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1. (a) When a cell divides, the genetic material can divide by mitosis
1. (a) When a cell divides, the genetic material can divide by mitosis

... The stage in the formation of male gametes in a plant in which haploid daughter cells are formed from a haploid parent cell. Cell division which takes place in the growth of a human testis between birth and five years of age. The stage in the lifecycle of a protoctistan in which a large number of ge ...
Document
Document

... Hierarchical shotgun method Assemble contigs from various chromosomes, then sequence and assemble them. A contig is a set of overlapping clones or sequences from which a sequence can be obtained. The sequence may be draft or finished. A contig is thus a chromosome map showing the locations of those ...
DNA cloning
DNA cloning

... with alkaline phophatase will remove the 5’-phosphates and render the vector unable to ligate into a circle without an inserted target, so reducing the proportion of recreated vector in the mixture. ...
Neanderthals get in on the action - Max
Neanderthals get in on the action - Max

... Neanderthal bones found in Croatia, Spain, Russia and Germany. In addition, the researchers sequenced five human genomes of European, Asian and African origin and compared these with the Neanderthal genome. The comparison revealed some very surprising results: Neanderthal traces were found in all th ...
Slayt 1
Slayt 1

... into the bacterial chromosome by a crossover, similar to the conversion of an F plasmid into an Hfr. Once incorporated into the chromosome, the lambda DNA becomes quiescent: its genes are not expressed and it remains a passive element on the chromosome, being replicated along with the rest of the ch ...
lymphatic outline
lymphatic outline

... 2. Important in the removal of D. Macrophages: engulf foreign particles & present portions of these antigens on their own surfaces for recognition by lymphocytes. They remain in lymph organs. 1. regulate immune 2. antigen-presenting cells (APC) 3. Functions: Phago Secretion of Antigen E. Dendritic C ...
Introduction to Adenoviral Vectors - The Medical University of South
Introduction to Adenoviral Vectors - The Medical University of South

... •Adenovirus infections most commonly cause illness of the respiratory system with symptoms ranging from the common cold to pneumonia, croup, and bronchitis. Depending on the infecting serotype, adenovirus infection may also cause other illnesses such as gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis and rash. •Pat ...
Acc_Bio_Semester1_Final_Review_Key_12
Acc_Bio_Semester1_Final_Review_Key_12

... leading brand. First he stained the left arm of Rupert with a mixture of dirt, grape juice and Crayola markers. He then repeated the same procedure on Rupert’s right arm. Stewie then measured out the same amount of water and he proceeded to handwash the stains in a small basin scrubbing for 8 minute ...
-1- Biophysics 204 Graphics problem set - nucleic acid
-1- Biophysics 204 Graphics problem set - nucleic acid

... groove. Zinc finger proteins are especially useful for examining sequence-specific interactions because they illustrate how the same basic structural unit can be used to bind DNA in different ways. In this exercise, we will examine the crystal structures of two zinc finger-DNA complexes, Zif268 and ...
What is DNA? - ScienceWithMrShrout
What is DNA? - ScienceWithMrShrout

... • The DNA in the chromosomes is copied in a process called DNA replication. • Without DNA replication, new cells would have only half the DNA of their parents. • DNA is copied during interphase prior to mitosis and meiosis. • It is important that the new copies are exactly like the original molecule ...
Biol518Lec2final-2 - Cal State LA
Biol518Lec2final-2 - Cal State LA

... A suicide plasmid containing an antibiotic resistance gene (AbR) is constructed to contain a small region of sequence homology (denoted by the solid box) to orfX (denoted by the wide arrow). When the plasmid is introduced into wild-type cells (W+), a single cross-over recombination event between the ...
Genetic Profiling using Short Tandem Repeat Analysis
Genetic Profiling using Short Tandem Repeat Analysis

