Maternal mRNAs are regulated by diverse P body
... to elements in glp-1, rme-2, and numerous other mRNAs to repress their translation (Lee and Schedl, 2001; Marin and Evans, 2003; Lee and Schedl, 2006). As germ cell nuclei enter late stages of oogenesis, GLD-1 disappears and the PUF domain protein PUF-5 is made; PUF-5 and its homologues PUF-6 and PU ...
... to elements in glp-1, rme-2, and numerous other mRNAs to repress their translation (Lee and Schedl, 2001; Marin and Evans, 2003; Lee and Schedl, 2006). As germ cell nuclei enter late stages of oogenesis, GLD-1 disappears and the PUF domain protein PUF-5 is made; PUF-5 and its homologues PUF-6 and PU ...
Cell-Free Protein Expression Systems
... Rabbit Reticulocyte Lysate (RRL), Nuclease-Treated, is optimized for mRNA translation by the addition of several supplements. These include hemin, which prevents activation of the heme-regulated eIF-2a kinase; an energy-generating system consisting of phosphocreatine kinase and phosphocreatine; and ...
... Rabbit Reticulocyte Lysate (RRL), Nuclease-Treated, is optimized for mRNA translation by the addition of several supplements. These include hemin, which prevents activation of the heme-regulated eIF-2a kinase; an energy-generating system consisting of phosphocreatine kinase and phosphocreatine; and ...
Descriptions of Banbury Conference
... Ceman proposed a model of FMRP regulation in which FMRP enters the nucleus, there binds to mRNAs, is then phosphorylated, stopping any further RNA binding, and transports its bound mRNAs elsewhere in the cells. This model helps to explain the regulation of the varied and sometimes contradictory func ...
... Ceman proposed a model of FMRP regulation in which FMRP enters the nucleus, there binds to mRNAs, is then phosphorylated, stopping any further RNA binding, and transports its bound mRNAs elsewhere in the cells. This model helps to explain the regulation of the varied and sometimes contradictory func ...
RNA Amplification and cDNA Synthesis for qRT
... transcription, the samples were treated with DNase I to remove the ds cDNA template, as well as a large portion of genomic DNA. The amplified RNA was purified using an RNA Clean & Concentrator™-5 column (Zymo Research) and then reverse-transcribed, using random primers, into cDNA in a final volume o ...
... transcription, the samples were treated with DNase I to remove the ds cDNA template, as well as a large portion of genomic DNA. The amplified RNA was purified using an RNA Clean & Concentrator™-5 column (Zymo Research) and then reverse-transcribed, using random primers, into cDNA in a final volume o ...
not a plastid specific promoter but is also capable of
... and the parental 35S promoter construction (pGSFR28O, 10) were transiently expressed in SRI protoplasts. The expression level of PAT directed by pGSCMI100 is only tenfold below that of pGSFR28O (fig. 4b). This is an increase of several orders of magnitude with respect to the original psbA bar gene a ...
... and the parental 35S promoter construction (pGSFR28O, 10) were transiently expressed in SRI protoplasts. The expression level of PAT directed by pGSCMI100 is only tenfold below that of pGSFR28O (fig. 4b). This is an increase of several orders of magnitude with respect to the original psbA bar gene a ...
Estimating the ``Effective Number of Codons`
... Wright’s estimate of Nc, but the methods that work in cases where a gene encodes a protein not containing all amino acids with degenerate codons have not been tested against each other. In this article I derive five new estimators of Nc and test them together with the two published estimators, using ...
... Wright’s estimate of Nc, but the methods that work in cases where a gene encodes a protein not containing all amino acids with degenerate codons have not been tested against each other. In this article I derive five new estimators of Nc and test them together with the two published estimators, using ...
Comparative analyses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNAs using
... areas of a yeast colony for subsequent Northern blot analyses with speci¢c probes could be of considerable interest. 3.2. RNA Nano Assay makes it possible to analyse RNAs protected against RNases by formamide When comparative studies on the content of particular mRNAs within a total yeast RNA are pe ...
... areas of a yeast colony for subsequent Northern blot analyses with speci¢c probes could be of considerable interest. 3.2. RNA Nano Assay makes it possible to analyse RNAs protected against RNases by formamide When comparative studies on the content of particular mRNAs within a total yeast RNA are pe ...
Text Book of Molecular Biology
... The wavelength of maximum absorption of light by nucleic acids is 260nm,(lambda max=260) which is conveniently distinct from the lambda max of protein(280nm). The absorption properties of nucleic acids can be used for detection, quantitation and assessment of purity of nucleic acids. Ⅴ. Denaturation ...
... The wavelength of maximum absorption of light by nucleic acids is 260nm,(lambda max=260) which is conveniently distinct from the lambda max of protein(280nm). The absorption properties of nucleic acids can be used for detection, quantitation and assessment of purity of nucleic acids. Ⅴ. Denaturation ...
