Recognition and Management of Bioterrorism Agents
... No person to person transmission Survives for weeks in water, moist soil, straw, and decaying animal carcasses The signs and symptoms people develop depend on how they are exposed to tularemia ...
... No person to person transmission Survives for weeks in water, moist soil, straw, and decaying animal carcasses The signs and symptoms people develop depend on how they are exposed to tularemia ...
Bacillus anthracis and anthrax
... solution (1 tbsp. bleach per gallon of water). Spore destruction requires steam sterilization." It has also been reported that boiling (100 degrees C) for 30 minutes kills endospores of B. anthracis. An infection of local animal populations such as sheep and cattle could follow a biological attack w ...
... solution (1 tbsp. bleach per gallon of water). Spore destruction requires steam sterilization." It has also been reported that boiling (100 degrees C) for 30 minutes kills endospores of B. anthracis. An infection of local animal populations such as sheep and cattle could follow a biological attack w ...
Review - Springer
... When did infectious diseases become weaponized, as the title of Beyond Anthrax: The Weaponization of Infectious Diseases suggests? Why is this relevant to the busy clinician dealing with Mother Nature’s infections on a daily basis? The 2001 anthrax attacks not only reminded us that germs can still b ...
... When did infectious diseases become weaponized, as the title of Beyond Anthrax: The Weaponization of Infectious Diseases suggests? Why is this relevant to the busy clinician dealing with Mother Nature’s infections on a daily basis? The 2001 anthrax attacks not only reminded us that germs can still b ...
Emerging Infections and Medical Procedures
... – should maximize maternal (and fetal) survival – may involve the use of medications that are not typically used this population – may need to include antimicrobials with transplacental passage ...
... – should maximize maternal (and fetal) survival – may involve the use of medications that are not typically used this population – may need to include antimicrobials with transplacental passage ...
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PUBLIC HEALTH
... Anthrax is an infectious disease caused by bacteria called Bacillus anthracis. Anthrax may occur is several forms. Cutaneous (skin) anthrax, the most common form of the disease, occurs when anthrax spores come into contact with skin that is broken, such as a cut or sore. Cutaneous anthrax is marked ...
... Anthrax is an infectious disease caused by bacteria called Bacillus anthracis. Anthrax may occur is several forms. Cutaneous (skin) anthrax, the most common form of the disease, occurs when anthrax spores come into contact with skin that is broken, such as a cut or sore. Cutaneous anthrax is marked ...
Terrorism 101
... Filoviruses and Arenaviruses (Viral hemorrhagic fevers) ALL suspected or confirmed cases should be reported to health authorities immediately ...
... Filoviruses and Arenaviruses (Viral hemorrhagic fevers) ALL suspected or confirmed cases should be reported to health authorities immediately ...
Cutaneous Anthrax - UNC School of Medicine
... Cutaneous Anthrax: Diagnosis Notify local Health Department Before doing diagnostic tests Mask not required & personnel not at risk Disease acquired through contact with spores, not active bacteria ...
... Cutaneous Anthrax: Diagnosis Notify local Health Department Before doing diagnostic tests Mask not required & personnel not at risk Disease acquired through contact with spores, not active bacteria ...
Protocol for dealing with suspected anthrax in Ireland
... Two to four days after initial symptoms, abrupt onset of respiratory failure and hemodynamic collapse, possibly accompanied by thoracic edema and a widened mediastinum on chest radiograph suggestive of mediastinal lymphadenopathy and hemorrhagic mediastinitis. Gram-positive bacilli on blood cult ...
... Two to four days after initial symptoms, abrupt onset of respiratory failure and hemodynamic collapse, possibly accompanied by thoracic edema and a widened mediastinum on chest radiograph suggestive of mediastinal lymphadenopathy and hemorrhagic mediastinitis. Gram-positive bacilli on blood cult ...
Diseases of Bioterrorist Potential For Epidemiologists
... muscle aches, malaise, profound fatigue, sweats Gastrointestinal symptoms ...
... muscle aches, malaise, profound fatigue, sweats Gastrointestinal symptoms ...
Bioterrorism: An Even More Devastating Threat By Rick Weiss It
... been deemed so unlikely. "Who would do such a thing?" skeptics asked. Last week's attacks in New York and Washington seriously undermined such rational assurances. Biological attacks can be far more difficult to respond to than conventional terrorist attacks. For one thing, they are covert rather th ...
