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357 CHAPTER 21 Nucleoid . Plasmids . SPORES
357 CHAPTER 21 Nucleoid . Plasmids . SPORES

... low water content and the presence of a large amount of a substance found only in spores, calcium dipicolinate. Resistance to chemicals and, to some extent, radiation is aided by extremely tough, special coats surrounding the spore. These include a spore membrane (equivalent to the former cell membr ...
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... Nuclear factor 1 X-type (NF1X) is a transcription factor known to bind the palindromic consensus sequence TTGGC(N)5GCCAA [1], and has been shown to activate replication of adenoviral DNA [2]. It is highly conserved in vertebrates, with chicken and hamster orthologs showing 92% amino acid sequence id ...
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... Genes are the smallest chemical parts that form segments of chromosomes. Genes determine what we look like. There are not two organisms alike in the world unless you are an identical twin or a clone. Alleles are an alternate form of a gene for one trait. E.g. Brown and blue eyes are two different al ...
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Vectors in gene therapy

Gene therapy utilizes the delivery of DNA into cells, which can be accomplished by several methods, summarized below. The two major classes of methods are those that use recombinant viruses (sometimes called biological nanoparticles or viral vectors) and those that use naked DNA or DNA complexes (non-viral methods).
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