Alternative Splicing in Higher Plants
... ESTs can be used to identify areas of the genomic sequence where there are genes – more intensive strategies are used to identify the full length of the gene ...
... ESTs can be used to identify areas of the genomic sequence where there are genes – more intensive strategies are used to identify the full length of the gene ...
biological dynamics
... 2. Sort for specific behavior changes or deficits 3. Search for the underlying gene mutation • became the father of neurogenetics ...
... 2. Sort for specific behavior changes or deficits 3. Search for the underlying gene mutation • became the father of neurogenetics ...
Genome segment 5 of Antheraea mylitta cytoplasmic polyhedrosis
... Results: In this study genome segment 5 (S5) of AmCPV was converted to cDNA, cloned and sequenced. S5 consisted of 2180 nucleotides, with one long ORF of 1818 nucleotides and could encode a protein of 606 amino acids with molecular mass of ~65 kDa (p65). Bioinformatics analysis showed presence of KL ...
... Results: In this study genome segment 5 (S5) of AmCPV was converted to cDNA, cloned and sequenced. S5 consisted of 2180 nucleotides, with one long ORF of 1818 nucleotides and could encode a protein of 606 amino acids with molecular mass of ~65 kDa (p65). Bioinformatics analysis showed presence of KL ...
novel 4E-interacting protein in Leishmania is involved in stage
... eukaryotic translation Initiation Factor 4F (eIF4F) complex at the 50 -end of mRNAs. eIF4F consists of a cap-binding protein, eIF4E; a large scaffold MIF4G-domain protein, eIF4G; and a DEAD-box RNA helicase, eIF4A, which promotes RNA secondary structure unfolding in the 50 -UTR for scanning by the c ...
... eukaryotic translation Initiation Factor 4F (eIF4F) complex at the 50 -end of mRNAs. eIF4F consists of a cap-binding protein, eIF4E; a large scaffold MIF4G-domain protein, eIF4G; and a DEAD-box RNA helicase, eIF4A, which promotes RNA secondary structure unfolding in the 50 -UTR for scanning by the c ...
An efficient method for genome-wide polyadenylation
... into the 30 -untranslated regions (UTR). Our comparative analysis demonstrates that it outperforms existing protocols in quality and throughput and accurately quantifies RNA levels as only one read is produced from each transcript. We use this method to characterize the diversity of polyadenylation ...
... into the 30 -untranslated regions (UTR). Our comparative analysis demonstrates that it outperforms existing protocols in quality and throughput and accurately quantifies RNA levels as only one read is produced from each transcript. We use this method to characterize the diversity of polyadenylation ...
Perturbations ofDrosophila aActinin Cause Muscle Paralysis
... greater than those of analogues visualized in image reconstructions of bee Z-discs (170-240 Á), suggesting that in vitro and in vivo a-actinin conformations can be rather distinct (Cheng and Deatherage, 1989; Deatherage et al., 1989) . One means by which to reconcile these results is to propose that ...
... greater than those of analogues visualized in image reconstructions of bee Z-discs (170-240 Á), suggesting that in vitro and in vivo a-actinin conformations can be rather distinct (Cheng and Deatherage, 1989; Deatherage et al., 1989) . One means by which to reconcile these results is to propose that ...
Termination of translation: interplay of mRNA, rRNAs and release
... rRNA can interact directly with stop codons in mRNA (see Arkov and Murgola, 1999). This version of the ®rst hypothesis is supported by data from several experiments. First, mutations in the small and large rRNAs strongly affect translational termination (see Green and Noller, 1997; Velichutina et al ...
... rRNA can interact directly with stop codons in mRNA (see Arkov and Murgola, 1999). This version of the ®rst hypothesis is supported by data from several experiments. First, mutations in the small and large rRNAs strongly affect translational termination (see Green and Noller, 1997; Velichutina et al ...
Supplementary Material PDF
... Fig. S6. foxd3 and tfap2a interact reciprocally with prdm1a at the NPB. (A,B) WT embryos (A) and embryos injected with 8 ng foxd3-MO (B) were fixed at 2-somites and ISH was performed for prdm1a. Dorsal view of embryos shows increased prdm1a expression in foxd3 morphants. (C) Embryos at 2-somites we ...
... Fig. S6. foxd3 and tfap2a interact reciprocally with prdm1a at the NPB. (A,B) WT embryos (A) and embryos injected with 8 ng foxd3-MO (B) were fixed at 2-somites and ISH was performed for prdm1a. Dorsal view of embryos shows increased prdm1a expression in foxd3 morphants. (C) Embryos at 2-somites we ...
1_Genbank
... genomecentric sequence-information management systems that can connect specialized sequence collections with browsing tools. As an added bonus, this chapter presents some of the great genomecentric resources dealing with viruses, bacteria, or human beings. ...
... genomecentric sequence-information management systems that can connect specialized sequence collections with browsing tools. As an added bonus, this chapter presents some of the great genomecentric resources dealing with viruses, bacteria, or human beings. ...
