ParseTalk about Sentence- and Text
... tion to comprehensive reasoning systems covering the conceptual knowledge and specific problemsolving models underlying the chosen domain. Summing up, DRT is fairly restricted both with respect to the incorporation of powerful syntactic constraints at the sentence level and its extension to the lev ...
... tion to comprehensive reasoning systems covering the conceptual knowledge and specific problemsolving models underlying the chosen domain. Summing up, DRT is fairly restricted both with respect to the incorporation of powerful syntactic constraints at the sentence level and its extension to the lev ...
Fulltext: english,
... The effect of word order on the interpretation of grammatical relations is so strong that speakers tend to interpret as SVO even sentences like Him and me hit Bill (cf. Schreiber 1981). We may therefore agree with Stahlke (1984: 361), who has concluded that “One can account for these unusual case di ...
... The effect of word order on the interpretation of grammatical relations is so strong that speakers tend to interpret as SVO even sentences like Him and me hit Bill (cf. Schreiber 1981). We may therefore agree with Stahlke (1984: 361), who has concluded that “One can account for these unusual case di ...
The English present tense - Cambridge University Press
... within the expression's immediate scope. Often two expressions have the same conceptual base but differ semantically owing to their choice of pro®le. Observe in ®gure 1 that elbow and hand impose different pro®les on the same immediate scope in space. Further examples are given in ®gure 2. The term ...
... within the expression's immediate scope. Often two expressions have the same conceptual base but differ semantically owing to their choice of pro®le. Observe in ®gure 1 that elbow and hand impose different pro®les on the same immediate scope in space. Further examples are given in ®gure 2. The term ...
NEGATIVE POLARITY EXPRESSIONS IN NAVAJO Ken Hale and
... Consider now the sentences (11a-c), that is to say, the first in each of the pairs in (11) above. In those sentences, the PP constituent is missing from its putative base position, and the enclitic postposition (P) itself appears attached to the pronominal clitic element -í- (PRN) suffixed to the ve ...
... Consider now the sentences (11a-c), that is to say, the first in each of the pairs in (11) above. In those sentences, the PP constituent is missing from its putative base position, and the enclitic postposition (P) itself appears attached to the pronominal clitic element -í- (PRN) suffixed to the ve ...
A step-by-step introduction to the Government and Binding theory of
... a. Sue wondered whether the smoke would clear before daylight. b. *Sue wondered that the smoke would clear before daylight. c. *Sue wondered for the smoke to clear before daylight. What accounts for the distribution above? Each of these verbs not only takes a clausal complement but it chooses which ...
... a. Sue wondered whether the smoke would clear before daylight. b. *Sue wondered that the smoke would clear before daylight. c. *Sue wondered for the smoke to clear before daylight. What accounts for the distribution above? Each of these verbs not only takes a clausal complement but it chooses which ...
The Misumalpan Causative Construction
... Case developed in Bittner (1994). A bare DP argument must be governed by K (case) or C (complementizer), these being members of a single more inclusive category which has precisely this licensing property. In an accusative language, like Ulwa, the direct object of a verb is assigned Case by the verb ...
... Case developed in Bittner (1994). A bare DP argument must be governed by K (case) or C (complementizer), these being members of a single more inclusive category which has precisely this licensing property. In an accusative language, like Ulwa, the direct object of a verb is assigned Case by the verb ...
Subject and Predicate-Parts of a Sentence
... Authors and Artists-compound subject Juan left his hometown and looked for a job. Left and Looked-compound predicate Have you read this book or heard about it? Read and Heard-compound predicate ...
... Authors and Artists-compound subject Juan left his hometown and looked for a job. Left and Looked-compound predicate Have you read this book or heard about it? Read and Heard-compound predicate ...
Empty categories and complex sentences: the case of wh
... So wear has a requirement that the thematic role of object be filled. That lexical requirement is satisfied in the theory that the question word what began adjacent to the verb in the object position of the D-structure, and then moved to the front of the sentence in the S-structure. The movement lea ...
... So wear has a requirement that the thematic role of object be filled. That lexical requirement is satisfied in the theory that the question word what began adjacent to the verb in the object position of the D-structure, and then moved to the front of the sentence in the S-structure. The movement lea ...
infinitive clauses - E
... Even though no subject is overtly present, in each example, speakers always identify the subject without fail. In (2a) the understood subject necessarily is they, in (2b) the implicit subject is she, in (2c), it is the referent of him. Notice that this interpretation can be brought to light by finit ...
