anthrax - sfcdcp
... Inhalational Anthrax Inhalational anthrax is caused by inhalation of spores that reach the alveoli, undergo phagocytosis and travel to regional lymph nodes. The spores then germinate to become bacterial cells, which multiply in the lymphatic system and cause lymphadenitis of the mediastinal and peri ...
... Inhalational Anthrax Inhalational anthrax is caused by inhalation of spores that reach the alveoli, undergo phagocytosis and travel to regional lymph nodes. The spores then germinate to become bacterial cells, which multiply in the lymphatic system and cause lymphadenitis of the mediastinal and peri ...
Anthrax JULY 2008 - San Francisco Bay Area Advanced Practice
... INTRODUCTION Anthrax is an acute infection caused by Bacillus anthracis, a large, gram-positive, spore-forming, aerobic, encapsulated, rod-shaped bacterium. Spores germinate and form bacteria in nutrient-rich environments, whereas bacteria form spores in nutrient-poor environments. The anthrax bacil ...
... INTRODUCTION Anthrax is an acute infection caused by Bacillus anthracis, a large, gram-positive, spore-forming, aerobic, encapsulated, rod-shaped bacterium. Spores germinate and form bacteria in nutrient-rich environments, whereas bacteria form spores in nutrient-poor environments. The anthrax bacil ...
Anthrax as a Biological Weapon Medical and Public Health
... and neck, are the most frequently affected. There are no data to suggest the possibility of a prolonged latency period in cutaneous anthrax. In Sverdlovsk, cutaneous cases occurred only as late as 12 days after the original aerosol release.8 After the spore germinates in skin tissues, toxin product ...
... and neck, are the most frequently affected. There are no data to suggest the possibility of a prolonged latency period in cutaneous anthrax. In Sverdlovsk, cutaneous cases occurred only as late as 12 days after the original aerosol release.8 After the spore germinates in skin tissues, toxin product ...
West Nile Virus
... – Anthrax in animals most commonly occurs following ingestion of (eating) the organism, but can also occur by breathing in the organisms or through a wound. – Herbivores (animals that only eat plants) are the most susceptible to disease, while carnivores (animals that eat primarily meat) are relativ ...
... – Anthrax in animals most commonly occurs following ingestion of (eating) the organism, but can also occur by breathing in the organisms or through a wound. – Herbivores (animals that only eat plants) are the most susceptible to disease, while carnivores (animals that eat primarily meat) are relativ ...
Overview of Category A Bioterrorism Agents
... Inhalational Anthrax • Spores are inhaled – taken up by alveolar macrophages which then move to lymph nodes • Spores germinate, producing edema factor and lethal factor toxins • Toxins produce local hemorrhagic lymphadenitis and necrosis in the chest (mediastinum) • Septicemia can result, leading to ...
... Inhalational Anthrax • Spores are inhaled – taken up by alveolar macrophages which then move to lymph nodes • Spores germinate, producing edema factor and lethal factor toxins • Toxins produce local hemorrhagic lymphadenitis and necrosis in the chest (mediastinum) • Septicemia can result, leading to ...
#1 - School of Public Health
... Inhalational Anthrax • Spores are inhaled – taken up by alveolar macrophages which then move to lymph nodes • Spores germinate, producing edema factor and lethal factor toxins • Toxins produce local hemorrhagic lymphadenitis and necrosis in the chest (mediastinum) • Septicemia can result, leading to ...
... Inhalational Anthrax • Spores are inhaled – taken up by alveolar macrophages which then move to lymph nodes • Spores germinate, producing edema factor and lethal factor toxins • Toxins produce local hemorrhagic lymphadenitis and necrosis in the chest (mediastinum) • Septicemia can result, leading to ...
"Technical, Economics and Legal Obstacles to the Development of Faccines and other Therapeutics for Potential Bioterrorism Agents"
... • Vaccine challenges – New culture system – How to determine efficacy – Complications due to vaccination – Development of animal models ...
... • Vaccine challenges – New culture system – How to determine efficacy – Complications due to vaccination – Development of animal models ...
Bacillus anthracis
... • Tiny, Gram-negative coccobacilli from blood, lymph node aspirate, or respiratory specimens • Blood isolates that will grow slowly on chocolate agar but poorly or not at all on blood agar in 24 hours • Faint growth in thio; requires cysteine in other broth • Refer to state lab ...
... • Tiny, Gram-negative coccobacilli from blood, lymph node aspirate, or respiratory specimens • Blood isolates that will grow slowly on chocolate agar but poorly or not at all on blood agar in 24 hours • Faint growth in thio; requires cysteine in other broth • Refer to state lab ...
File
... conditions except in the living body • Virulence factors – polypeptide capsule and exotoxins • 3 types of anthrax: – Cutaneous – spores enter through skin – Pulmonary –inhalation of spores – Gastrointestinal – ingested spores ...
