Patchy distribution of flexible genetic elements in bacterial
... incidence and diversity of pSmeSM11a-like plasmids was analysed in isolates of Sinorhizobium meliloti from two field sites, representing two populations. Five of 21 strains isolated from one field, and four of 16 strains from the other field contained plasmids with pSmeSM11a-like backbone genes, whi ...
... incidence and diversity of pSmeSM11a-like plasmids was analysed in isolates of Sinorhizobium meliloti from two field sites, representing two populations. Five of 21 strains isolated from one field, and four of 16 strains from the other field contained plasmids with pSmeSM11a-like backbone genes, whi ...
THE SELFISH GENE
... Culture distinguishes individuals from the other living beings. Cultural transmission is a phenomenon similar to genetic transmission because it can provoke a sort of evolution. For example, changes in clothing, customs and feeding represent forms of progress. Taken that genes are replicators, a new ...
... Culture distinguishes individuals from the other living beings. Cultural transmission is a phenomenon similar to genetic transmission because it can provoke a sort of evolution. For example, changes in clothing, customs and feeding represent forms of progress. Taken that genes are replicators, a new ...
Exploration 13 - Warner Pacific College
... If the table above is confusing to you, try substituting values for p and q. For example, instead of p sperm/ova with the A allele and q with the a allele, substitute 0.7 sperm/ova with A and 0.3 with a. Then, what percent of offspring with the genotype aa would you expect? The generation offspring ...
... If the table above is confusing to you, try substituting values for p and q. For example, instead of p sperm/ova with the A allele and q with the a allele, substitute 0.7 sperm/ova with A and 0.3 with a. Then, what percent of offspring with the genotype aa would you expect? The generation offspring ...
Symbiotic DNA in eukaryotic genomes
... duplications are induced by the (Box 3) or mobile introns (Box 4). presence of the same sequence The evolutionary relationship be at several locations, and by the tween these mobile elements and the genomes they inhabit recombinogenic nature of most transposition mechanisms. is one of the most intri ...
... duplications are induced by the (Box 3) or mobile introns (Box 4). presence of the same sequence The evolutionary relationship be at several locations, and by the tween these mobile elements and the genomes they inhabit recombinogenic nature of most transposition mechanisms. is one of the most intri ...
Non-Mendelian inheritance
... mtDNAs occur in all aerobic eukaryotic cells and generate energy for cell function by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) producing ATP. ...
... mtDNAs occur in all aerobic eukaryotic cells and generate energy for cell function by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) producing ATP. ...
Chapter 2: Introduction to Molecular Genetics
... Three DNA sequences are shown, labelled A, B and C. The capital letters represent the paternal alleles and the lower case letters represent the maternal alleles. The middle panel shows the physical process of recombination, which involves crossing over of DNA strands between the paired chromosomes. ...
... Three DNA sequences are shown, labelled A, B and C. The capital letters represent the paternal alleles and the lower case letters represent the maternal alleles. The middle panel shows the physical process of recombination, which involves crossing over of DNA strands between the paired chromosomes. ...
Comparative Bacterial Genomics Genome Databases
... similar information. The next part is the annotations, genes and CDS (CoDing Sequences). In this section the genes are described by their location, direction, note, and translation. ...
... similar information. The next part is the annotations, genes and CDS (CoDing Sequences). In this section the genes are described by their location, direction, note, and translation. ...
Answers questions chapter 15
... peptidyl transferase to occur. This rotation, however, frequently causes tRNAs with incorrectly base paired anticodons to dissociate from the ribosome. ...
... peptidyl transferase to occur. This rotation, however, frequently causes tRNAs with incorrectly base paired anticodons to dissociate from the ribosome. ...
Evaluation of research techniques to study fungal evasion in vitro
... glycoprotein (SOWgp). To avoid immune recognition, the fungus degrades the SOWgp by a metalloproteinase, Mep1, that is secreted during endospore differentiation. This way, Mep1 secretion helps the fungus to evade phagocytosis and killing and increases it virulence27. Modulation of inflammatory signa ...
... glycoprotein (SOWgp). To avoid immune recognition, the fungus degrades the SOWgp by a metalloproteinase, Mep1, that is secreted during endospore differentiation. This way, Mep1 secretion helps the fungus to evade phagocytosis and killing and increases it virulence27. Modulation of inflammatory signa ...