Slide 1
... Most of the work of making RNA takes place during transcription. During transcription, segments of DNA serve as templates to produce complementary RNA molecules. The base sequences of the transcribed RNA complement the base sequences of the template DNA. In prokaryotes, RNA synthesis and protein syn ...
... Most of the work of making RNA takes place during transcription. During transcription, segments of DNA serve as templates to produce complementary RNA molecules. The base sequences of the transcribed RNA complement the base sequences of the template DNA. In prokaryotes, RNA synthesis and protein syn ...
The Nucleotide and Derived Amino Acid
... apo-A-IV contained 376 residues. Throughout most of quence and organization of the docosapeptide units are reits length, human apo-A-IVwas found to contain mul- markably homologous to the tandemly repeated segments tiple tandem 22-residue repeated segments having am- found in apo-A-I (7,9),which sug ...
... apo-A-IV contained 376 residues. Throughout most of quence and organization of the docosapeptide units are reits length, human apo-A-IVwas found to contain mul- markably homologous to the tandemly repeated segments tiple tandem 22-residue repeated segments having am- found in apo-A-I (7,9),which sug ...
The origin of the RNA world: Co-evolution of genes and metabolism
... could have been provided by amino, carboxylate, and phosphate groups. Rate accelerations and control over regioselectivity and stereochemistry would likely have been modest, leading to small preferences for certain reactions and products. The catalytic capabilities of small molecules have not been e ...
... could have been provided by amino, carboxylate, and phosphate groups. Rate accelerations and control over regioselectivity and stereochemistry would likely have been modest, leading to small preferences for certain reactions and products. The catalytic capabilities of small molecules have not been e ...
Brooker Chapter 13
... It is important to note that this is but one example of one type of experiment that helped decipher the genetic code Copyright ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display ...
... It is important to note that this is but one example of one type of experiment that helped decipher the genetic code Copyright ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display ...
Controlling morpholino experiments: don`t stop making antisense
... the target mRNA. This approach is particularly attractive in those (now rather few) model species whose genome sequence is unknown, because one does not need to know the intron-exon structure of the target gene to inhibit its function. The design of MOs intended to inhibit translation has been exten ...
... the target mRNA. This approach is particularly attractive in those (now rather few) model species whose genome sequence is unknown, because one does not need to know the intron-exon structure of the target gene to inhibit its function. The design of MOs intended to inhibit translation has been exten ...
Instruction Manual, PureZOL RNA Isolation Reagent - Bio-Rad
... proteins from various samples. This reagent allows processing of small amounts of starting material (50 cells or 5 mg of tissue), and can be scaled up to process large amounts of starting material. PureZOL RNA isolation reagent is a monophasic solution of phenol and guanidine isothiocynate, an impro ...
... proteins from various samples. This reagent allows processing of small amounts of starting material (50 cells or 5 mg of tissue), and can be scaled up to process large amounts of starting material. PureZOL RNA isolation reagent is a monophasic solution of phenol and guanidine isothiocynate, an impro ...
NIHMS103218-supplement-2
... same spatiotemporal context as demonstrated previously for RPGR4,23,24. Hence, the abrogation of RPGRIP1L-RPGR interaction is likely to be relevant in photoreceptors. Second-site modifications are emerging as prevalent phenomena in Mendelian disorders. For example, PLS3 is a protective modulator of ...
... same spatiotemporal context as demonstrated previously for RPGR4,23,24. Hence, the abrogation of RPGRIP1L-RPGR interaction is likely to be relevant in photoreceptors. Second-site modifications are emerging as prevalent phenomena in Mendelian disorders. For example, PLS3 is a protective modulator of ...
ucscDatabase
... • Most of the information in a GenBank flat file record ends up in the genome database. • The mrna table contains an entry for every mRNA, EST, and RefSeq. • The mrna table itself just contains the GenBank accession, and id’s that link into other tables. ...
... • Most of the information in a GenBank flat file record ends up in the genome database. • The mrna table contains an entry for every mRNA, EST, and RefSeq. • The mrna table itself just contains the GenBank accession, and id’s that link into other tables. ...
Messenger RNA
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a large family of RNA molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence of the protein products of gene expression. Following transcription of primary transcript mRNA (known as pre-mRNA) by RNA polymerase, processed, mature mRNA is translated into a polymer of amino acids: a protein, as summarized in the central dogma of molecular biology.As in DNA, mRNA genetic information is in the sequence of nucleotides, which are arranged into codons consisting of three bases each. Each codon encodes for a specific amino acid, except the stop codons, which terminate protein synthesis. This process of translation of codons into amino acids requires two other types of RNA: Transfer RNA (tRNA), that mediates recognition of the codon and provides the corresponding amino acid, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), that is the central component of the ribosome's protein-manufacturing machinery.The existence of mRNA was first suggested by Jacques Monod and François Jacob, and subsequently discovered by Jacob, Sydney Brenner and Matthew Meselson at the California Institute of Technology in 1961.