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Yeast genome evolution-the origin of the species
Yeast genome evolution-the origin of the species

... important differences. Foremost among these is that, irrespective of the selection pressures operating on the new gene, it may originate by a variety of processes, including gene duplication, horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and de novo emergence of an open reading frame. Of these, gene duplication is ...
Practice exam 2 key
Practice exam 2 key

... The following table contains a list of statements that apply to replication, transcription, both, or neither. In each empty box, put a check mark if that statement applies to replication or transcription. In eukaryotes, the process occurs in the nucleus. A primer is required to initiate synthesis. T ...
Molecular identification of rapidly growing mycobacteria
Molecular identification of rapidly growing mycobacteria

... (Daley and Griffith, 2002). RGM identification at species level is necessary because it provides the first indication regarding the mycobacteria antibiotic susceptibility. Identification of these organisms by biochemical methods is not always a straightforward procedure (Brown-Elliott and Wallace, 2 ...
Protein–DNA Interactions: Amino Acid Conservation and the Effects
Protein–DNA Interactions: Amino Acid Conservation and the Effects

... on DNA-sequence recognition. The observations are best understood by assigning each protein family to one of three classes: (i) non-specific, where binding is independent of DNA sequence; (ii) highly specific, where binding is specific and all members of the family target the same DNA sequence; and ...
Comparative Analysis of DNA-Binding Proteins between
Comparative Analysis of DNA-Binding Proteins between

... several commonalities between phylogenetically unrelated organisms. Advantages and limitations of our methods will be also discussed. ...
Leukaemia Section t(3;9)(q27;p13) GRHPR/BCL6  Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
Leukaemia Section t(3;9)(q27;p13) GRHPR/BCL6 Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics

... © 2013 Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology ...
Journal of Molecular Biology
Journal of Molecular Biology

... studied by analyzing the polypeptides synthesized in minicells by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Fig. 2). The results concerning the expression of proteins coded by the cloned chromosomal DNA fragment are summarized in Table 1. From these results it was concluded that th ...
Epigenetics in mood disorders
Epigenetics in mood disorders

... dimethyl H3K9. These results implicate epigenetic mechanisms in the activity of MAO inhibitors. Eric Nestler and colleagues have experimental documentation of the associations between histone modifications and changes in behavioral function in response to antidepressant treatment and ECS in the hipp ...
Evolution of cis-regulatory elements in duplicated genes of yeast
Evolution of cis-regulatory elements in duplicated genes of yeast

... quantitative, rather than a qualitative effect [3,4]. For example, duplicates might reduce their expression level to a level when both duplicates are needed to achieve a given function. Another possibility is that enzymatic activity is reduced in the duplicates as a result of the degeneration proces ...
Biology
Biology

... DNA and separate the DNA strands as a template to assemble the nucleotides into another DNA strand This first process is called transcription. The process begins at a section of DNA called a promoter, which has specific base sequence that signal Pearson Prentice Hall where Copyright to start ...
LAPTh - CNRS
LAPTh - CNRS

... • Existence of replication-coupled strand asymmetries in human genome • Replication origins correspond to large transitions of skew profiles • These transitions are conserved in mammalian genomes • Detection of more than one thousand putative origins active in germ-line cells ...
Identification of genes that are associated with DNA repeats in
Identification of genes that are associated with DNA repeats in

... of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, A. van Leeuwenhoeklaan 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. ...
Proposal Submission Form
Proposal Submission Form

... rodents (BSL1), any work not covered in the other categories (most non-pathogenic rDNA work) rDNA: not in organism or virus, entirely from a single viral source, from singe prokaryotic host (including indigenous plasmids & viruses) used only in that host, from singe eukaryotic host (excluding viruse ...
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH RESEARCH v. AMBRY GENETICS
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH RESEARCH v. AMBRY GENETICS

... Myriad also argues that the sequences, when extracted as primers, have a fundamentally different function than when they are part of the DNA strand. When part of the naturally occurring genetic sequence, DNA “stores the biological information used in the development and functioning of all known livi ...
Warren, ST: Trinucleotide repetition and fragile X syndrome. Hospital Practice 32:73 - 98 (1997). cover illustration.
Warren, ST: Trinucleotide repetition and fragile X syndrome. Hospital Practice 32:73 - 98 (1997). cover illustration.