Test Information Sheet
... 5-34 repeats, premutation (mutable normal) alleles have 35-49 repeats, and disease alleles have greater than 50 repeats (Martorell et al., 2001). The clinical subtypes associated with disease alleles fall within a spectrum that is loosely based on CTG repeat number, where the mildest, latest onset f ...
... 5-34 repeats, premutation (mutable normal) alleles have 35-49 repeats, and disease alleles have greater than 50 repeats (Martorell et al., 2001). The clinical subtypes associated with disease alleles fall within a spectrum that is loosely based on CTG repeat number, where the mildest, latest onset f ...
Divergent evolution of oxidosqualene cyclases in plants
... & Huelsenbeck, 2003) was used, with 10 000 000 generations performed with a sampling every 10 000 generations by the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. For molecular evolution analysis, genes from the CS and LS groups were separated and used to construct CS-derived and LSderived phylogenetic trees, re ...
... & Huelsenbeck, 2003) was used, with 10 000 000 generations performed with a sampling every 10 000 generations by the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. For molecular evolution analysis, genes from the CS and LS groups were separated and used to construct CS-derived and LSderived phylogenetic trees, re ...
Transposable Elements in Rice Plants
... forms of retroviruses. Two general methods have been developed to isolate retrotransposon of plants. By using these methods, at least 12 families of retrotransposons of rice (Tosl-Tosl2) were isolated. One retrotransposon, Tos3-1, was subjected to detailed investigation. Tos3-1 is 5.2 kb long and ha ...
... forms of retroviruses. Two general methods have been developed to isolate retrotransposon of plants. By using these methods, at least 12 families of retrotransposons of rice (Tosl-Tosl2) were isolated. One retrotransposon, Tos3-1, was subjected to detailed investigation. Tos3-1 is 5.2 kb long and ha ...
Divergent evolution of oxidosqualene cyclases in plants
... & Huelsenbeck, 2003) was used, with 10 000 000 generations performed with a sampling every 10 000 generations by the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. For molecular evolution analysis, genes from the CS and LS groups were separated and used to construct CS-derived and LSderived phylogenetic trees, re ...
... & Huelsenbeck, 2003) was used, with 10 000 000 generations performed with a sampling every 10 000 generations by the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. For molecular evolution analysis, genes from the CS and LS groups were separated and used to construct CS-derived and LSderived phylogenetic trees, re ...
cis-Regulatory Elements and trans-Acting Factors
... was studied and showed a role of cAMP and protein kinase C.15 This is similar to the regulation demonstrated in primary cultures of JG cells.2 Therefore, these cells may provide a useful model for studying the regulation of renin gene expression. Using transient DNA transfections, Duncan et a116 rep ...
... was studied and showed a role of cAMP and protein kinase C.15 This is similar to the regulation demonstrated in primary cultures of JG cells.2 Therefore, these cells may provide a useful model for studying the regulation of renin gene expression. Using transient DNA transfections, Duncan et a116 rep ...
Self-incompatibility: How to Stay Incompatible
... population than those carrying common alleles, which will often arrive on a recipient plant whose stigma expresses the same incompatibility type and consequently be rejected. There is thus an advantage for new specificities to arise, and once present, alleles are only rarely eliminated from a specie ...
... population than those carrying common alleles, which will often arrive on a recipient plant whose stigma expresses the same incompatibility type and consequently be rejected. There is thus an advantage for new specificities to arise, and once present, alleles are only rarely eliminated from a specie ...
disease revealed by a metagenomic approach Reduced diversity of
... maintenance of inflammatory bowel disease, especially Crohn’s disease (CD), to which genetic susceptibility and disorders in mucosal immunity could also be implicated.1 Mutations in the CARD15/NOD2 gene have been associated with a higher risk of CD.2 Similarly, dysbiosis has recently been coined as ...
... maintenance of inflammatory bowel disease, especially Crohn’s disease (CD), to which genetic susceptibility and disorders in mucosal immunity could also be implicated.1 Mutations in the CARD15/NOD2 gene have been associated with a higher risk of CD.2 Similarly, dysbiosis has recently been coined as ...