... conditions except in the living body • Virulence factors – polypeptide capsule and exotoxins • 3 types of anthrax: – Cutaneous – spores enter through skin – Pulmonary –inhalation of spores – Gastrointestinal – ingested spores ...
Potential Biological Weapons Threats
... disease or disability, such as Ascaris suum, to some of the familiar agents deemed most deadly, such as B. anthracis, ricin, plague, and botulinum toxins (Table). During this period, the number of known deaths is only 10, while the total number of casualties is 990. However, the numbers should not g ...
... disease or disability, such as Ascaris suum, to some of the familiar agents deemed most deadly, such as B. anthracis, ricin, plague, and botulinum toxins (Table). During this period, the number of known deaths is only 10, while the total number of casualties is 990. However, the numbers should not g ...
MILK BORNE DISEASES OR ILLNESS:
... chocolate milk have been reported. Its ability to grow at temperatures as low as 0°C permits multiplication in refrigerated foods. At refrigeration temperature, such as 4°C, the amount of ferric iron can affect the growth of L. monocytogenes. It can grow and reproduce inside the host's cells and is ...
... chocolate milk have been reported. Its ability to grow at temperatures as low as 0°C permits multiplication in refrigerated foods. At refrigeration temperature, such as 4°C, the amount of ferric iron can affect the growth of L. monocytogenes. It can grow and reproduce inside the host's cells and is ...
Bioterrorism Readiness Plan
... Skin contact Associated with infected animals such as sheep, goats, and cattle (Woolsorter’s disease) No person to person transmission occurs from patients with respiratory disease caused by anthrax Direct exposure to cutaneous anthrax lesions may result in secondary cutaneous infections ...
... Skin contact Associated with infected animals such as sheep, goats, and cattle (Woolsorter’s disease) No person to person transmission occurs from patients with respiratory disease caused by anthrax Direct exposure to cutaneous anthrax lesions may result in secondary cutaneous infections ...
1- Overview - Moodle Lille 2
... - Title II: Enhancing Controls on Dangerous Biological Agents and Toxins - Title III: Protecting Safety and Security of Food and Drug Supply - Title IV: Drinking Water Security and Safety ...
... - Title II: Enhancing Controls on Dangerous Biological Agents and Toxins - Title III: Protecting Safety and Security of Food and Drug Supply - Title IV: Drinking Water Security and Safety ...
Anthrax - Government of Manitoba
... disease (2, 8). Oropharyngeal anthrax can lead to toxemia and acute respiratory distress syndrome followed by shock, coma and death (2). b) Gastrointestinal anthrax: The lesion may occur anywhere within the gastrointestinal tract but is usually in the ileum and cecum (2). Lesions are usually ulcerat ...
... disease (2, 8). Oropharyngeal anthrax can lead to toxemia and acute respiratory distress syndrome followed by shock, coma and death (2). b) Gastrointestinal anthrax: The lesion may occur anywhere within the gastrointestinal tract but is usually in the ileum and cecum (2). Lesions are usually ulcerat ...
Biological Weapons - GlobalSecurity.org
... • Caused by droplet aerosols secreted by people who were infected by primary or secondary aerosols • Seen only with agents contagious by respiratory droplet infection SECONDARY NON-AEROSOL • Transmitted by infected animals (rodents, insect parasites) directly or via objects, food or water, OR • Tran ...
... • Caused by droplet aerosols secreted by people who were infected by primary or secondary aerosols • Seen only with agents contagious by respiratory droplet infection SECONDARY NON-AEROSOL • Transmitted by infected animals (rodents, insect parasites) directly or via objects, food or water, OR • Tran ...
Economic, Social, and/or Political Impact of Infectious Diseases
... _______ per ______ people affected. ...
... _______ per ______ people affected. ...
Chapter 19 - eacfaculty.org
... • gram-positive, endospore-forming, motile rods • mostly saprobic • aerobic & catalase positive • source of antibiotics • primary habitat is soil • 2 species of medical importance – Bacillus anthracis – Bacillus cereus ...
... • gram-positive, endospore-forming, motile rods • mostly saprobic • aerobic & catalase positive • source of antibiotics • primary habitat is soil • 2 species of medical importance – Bacillus anthracis – Bacillus cereus ...
Anthrax in Europe: its epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and role
... facultatively anaerobic, large, Gram-positive bacillus, which, under adverse growth conditions, forms a single subterminal endospore. The endospores are formed only in the presence of oxygen and will not be seen in clinical specimens, such as blood smears. The vegetative form grows readily on many a ...
... facultatively anaerobic, large, Gram-positive bacillus, which, under adverse growth conditions, forms a single subterminal endospore. The endospores are formed only in the presence of oxygen and will not be seen in clinical specimens, such as blood smears. The vegetative form grows readily on many a ...
Bioweapons - Texas A&M University–Central Texas
... c. Also prohibited by treaty -- “biological and toxin weapons” different from CW even if ...
... c. Also prohibited by treaty -- “biological and toxin weapons” different from CW even if ...