... Even though no subject is overtly present, in each example, speakers always identify the subject without fail. In (2a) the understood subject necessarily is they, in (2b) the implicit subject is she, in (2c), it is the referent of him. Notice that this interpretation can be brought to light by finit ...
A comparative study of participles, converbs and absolute
... 1.3.1. Unrelated participles as a type of absolute constructions In addition to related adverbial participles, there are also unrelated adverbial participles in Hindi. Adverbial imperfective and perfective participles can be used in an absolute construction (AC). “When the participle has a subject o ...
... 1.3.1. Unrelated participles as a type of absolute constructions In addition to related adverbial participles, there are also unrelated adverbial participles in Hindi. Adverbial imperfective and perfective participles can be used in an absolute construction (AC). “When the participle has a subject o ...
Exploring the grammar of the clause
... Dependent clauses are subdivided into finite and non-finite clauses (whereas independent clauses are generally finite). Finite dependent clauses include complement (nominal clauses: syntactic role comparable to noun phrase), adverbial, relative (who are armed and dangerous), comparative, and oth ...
... Dependent clauses are subdivided into finite and non-finite clauses (whereas independent clauses are generally finite). Finite dependent clauses include complement (nominal clauses: syntactic role comparable to noun phrase), adverbial, relative (who are armed and dangerous), comparative, and oth ...
Embedded and Coordinated Finite and non-finite Clauses in
... on equal footing, i.e. this means that you could even make them into two independent clauses inside NP or Adj P, clauses function as modifiers ( e.g. relative clauses ) or complement ( e.g. noun complement ) . Sentences that are part of another sentences , are often referred to as embedded clauses , ...
... on equal footing, i.e. this means that you could even make them into two independent clauses inside NP or Adj P, clauses function as modifiers ( e.g. relative clauses ) or complement ( e.g. noun complement ) . Sentences that are part of another sentences , are often referred to as embedded clauses , ...
Complete and Correct Sentence Enrichment Packet
... Read each group of words on page 502. On the following lines, write “C” if the group of words is a complete sentence. If it is a fragment, write “F” and tell if it needs a subject, a predicate, or both to become a complete sentence. 1._________________________________________________________________ ...
... Read each group of words on page 502. On the following lines, write “C” if the group of words is a complete sentence. If it is a fragment, write “F” and tell if it needs a subject, a predicate, or both to become a complete sentence. 1._________________________________________________________________ ...
1 Non-nominative subjects in Hindi/Urdu VP
... If reflexive binding of uninflected non-phrasal anaphors is confined to subjects, then we can conclude that the ergative and dative DPs are both in Specifier of TENSE position, or whatever functional projection which is outside the V projection and which hosts the reflexive clitic and its antecedent ...
... If reflexive binding of uninflected non-phrasal anaphors is confined to subjects, then we can conclude that the ergative and dative DPs are both in Specifier of TENSE position, or whatever functional projection which is outside the V projection and which hosts the reflexive clitic and its antecedent ...
sesi 5 CLAUSES
... Adverb clause an adverb clause menjawab pertanyaan : "when?", "where?", "why?", "with what goal/result?", and "under what conditions?". Dengan menngunakan connector yang tepat. She didn’t do the task because her mother was in the hospital. Since he is not interested in classical music, he decided n ...
... Adverb clause an adverb clause menjawab pertanyaan : "when?", "where?", "why?", "with what goal/result?", and "under what conditions?". Dengan menngunakan connector yang tepat. She didn’t do the task because her mother was in the hospital. Since he is not interested in classical music, he decided n ...
Missing arguments in earlier English clause structures
... in the form of an empty category of some sort are potentially problematic, what if we suppose that those missing arguments are literally missing from the syntax? This hypothesis might seem implausible, but if we invoke the lexical saturation of theta roles proposal of Rizzi (1986: 508-509), it is te ...
... in the form of an empty category of some sort are potentially problematic, what if we suppose that those missing arguments are literally missing from the syntax? This hypothesis might seem implausible, but if we invoke the lexical saturation of theta roles proposal of Rizzi (1986: 508-509), it is te ...
small clauses and participial constructions - E
... b. ...That's not fair. Let him get up! c. ...You won't be able to reach him without standing up. We will tentatively accept that the Acc+ Ving structure under perception verbs is an ambiguous structure, involving either an object small clause, AspP, or a Direct Object + controlled adjunct small clau ...
... b. ...That's not fair. Let him get up! c. ...You won't be able to reach him without standing up. We will tentatively accept that the Acc+ Ving structure under perception verbs is an ambiguous structure, involving either an object small clause, AspP, or a Direct Object + controlled adjunct small clau ...