... been deemed so unlikely. "Who would do such a thing?" skeptics asked. Last week's attacks in New York and Washington seriously undermined such rational assurances. Biological attacks can be far more difficult to respond to than conventional terrorist attacks. For one thing, they are covert rather th ...
Gram Positive Bacilli
... Transmitted by contact with animal products eschar Spores remain infectious for years Usually cutaneous inoculation - slow healing ulcer, bacilli spread to lymphatics and bloodstream – 20% mortality if untreated – Respiratory anthrax is usually fatal even if treated – GI anthrax also occurs in some ...
... Transmitted by contact with animal products eschar Spores remain infectious for years Usually cutaneous inoculation - slow healing ulcer, bacilli spread to lymphatics and bloodstream – 20% mortality if untreated – Respiratory anthrax is usually fatal even if treated – GI anthrax also occurs in some ...
Anthrax
... TB is an infectious bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs. It is transmitted from person to person via droplets from the throat and lungs of people with the active respiratory disease. The symptoms of active TB of the lung are coughing, s ...
... TB is an infectious bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs. It is transmitted from person to person via droplets from the throat and lungs of people with the active respiratory disease. The symptoms of active TB of the lung are coughing, s ...
Biological Weapons
... Symptoms of anthrax begin after 1 to 6 days after infection. If the infection is on skin, itching will occur at the infected area followed by the formation of a black lesion. It can be cured with effective antibiotic treatment, few deaths occur. If the infection is in lung, the symptoms are similar ...
... Symptoms of anthrax begin after 1 to 6 days after infection. If the infection is on skin, itching will occur at the infected area followed by the formation of a black lesion. It can be cured with effective antibiotic treatment, few deaths occur. If the infection is in lung, the symptoms are similar ...
Khristy Nicholas - A History of the Development of Anthrax Vaccines and a Look into the Future
... use only, except in Russia. Recently, because of the advances on recombinant DNA technology, there has been great improvement in a spore related vaccine, but non- toxic! (Kaur & Bhatnagar, 2011). One of the major new discoveries was that “… spore antigens can be used to augment immunity against anth ...
... use only, except in Russia. Recently, because of the advances on recombinant DNA technology, there has been great improvement in a spore related vaccine, but non- toxic! (Kaur & Bhatnagar, 2011). One of the major new discoveries was that “… spore antigens can be used to augment immunity against anth ...
Handout-Bioterrorism
... Support development diagnostic test Support research Rx. and vaccines CDC April 2000 ...
... Support development diagnostic test Support research Rx. and vaccines CDC April 2000 ...
Bolotin and Koshheliev from NSC IECVM to UHOH
... Practical and theoretical training concerning full characterized anthrax spore contaminated test sites. I familiarized with a number of molecular-genetics methods such as high-resolution molecular assays including multiple-locus variablenumber tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), canonical single-nulceoti ...
... Practical and theoretical training concerning full characterized anthrax spore contaminated test sites. I familiarized with a number of molecular-genetics methods such as high-resolution molecular assays including multiple-locus variablenumber tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), canonical single-nulceoti ...
BIOTERRORISM - Univerzita Karlova v Praze
... • Anthrax may be the prototypic disease of bioterrorism although rarely spread from person to person • U.S. and British government scientists studied anthrax as a biologic weapon beginning approximately at the time of World War II (WWII). • Soviet Union in the late 1980s stored hundreds of tons of a ...
... • Anthrax may be the prototypic disease of bioterrorism although rarely spread from person to person • U.S. and British government scientists studied anthrax as a biologic weapon beginning approximately at the time of World War II (WWII). • Soviet Union in the late 1980s stored hundreds of tons of a ...
How To Weaponize Anthrax? - Eastern Journal of Medicine
... size is 1-1.5 x 1-8 µm and spore size is aproximately 1 µm that grows readily on conventional microbiology media, including blood agar. B. anthracis spores germinate when they enter an environment rich of amino acids, nucleosides, and glucose, similar to that of found in the blood or tissues of anim ...
... size is 1-1.5 x 1-8 µm and spore size is aproximately 1 µm that grows readily on conventional microbiology media, including blood agar. B. anthracis spores germinate when they enter an environment rich of amino acids, nucleosides, and glucose, similar to that of found in the blood or tissues of anim ...
