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A novel species of thermoacidophilic archaeon, Sulfolobus
A novel species of thermoacidophilic archaeon, Sulfolobus

... Lipid analysis. Total lipids were extracted by the methods of Takayanagi et al. (1996). Lipids were then degraded by acid methanolysis as described by Furuya et al. (1980) and separated by TLC on silica gel plates (type HPTLC, catalogue no. 1.05631 ; Merck). The first solvent system was chloroform/m ...
Lynx - SAT 2012
Lynx - SAT 2012

... SAT Solvers “are a black-box” Problem Users want more Control • The story so far … • SAT solvers have been amazingly successful in many fields • AI, formal methods, testing, program analysis,… ...
Foundations in Microbiology
Foundations in Microbiology

Slide 1
Slide 1

...  Which bacterial species have a protein that is related in lineage to another protein?  What other genes encode proteins that exhibit structures or motifs such as ones that have just been determined? ...
pdf
pdf

... one can isolate operator constitutive mutations, abbreviated oc. The wildtype o+ is inducible. b. Mutations in the operator are cis-acting; they only affect the expression of structural genes on the same chromosome. (1) The merodiploid I+ocZ+/I+o+Z- [this is an abbreviation for lacI+oclacZ+/lacI+o+l ...
A natural chimeric yeast containing genetic material from three species
A natural chimeric yeast containing genetic material from three species

... Saccharomyces bayanus-like, are ubiquitous and contributed parts of the nuclear genome ; the third, Saccharomyces sp. IFO 1802-like, which has been found only in Japan, contributed the mitochondrial DNA molecule. These data suggest that the yeast cell is able to accommodate, express and propagate ge ...
Chromosomal G + C Content Evolution in Yeasts
Chromosomal G + C Content Evolution in Yeasts

... et al. 1992; Mancera et al. 2008) and that recombination hot spots tend to occur in local peaks of G þ C content (Gerton et al. 2000; Birdsell 2002; Mancera et al. 2008). For several years, it was unclear which of these two factors drove the other: whether a high local G þ C content could increase t ...
Supplementary Figures (doc 928K)
Supplementary Figures (doc 928K)

... entities). Stacked percentage distribution of level 0 cluster sizes from the group of all sequences, divided by cluster specificity. The “specificity” of a cluster is determined by the number of sequences that belong to the CLL group or the non-CLL group. If all sequences are non-CLL then the cluste ...
High mutation rates in human and ape pseudoautosomal genes
High mutation rates in human and ape pseudoautosomal genes

Discovery of Cyclotide-Like Protein Sequences in Graminaceous
Discovery of Cyclotide-Like Protein Sequences in Graminaceous

... distribution reported so far raises questions about the evolution of the cyclotides within the plant kingdom. In this study, we use a combined bioinformatics and expression analysis approach to elucidate the evolution and distribution of the cyclotides in the plant kingdom and report the discovery o ...
Presentation
Presentation

... Multialignments • Select BLAST alignments to be multialigned • Clustal-W performs multialignment • Aligns – The originating IMAS gene sequence – The “Full” sequence found by BLAST • Not just the high-quality section – Useful to align entire genes, or entire corresponding segments of DNA ...
The promiscuous primase
The promiscuous primase

... Both ORF904 and Pyrococcus enzymes have zinc-binding structural elements adjacent to the active centre of the enzyme. Surprisingly, however, these motifs are found in unrelated positions in the two enzymes (Figure 2b). Although it has been demonstrated that a positively charged cleft adjacent to the ...
Using an Alu Insertion Polymorphism to Study Human
Using an Alu Insertion Polymorphism to Study Human

... Alu is a member of the family of short interspersed elements (SINEs) and is approximately 300 nucleotides in length. Alu owes its name to a recognition site for the endonuclease AluI in its middle. Although Alu is sometimes called a “jumping gene,” it is not properly a gene, because it does not prod ...
Answer Appendix B - McGraw Hill Higher Education
Answer Appendix B - McGraw Hill Higher Education