Exploring the grammar of the clause
... and alternative questions (Do you want one or two?). Question tags are also very common in conversation: e.g. isn’t it? Gramatically, although independent clauses are the main building blocks of texts, non-clausal material (blocked lang.: Elderly care crisis warning) is also common, particularly ...
... and alternative questions (Do you want one or two?). Question tags are also very common in conversation: e.g. isn’t it? Gramatically, although independent clauses are the main building blocks of texts, non-clausal material (blocked lang.: Elderly care crisis warning) is also common, particularly ...
12110/99
... The case marking of secondary predicates in modern Russian presents interesting problems for a Government and Binding account of Case in Russian.' Secondary predicates in Russian are adjectives which must be case-marked. Unlike nouns, they do not move to receive Case by government; unlike many other ...
... The case marking of secondary predicates in modern Russian presents interesting problems for a Government and Binding account of Case in Russian.' Secondary predicates in Russian are adjectives which must be case-marked. Unlike nouns, they do not move to receive Case by government; unlike many other ...
Lecture 11 - ELTE / SEAS
... We might therefore think that the following should be grammatical, but it isn’t: ...
... We might therefore think that the following should be grammatical, but it isn’t: ...
Vol.2 No.1.11
... example, many sentences in Bangla consist of a sequence of words in which the only punctuation is the terminating period. Parsing is a process of transforming natural language into an internal system representation, which can be trees, dependency graphs, frames or some other structural representatio ...
... example, many sentences in Bangla consist of a sequence of words in which the only punctuation is the terminating period. Parsing is a process of transforming natural language into an internal system representation, which can be trees, dependency graphs, frames or some other structural representatio ...
The Complex Sentence
... Dependent declarative clauses or statements are usually connected with the main clause by means of the subordinating conjunction that – therefore that clauses. They may have any nominal function except that of prepositional object. Subject (Subject clauses) – only in initial position linking verbs: ...
... Dependent declarative clauses or statements are usually connected with the main clause by means of the subordinating conjunction that – therefore that clauses. They may have any nominal function except that of prepositional object. Subject (Subject clauses) – only in initial position linking verbs: ...
null object constructions in standard spanish revisited* 111
... Most of the literature of null objects has accounted for the categorial status of these empty constituents by resorting to categories such as PRO, pro, NP-trace or wh-trace, and most recently, null epithet (Lasnik & Stowell, 1991). These categories are shown to be insufficient to describe null objec ...
... Most of the literature of null objects has accounted for the categorial status of these empty constituents by resorting to categories such as PRO, pro, NP-trace or wh-trace, and most recently, null epithet (Lasnik & Stowell, 1991). These categories are shown to be insufficient to describe null objec ...
LECTURE 4
... C: My husband and my co-author are satisfied with the last chapter. (2 different people) A: My husband and my co-author is satisfied with the last chapter. (one person) Two or more noun phrases are in apposition when they have identity of reference. ...
... C: My husband and my co-author are satisfied with the last chapter. (2 different people) A: My husband and my co-author is satisfied with the last chapter. (one person) Two or more noun phrases are in apposition when they have identity of reference. ...
Reflexivity and adjustment strategies at the interfaces
... We have seen that English uses zero morphology with inherent reflexive verbs, and SELF-anaphors with non-inherent reflexive verbs (and optionally with inherent reflexive verbs too). The CBC of Chomsky’s were formulated in order to account for the distribution of SELF-anaphors and pronominals in Engl ...
... We have seen that English uses zero morphology with inherent reflexive verbs, and SELF-anaphors with non-inherent reflexive verbs (and optionally with inherent reflexive verbs too). The CBC of Chomsky’s were formulated in order to account for the distribution of SELF-anaphors and pronominals in Engl ...
PRO (linguistics)
In generative linguistics, PRO (called ""big PRO"", distinct from pro, ""small pro"" or ""little pro"") is a pronominal determiner phrase (DP) without phonological content. As such, it is part of the set of empty categories. The null pronoun PRO is postulated in the subject position of non-finite clauses. One property of PRO is that, when it occurs in a non-finite complement clause, it can be bound by the main clause subject (""subject control"") or the main clause object (""object control""). The presence of PRO in non-finite clauses lacking overt subjects allows a principled solution for problems relating to Binding Theory.Within Government and Binding theory, the existence and distribution of PRO followed from the PRO Theorem, which states that PRO may not be governed. More recent analyses have abandoned the PRO Theorem. Instead, PRO is taken to be in complementary distribution with overt subjects because it is the only item that is able to carry null case which is checked for by non-finite Tense Markers (T), for example the English to in control infinitives.