... deletion of an AGG triplet, or perhaps a point mutation of A to C. FMRl genes containing a perfect run of more than, say, 25 repeats may be predisposed alleles. Such a surmise at least accords with what is now known of other tripletexpansion-related disorders. In Huntington disease, the culprit CAG ...
Molecular analysis of the structure and expression of the RH... individuals with D--, Dc-, and DCw- gene complexes
Molecular analysis of the structure and expression of the RH... individuals with D--, Dc-, and DCw- gene complexes

... 3 products carried only the D specific sequences, whereas exon 1 products contained both the D and C specific nucleotides at position 48.' The C-specific exon 1 contained in addition an A G nucleotide substitution at position 122 resulting in an amino acid change (Glu -+ Arg) at position 41 of the R ...
Contemporary, yeast-based approaches to
Contemporary, yeast-based approaches to

... tumors, and thousands of individuals from diverse populations. In parallel, linkage mapping, genome-wide association strategies, and analyses of de novo mutations are rapidly linking genomic regions to phenotypes including disease susceptibility. However, defining which genetic variants are causativ ...
Testing enhancers predicted by high constraint
Testing enhancers predicted by high constraint

... expression of genes and defining their function in vivo remains a significant challenge in the annotation of vertebrate genomes. One major obstacle is the lack of experimentally validated training sets. In this study, we made use of extreme evolutionary sequence conservation as a filter to identify ...
Advances in Environmental Biology  Zahra Maryami, Arash Fazeli, Ali-Ashraf Mehrabi
Advances in Environmental Biology Zahra Maryami, Arash Fazeli, Ali-Ashraf Mehrabi

... group-7 chromosomes of each genomes [8,9]. In bread wheat (TriticumaestivumL. ssp. aestivum; 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD), three waxy proteins, one for each genome, have been identified. Each waxy protein is controlled by one waxy gene (Wx-A1, Wx-B1and Wx-D1), located on chromosome 7AS, 4AL (translocated f ...
LIMITED DNA SYNTHESIS IN THE ABSENCE OF PROTEIN
LIMITED DNA SYNTHESIS IN THE ABSENCE OF PROTEIN

... D N A synthesis between treated and control plasm o d i a is questionable, because " r a t e s " of synthesis as defined by pulse-labeling procedures are subject to u n c e r t a i n t y owing to the undefined status of the metabolic pool of t h y m i n e derivatives. I t should be noted t h a t the ...
Bis2A 12.2 Eukaryotic Transcription
Bis2A 12.2 Eukaryotic Transcription

... on the DNA template, with each one further stabilizing the preinitiation complex and contributing to the recruitment of RNA polymerase II. The processes of bringing RNA polymerases I and III to the DNA template involve slightly less complex collections of transcription factors, but the general theme ...
Exercise 4.4 Designing a genetic screen
Exercise 4.4 Designing a genetic screen

... proteins in cells is obtained. We also describe several methods that are used to study the structure of proteins. Functional genomics, which here refers to documentation of the functions of large numbers of genes using mutational and recombinant molecular biological approaches, is included in this c ...
Naming `junk`: Human non-protein coding RNA (ncRNA) gene
Naming `junk`: Human non-protein coding RNA (ncRNA) gene

... Previously, the majority of the human genome was thought to be ‘junk’ DNA with no functional purpose. Over the past decade, the field of RNA research has rapidly expanded, with a concomitant increase in the number of non-protein coding RNA (ncRNA) genes identified in this ‘junk’. Many of the encoded ...
Genoplante 2007, ANR-07-GPLA-002
Genoplante 2007, ANR-07-GPLA-002

... misconsidered in the breeding programs. Biotic stress plant breeding of non-model crop species like wheat is still limited by our insufficient knowledge in these systems. In contrast, large investments were done in the past decade in the model crop specie rice in order to identify key components of ...
INTRODUCTOR Y BIOTECHNOLOGY (ABG 504) THEORETICAL MODULE  BY
INTRODUCTOR Y BIOTECHNOLOGY (ABG 504) THEORETICAL MODULE BY

... James D. Watson and Francis Crick determined the structure of DNA in 1953. Although genes were known to exist on chromosomes, chromosomes are composed of both protein and DNA—scientists did not know which of these was responsible for inheritance. In 1928, Frederick Griffith discovered the phenomenon ...
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Genomics

Genomics is a discipline in genetics that applies recombinant DNA, DNA sequencing methods, and bioinformatics to sequence, assemble, and analyze the function and structure of genomes (the complete set of DNA within a single cell of an organism). Advances in genomics have triggered a revolution in discovery-based research to understand even the most complex biological systems such as the brain. The field includes efforts to determine the entire DNA sequence of organisms and fine-scale genetic mapping. The field also includes studies of intragenomic phenomena such as heterosis, epistasis, pleiotropy and other interactions between loci and alleles within the genome. In contrast, the investigation of the roles and functions of single genes is a primary focus of molecular biology or genetics and is a common topic of modern medical and biological research. Research of single genes does not fall into the definition of genomics unless the aim of this genetic, pathway, and functional information analysis is to elucidate its effect on, place in, and response to the entire genome's networks.
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