Kein Folientitel
... – A rapidly increasing disease incidence – An unusual increase in the number of people seeking care, esp. with fever, respiratory, or gastrointestinal symptoms – An endemic disease rapidly emerging at an uncharacteristic time or in an usual pattern – Lower attack rate among persons who had been indo ...
... – A rapidly increasing disease incidence – An unusual increase in the number of people seeking care, esp. with fever, respiratory, or gastrointestinal symptoms – An endemic disease rapidly emerging at an uncharacteristic time or in an usual pattern – Lower attack rate among persons who had been indo ...
BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS
... Transmitted via sexual contact, sharing of needles and transfused blood Symptoms include tiredness, fever, night sweats, weight loss No single test as diagnosis Treatment (at present) cannot cure or restore the immune system ...
... Transmitted via sexual contact, sharing of needles and transfused blood Symptoms include tiredness, fever, night sweats, weight loss No single test as diagnosis Treatment (at present) cannot cure or restore the immune system ...
Bioterrorism - Open Source Medicine
... Bacilli can spread to lymphatics, and untreated cases can spread to the blood (causing septicemia and death) o Inhalation Anthrax (Woolsorter’s Disease): spores germinate in the lungs after inhalation ...
... Bacilli can spread to lymphatics, and untreated cases can spread to the blood (causing septicemia and death) o Inhalation Anthrax (Woolsorter’s Disease): spores germinate in the lungs after inhalation ...
Brucella
... Bacillus Cereus蜡样芽胞杆菌 • B. cereus food poisoning results from the ingestion of preformed enterotoxins, producing predominantly vomiting and diarrhea. • The vomiting form is most often associated with ingestion of a heat stable toxin from contaminated rice, while the diarrheal form is most often ass ...
... Bacillus Cereus蜡样芽胞杆菌 • B. cereus food poisoning results from the ingestion of preformed enterotoxins, producing predominantly vomiting and diarrhea. • The vomiting form is most often associated with ingestion of a heat stable toxin from contaminated rice, while the diarrheal form is most often ass ...
Anthrax
Anthrax is an acute disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Most forms of the disease are lethal, and it affects mostly animals. It is contagious and can be transmitted through contact or consumption of infected meat. Effective vaccines against anthrax are available, and some forms of the disease respond well to antibiotic treatment.Like many other members of the genus Bacillus, B. anthracis can form dormant endospores (often referred to as ""spores"" for short, but not to be confused with fungal spores) that are able to survive in harsh conditions for decades or even centuries. Such spores can be found on all continents, even Antarctica. When spores are inhaled, ingested, or come into contact with a skin lesion on a host, they may become reactivated and multiply rapidly.Anthrax commonly infects wild and domesticated herbivorous mammals that ingest or inhale the spores while grazing. Ingestion is thought to be the most common route by which herbivores contract anthrax. Carnivores living in the same environment may become infected by consuming infected animals. Diseased animals can spread anthrax to humans, either by direct contact (e.g., inoculation of infected blood to broken skin) or by consumption of a diseased animal's flesh.Anthrax does not spread directly from one infected animal or person to another; rather, it is spread by spores. These spores can be transported by clothing or shoes. The body of an animal that had active anthrax at the time of death can also be a source of anthrax spores. Owing to the hardiness of anthrax spores, and their ease of production in vitro, they are extraordinarily well suited to use (in powdered and aerosol form) as biological weapons. Such weaponization has been accomplished in the past by at least five state bioweapons programs — those of the United Kingdom, Japan, the United States, Russia, and Iraq — and has been attempted by several others.Until the 20th century, anthrax infections killed hundreds of thousands of animals and people worldwide each year. French scientist Louis Pasteur developed the first effective vaccine for anthrax in 1881. Anthrax is especially rare in dogs and cats, as is evidenced by a single reported case in the United States in 2001.Anthrax outbreaks occur in some wild animal populations with some regularity.The disease is more common in countries without widespread veterinary or human public health programs. In the 21st century, anthrax is still a problem in less developed countries. An outbreak of anthrax in humans who had eaten meat from a dead carabao was reported in Cagayan Province in the Philippines in early 2010, with over 400 cases of illness and at least two fatalities.B. anthracis bacterial spores are soil-borne. Because of their long lifespan, spores are present globally and remain at the burial sites of animals killed by anthrax for many decades. Disturbed grave sites of infected animals have caused reinfection over 70 years after the animal's interment.