... electrophoresis  with  a  series  of  capillaries  that  separate  one  sample  at  a  time  through  an  acrylamide  polymer  that  acts  as  a  sieve.  DNA  fragments  move  through the capillary according to size, the smallest moving the fastest.    Some  of the PCR primers carry a fluorescent dy ...
Original Sequence of Restriction Sites
Original Sequence of Restriction Sites

... 3. The filter is washed with a solution to break the cells open and denature the DNA, which sticks to the filter at the site of each colony. The filter is incubated with a radioactively labeled probe that can form hybrids with complementary DNA in the gene of interest. ...
HIV and immunity
HIV and immunity

... This formidable array of defense mechanisms Allows HIV to avoid being suppressed by our immune system Integration and latency ...
Document
Document

... is a drug that can help prevent the allergic reactions associated with histamine. An antihistamine is a similar molecule to histamine in size, shape, and polarity. How does an antihistamine most likely Real prevent the effects of histamine? histamine A It increases the diffusion of histamine across ...
Cell-mediated (T cells)
Cell-mediated (T cells)

... disease (PD). Nevertheless, little is known about the mechanism contributing to asynuclein aggregation and its further toxicity to dopaminergic neurons. Since oxidative stress can increase the expression and aggregation levels of a-synuclein, NADPH oxidases (Noxs), which are responsible for reactive ...
200607b_NTU-EN101
200607b_NTU-EN101

No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... •To allow different cell type to form, or for an organism to respond to changing conditions, only a subset of genes can be “expressed” (actively organizing amino acid chain formation) in any one cell or time. Therefore, genes must be switched “on” and “off”. •There are many types of controls on gene ...
Specific Immune Response (Chapter 17)  Response in highly specific
Specific Immune Response (Chapter 17) Response in highly specific

... Can be Natural or Artificial Natural acquired active immunity: Response to antigens encountered over lifetime/immunity may be lifelong Natural acquired passive immunity: Antibodies transferred from mother to infant across placenta and in milk(colostrums)/lasts only as long as antibodies present Infa ...
H.S.A. REVIEW
H.S.A. REVIEW

... DNA CODES FOR PROTEINS. THE PROTEINS MADE CAN ACT AS ENZYMES. ENZYMES SPEED UP CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND ARE IMPORTANT FOR CHEMICAL REACTIONS. WHAT TWO INFLUENCES CAN AFFECT HOW ENZYMES DO THEIR JOBS? ENZYMES ARE PROTEINS. ...
BT_Ch4_Presentation
BT_Ch4_Presentation

... Polyacrylamide – a polymer used as a gel material in vertical electrophoresis; used to separate smaller molecules, like proteins and very small pieces of DNA and RNA Ethidium bromide – a DNA stain (indicator); glows orange when it is mixed with DNA and exposed to UV light; abbreviated EtBr Methylene ...
Microbiology bio 123
Microbiology bio 123

... Antibody – immune system response to an antigen. Immunoglobulins - The tips are variable because the mRNA as it leaves the nucleus is “scrambled” which give the variableness to the tips. MHC – Major histocompatibility proteins, allow the body to recognize the cell by the marker that the cell wall co ...
Transcription_12_Teacher
Transcription_12_Teacher

... Further Modifications ...
13-2 Manipulating DNA
13-2 Manipulating DNA

18 - cloudfront.net
18 - cloudfront.net

... Cutting and Pasting DNA sequences can be changed in a number of ways. Short sequences can be assembled using laboratory machines known as DNA synthesizers. "Synthetic" sequences can then be joined to "natural" ones using enzymes that splice DNA together. The same enzymes make it possible to take a g ...
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DNA vaccination



DNA vaccination is a technique for protecting an animal against disease by injecting it with genetically engineered DNA so cells directly produce an antigen, resulting in a protective immunological response. Several DNA vaccines have been released for veterinary use, and there has been promising research using the vaccines for viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases, as well as to several tumour types. Although only one DNA vaccine has been approved for human use, DNA vaccines may have a number of potential advantages over conventional vaccines, including the ability to induce a wider range of immune response types.
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