... a gene and distinguishes it from other genes. Genes are located in chromosomes, which are found within living cells. C4. At the molecular level, a gene (a sequence of DNA) is first transcribed into RNA. The genetic code within the RNA is used to synthesize a protein with a particular amino acid sequ ...
Specialized Transduction
Specialized Transduction

... The best studied example of specialized transduction, apart from λ, is found in eukaryotic retroviruses (reviewed in reference 68). Recent evidence suggests that the chromosomes of transducing retrovirus particles arise by cotranscription of an inserted provirus and an adjoining host gene, splicing ...
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) 分析與應用
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) 分析與應用

... to disease. They are useful as genetic markers that can be used to find the functional SNPs because of associations between the marker SNPs and the functional SNPs. • SNPs of various types can change the function or the regulation and expression of a protein. The most obvious type is a nonsynonymous ...
Microevolutionary processes in the stygobitic genus Typhlocirolana
Microevolutionary processes in the stygobitic genus Typhlocirolana

... out using paup 4.0, b. 10 (Swofford 2001). We performed the likelihood mapping method (Strimmer and von Haeseler 1997) using tree-puzzle (Schmidt et al. 2002) in order to test the a priori phylogenetic signal in the two portions of the mtDNA studied. Testing for the evolutionary model that best fit ou ...
Complete Mitochondrial DNA Sequences of Six
Complete Mitochondrial DNA Sequences of Six

... The traditional classification of snakes based on morphology (Hoffstetter 1955; Underwood 1967) divided snakes into three major groups: the Scolecophidia (blindsnakes), the Henophidia (primitive snakes) and the Caenophidia (advanced snakes). The scolecophidians are small snakes highly specialized in t ...
On the molecular evolutionary clock
On the molecular evolutionary clock

... o f hemoglobin, humans, gorillas, and chimpanzees were more closely related to each other (there was no detectable difference between them) than either one was to the orangutan. This inference and some additional ones drawn from the same work suggested to me that there might be a proportionality ...
Genetic mapping of Theobroma cacao (Malvaceae - Funpec-RP
Genetic mapping of Theobroma cacao (Malvaceae - Funpec-RP

... Amazon and Guiana (Almeida and Valle, 2007). Cacao grows in tropical areas of the Central and South Americas, Asia and Africa (Marita et al., 2001). The fruits of T. cacao are commercially explored for the production of seeds destined to the preparation of cocoa derivatives and sub-products, mainly ...
Applications of Bioinformatics and Genomics/Proteomics
Applications of Bioinformatics and Genomics/Proteomics

... Homework time policy: Each homework assignment must be returned in ten days by noon. (For example, for a Wednesday class this homework must be returned via e-mail next Saturday by noon) Absolutely NO excuse for a late homework return (automatic 0 points). Several EXTRA assignments will be available ...
Organization and dynamics of plant interphase chromosomes
Organization and dynamics of plant interphase chromosomes

... nuclear architecture during transcription and repair. Anaphase orientation may or may not be maintained during interphase In 1885 C. Rabl [1] proposed that chromosomes are oriented in an arrangement reflecting anaphase, with centromeres and telomeres clustered at opposite nuclear poles, and T. Bover ...
File - western undergrad. by the students, for the students.
File - western undergrad. by the students, for the students.

... Lipids and biological membranes Readings: p.54-55, p.70-71, p.363-372 All cells are enclosed by a membrane composed of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates. Eucaryotic cells also have internal membranes that divide the cell into different compartments (Fig 11-3, p.366). Biological membranes have sever ...
High throughput nucleic acid sample preparation in 96 well plates
High throughput nucleic acid sample preparation in 96 well plates

... before lysis by using a Retsch Mixer mill under liquid nitrogen. The DNA was eluted in 60 µl and 5 µl were used in a subsequent PCR reaction. 10 µl of the PCR products were analyzed on a 2% agarose gel. ...
A large scale analysis of resistance gene
A large scale analysis of resistance gene

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Non-coding DNA

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