Transvection and pairing of a Drosophila Hox long noncoding RNA
... mutations break within a region in the ftz-Antp interval where intergenic transcription has been previously observed (Calhoun and Levine 2003). One additional GOF mutation maps distal to this region in the first intron of Antp. Though transcripts from the ftz-Antp interval have been structurally det ...
... mutations break within a region in the ftz-Antp interval where intergenic transcription has been previously observed (Calhoun and Levine 2003). One additional GOF mutation maps distal to this region in the first intron of Antp. Though transcripts from the ftz-Antp interval have been structurally det ...
Supplementary Notes for the work: "Evolutionary Rate and Gene
... mean protein length of the remaining cortical genes and the sub-cortical genes is identical. The ER of the cortical genes was still lower (0.0966 vs 0.1363 in the cortical and the sub cortical regions respectively, p-value < 10-16). When considering the length of the entire genes (including introns) ...
... mean protein length of the remaining cortical genes and the sub-cortical genes is identical. The ER of the cortical genes was still lower (0.0966 vs 0.1363 in the cortical and the sub cortical regions respectively, p-value < 10-16). When considering the length of the entire genes (including introns) ...
Regulation of DNA Polymerase Exonucleolytic Proofreading Activity
... Amino acid substitutions that produce the antimutator phenotype were also identified in the polymerase active center, but the polymerase and exonuclease active centers are separated by a relatively great distance, about 30 Å (Wang et al. 1997). Proofreading requires that the primer strand be moved ...
... Amino acid substitutions that produce the antimutator phenotype were also identified in the polymerase active center, but the polymerase and exonuclease active centers are separated by a relatively great distance, about 30 Å (Wang et al. 1997). Proofreading requires that the primer strand be moved ...
DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER - THE MODEL ORGANISM OF
... permit the rapid and simple cloning of the DNA adjacent to their insertion point have been generated (Cooley et al., 1988). Given that the Drosophila genome is completely sequenced and at an advanced level of annotation, in most cases, sequencing of the P-element adjacent DNA permits immediate and u ...
... permit the rapid and simple cloning of the DNA adjacent to their insertion point have been generated (Cooley et al., 1988). Given that the Drosophila genome is completely sequenced and at an advanced level of annotation, in most cases, sequencing of the P-element adjacent DNA permits immediate and u ...
What is the Molecular Clock? Components of the Molecular Clock
... in a series of negative feedback loops. These transcription factors bind to DNA regions called promoters, which are DNA sequences found near a gene. The binding of a transcription factor to a promoter may turn the gene on or off, thereby controlling production of proteins. In some cases, a heterodim ...
... in a series of negative feedback loops. These transcription factors bind to DNA regions called promoters, which are DNA sequences found near a gene. The binding of a transcription factor to a promoter may turn the gene on or off, thereby controlling production of proteins. In some cases, a heterodim ...
Tumour necrosis factor α -308G/A gene polymorphism
... and percentages) in tables. Multiple logistic regression models were used to compare the distribution of genotypes between cases and controls and to determine the association between TNFα308 G/A polymorphism and knee OA. To adjust differences in age, BMI, and gender between the groups, these three v ...
... and percentages) in tables. Multiple logistic regression models were used to compare the distribution of genotypes between cases and controls and to determine the association between TNFα308 G/A polymorphism and knee OA. To adjust differences in age, BMI, and gender between the groups, these three v ...
Practical General Microbiology Lab
... Mannitol Salt Agar is a nutritive medium due to its content of peptones and beef extract, which supply essential growth factors, such as nitrogen, carbon, sulfur and trace nutrients. The 7.5% concentration of sodium chloride results in the inhibition of bacterial organisms other than staphylococci. ...
... Mannitol Salt Agar is a nutritive medium due to its content of peptones and beef extract, which supply essential growth factors, such as nitrogen, carbon, sulfur and trace nutrients. The 7.5% concentration of sodium chloride results in the inhibition of bacterial organisms other than staphylococci. ...
Genetically modified soybean
... Electroporation is exactly what its namesake implies—it is the creation of pores by using electricity. Specifically, it is when a pulsed magnetic field is used to create pores in plant cells, “through which genes can be taken up, and in the ...
... Electroporation is exactly what its namesake implies—it is the creation of pores by using electricity. Specifically, it is when a pulsed magnetic field is used to create pores in plant cells, “through which genes can be taken up, and in the ...