File
... all. Symptoms include high fever, severe headache, chills, muscle aches, and vomiting, and may include jaundice (yellow skin and eyes), red eyes, abdominal pain, diarrhea, or a rash. If the disease is not treated, the patient could develop kidney damage, meningitis (inflammation of the membrane arou ...
... all. Symptoms include high fever, severe headache, chills, muscle aches, and vomiting, and may include jaundice (yellow skin and eyes), red eyes, abdominal pain, diarrhea, or a rash. If the disease is not treated, the patient could develop kidney damage, meningitis (inflammation of the membrane arou ...
History of Microbiology
... He introduced staining techniques. He prepared dried bacterial films (Smears) on glass slides and stained them with aniline dyes for producing a better contrast under microscope. He discovered tubercle bacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) which is popularly called as Koch’s bacillus. He injected tu ...
... He introduced staining techniques. He prepared dried bacterial films (Smears) on glass slides and stained them with aniline dyes for producing a better contrast under microscope. He discovered tubercle bacillus (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) which is popularly called as Koch’s bacillus. He injected tu ...
Bioterrorism: Key Facts about Anthrax, Smallpox, Plague and Botulism
... be discussed with the microbiology laboratory and an infectious diseases physician. Diagnosis is confirmed by culture of the bacteria from blood or affected tissues. Recommended treatment is initially with intravenous ciprofloxacin because of concerns that terrorists may possess antibiotic-resistant ...
... be discussed with the microbiology laboratory and an infectious diseases physician. Diagnosis is confirmed by culture of the bacteria from blood or affected tissues. Recommended treatment is initially with intravenous ciprofloxacin because of concerns that terrorists may possess antibiotic-resistant ...
Menacing Microbes: The Threat of Bioterrorism
... • Like all viruses, smallpox and the hemorrhagic fever viruses are obligate intracellular parasites. To replicate, they require the synthetic machinery of the host cells that they invade. ...
... • Like all viruses, smallpox and the hemorrhagic fever viruses are obligate intracellular parasites. To replicate, they require the synthetic machinery of the host cells that they invade. ...
ANTHRAX AND OTHER VACCINES: USE IN THE U.S. MILITARY
... Safely and routinely administered to at-risk wool mill workers, veterinarians, laboratory workers, and livestock handlers in the United States Manufactured by BioPort Corporation Currently requires 6 shots & annual booster to maintain full ...
... Safely and routinely administered to at-risk wool mill workers, veterinarians, laboratory workers, and livestock handlers in the United States Manufactured by BioPort Corporation Currently requires 6 shots & annual booster to maintain full ...
Anthrax
Anthrax is an acute disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Most forms of the disease are lethal, and it affects mostly animals. It is contagious and can be transmitted through contact or consumption of infected meat. Effective vaccines against anthrax are available, and some forms of the disease respond well to antibiotic treatment.Like many other members of the genus Bacillus, B. anthracis can form dormant endospores (often referred to as ""spores"" for short, but not to be confused with fungal spores) that are able to survive in harsh conditions for decades or even centuries. Such spores can be found on all continents, even Antarctica. When spores are inhaled, ingested, or come into contact with a skin lesion on a host, they may become reactivated and multiply rapidly.Anthrax commonly infects wild and domesticated herbivorous mammals that ingest or inhale the spores while grazing. Ingestion is thought to be the most common route by which herbivores contract anthrax. Carnivores living in the same environment may become infected by consuming infected animals. Diseased animals can spread anthrax to humans, either by direct contact (e.g., inoculation of infected blood to broken skin) or by consumption of a diseased animal's flesh.Anthrax does not spread directly from one infected animal or person to another; rather, it is spread by spores. These spores can be transported by clothing or shoes. The body of an animal that had active anthrax at the time of death can also be a source of anthrax spores. Owing to the hardiness of anthrax spores, and their ease of production in vitro, they are extraordinarily well suited to use (in powdered and aerosol form) as biological weapons. Such weaponization has been accomplished in the past by at least five state bioweapons programs — those of the United Kingdom, Japan, the United States, Russia, and Iraq — and has been attempted by several others.Until the 20th century, anthrax infections killed hundreds of thousands of animals and people worldwide each year. French scientist Louis Pasteur developed the first effective vaccine for anthrax in 1881. Anthrax is especially rare in dogs and cats, as is evidenced by a single reported case in the United States in 2001.Anthrax outbreaks occur in some wild animal populations with some regularity.The disease is more common in countries without widespread veterinary or human public health programs. In the 21st century, anthrax is still a problem in less developed countries. An outbreak of anthrax in humans who had eaten meat from a dead carabao was reported in Cagayan Province in the Philippines in early 2010, with over 400 cases of illness and at least two fatalities.B. anthracis bacterial spores are soil-borne. Because of their long lifespan, spores are present globally and remain at the burial sites of animals killed by anthrax for many decades. Disturbed grave sites of infected animals have caused reinfection over 70 years after the animal's interment.