes also provides an example of extrachromosomal DNA.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report