synaptic connections made by axons
... retinofugal system of adult rodents, where the regrowth of severed retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons along a PN graft linking the eye and the superior colliculus (SC) has resulted in the formation of well-differentiated RGC synapses in the SC (Vidal Sanz et al. 1987; Carter et al. 1989a). In paralle ...
... retinofugal system of adult rodents, where the regrowth of severed retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons along a PN graft linking the eye and the superior colliculus (SC) has resulted in the formation of well-differentiated RGC synapses in the SC (Vidal Sanz et al. 1987; Carter et al. 1989a). In paralle ...
Guided outgrowth of leech neurons in culture
... Guided outgrowth of leech neurons by lanes of native ECM protein resembles guidance of DRG neurons [6, 7]. The length of guided neurites, however, is hundreds of micrometers, i.e. distinctly longer than reported for DRG neurons. Leech neurons do not grow on irradiated substrate in contrast to the DR ...
... Guided outgrowth of leech neurons by lanes of native ECM protein resembles guidance of DRG neurons [6, 7]. The length of guided neurites, however, is hundreds of micrometers, i.e. distinctly longer than reported for DRG neurons. Leech neurons do not grow on irradiated substrate in contrast to the DR ...
Reprint () - Centre de recherche CERVO
... whisker-sensitive trigeminothalamic cells. A second problem concerns the heterogeneity of this cellular population: Intracellular staining of cells antidromically invaded from the thalamus revealed various morphologic types of vibrissa-responsive neurons across the SP5 subnuclei (Jacquin et al., 198 ...
... whisker-sensitive trigeminothalamic cells. A second problem concerns the heterogeneity of this cellular population: Intracellular staining of cells antidromically invaded from the thalamus revealed various morphologic types of vibrissa-responsive neurons across the SP5 subnuclei (Jacquin et al., 198 ...
Review Mitochondrial movement and positioning in axons
... focused on signals that affect axonal outgrowth, particularly neurotrophins. Neurotrophins are trophic factors that act via the Trk family of receptor tyrosine kinases and several downstream intracellular signaling pathways to support the growth, survival, differentiation and maintenance of neurons ...
... focused on signals that affect axonal outgrowth, particularly neurotrophins. Neurotrophins are trophic factors that act via the Trk family of receptor tyrosine kinases and several downstream intracellular signaling pathways to support the growth, survival, differentiation and maintenance of neurons ...
NIH Public Access
... Pioneering work by Aguayo and colleagues demonstrated that adult mammalian CNS neurons, which normally do not regenerate, are able to grow for long distances into the permissive environment of a peripheral nerve graft (Richardson et al. 1980, 1984; David and Aguayo 1981; Benfey and Aguayo 1982). The ...
... Pioneering work by Aguayo and colleagues demonstrated that adult mammalian CNS neurons, which normally do not regenerate, are able to grow for long distances into the permissive environment of a peripheral nerve graft (Richardson et al. 1980, 1984; David and Aguayo 1981; Benfey and Aguayo 1982). The ...
Patterning and axon guidance of cranial motor neurons
... In the hindbrain, a large number of transcription factors and other genes pattern rhombomere territories through their segmental expression9,13,20. Many of these genes regulate motor neuron development, either directly or indirectly. For example, the zinc finger transcription factor early growth res ...
... In the hindbrain, a large number of transcription factors and other genes pattern rhombomere territories through their segmental expression9,13,20. Many of these genes regulate motor neuron development, either directly or indirectly. For example, the zinc finger transcription factor early growth res ...
TRIGEMINAL NUCLEUS - eCurriculum
... Cell bodies of the primary afferents are located outside of the central nervous system (in the dorsal root ganglion for body information and in the Trigeminal ganglion for head information). ...
... Cell bodies of the primary afferents are located outside of the central nervous system (in the dorsal root ganglion for body information and in the Trigeminal ganglion for head information). ...
Axonal morphometry of hippocampal pyramidal neurons semi
... 1998). In particular, axonal arbors of pyramidal cells in area CA3 are much more extensive than their dendritic counterparts, reaching out to hundreds of thousands of potential post-synaptic targets (Ishizuka et al. 1990; Li et al. 1994; Wittner et al. 2007). The CA3 region emanates the richest netw ...
... 1998). In particular, axonal arbors of pyramidal cells in area CA3 are much more extensive than their dendritic counterparts, reaching out to hundreds of thousands of potential post-synaptic targets (Ishizuka et al. 1990; Li et al. 1994; Wittner et al. 2007). The CA3 region emanates the richest netw ...
A comparison of the distribution and morphology of ChAT
... ABSTRACT: Present knowledge concerning the organization of cholinergic structures of the spinal cord has been derived primarily from studies on small laboratory animals, while there is a complete lack of information concerning its structure in the pig. In the present study we employed choline acetyl ...
... ABSTRACT: Present knowledge concerning the organization of cholinergic structures of the spinal cord has been derived primarily from studies on small laboratory animals, while there is a complete lack of information concerning its structure in the pig. In the present study we employed choline acetyl ...
F-Spondin Is Required for Accurate Pathfinding of Commissural
... can act either as short-range cues in the form of membrane-attached and extracellular matrix-bound proteins or as long-range cues in the form of diffusible molecules. It is the relative balance between attractive and repulsive forces that regulates the directionality of axonal outgrowth during devel ...
... can act either as short-range cues in the form of membrane-attached and extracellular matrix-bound proteins or as long-range cues in the form of diffusible molecules. It is the relative balance between attractive and repulsive forces that regulates the directionality of axonal outgrowth during devel ...
Long lnterfascicular Axon Growth from Embryonic Neurons
... (2) A small transplant of hippocampal cells (taken from the series in Davies et al., 1993) lay farther back and laterally at the level of the hippocampal flexure. This transplant straddled the boundary between the fimbria and stria terminalis, with some donor cells in both tracts. The transplanted c ...
... (2) A small transplant of hippocampal cells (taken from the series in Davies et al., 1993) lay farther back and laterally at the level of the hippocampal flexure. This transplant straddled the boundary between the fimbria and stria terminalis, with some donor cells in both tracts. The transplanted c ...
Neurons and Nervous Tissue
... Neurons and Nervous Tissue - How do neurons generate and conduct signals? Chemical synaptic transmission begins with the arrival of an action potential ...
... Neurons and Nervous Tissue - How do neurons generate and conduct signals? Chemical synaptic transmission begins with the arrival of an action potential ...
Netrin
Netrins are a class of proteins involved in axon guidance. They are named after the Sanskrit word ""netr"", which means ""one who guides."" Netrins are genetically conserved across nematode worms, fruit flies, frogs, mice, and humans. Structurally, netrin resembles the extracellular matrix protein laminin.Netrins are chemotropic; a growing axon will either move towards or away from a higher concentration of netrin. Though the detailed mechanism of axon guidance is not fully understood, it is known that netrin attraction is mediated through UNC-40/DCC cell surface receptors and repulsion is mediated through UNC-5 receptors. Netrins also act as growth factors, encouraging cell growth activities in target cells. Mice deficient in netrin fail to form the hippocampal comissure or the corpus callosum.A proposed model for netrin activity in the spinal column of developing human embryos is that netrins are released by the floor plate and then are picked up by receptor proteins embedded in the growth cones of axons belonging to neurons in the developing spinal column. The bodies of these neurons remain stationary while the axons follow a path defined by netrins, eventually connecting to neurons inside the embryonic brain by developing synapses. Research supports that new axons tend to follow previously traced pathways, rather than being guided by netrins or related chemotropic factors.