Plants` Epigenetic Secrets
... There are three different types of DNA methylation in plants: CG, CHH (where H is any base except G), and CHG. In Arabidopsis, CG methylation is found on some genes, but primarily on repeat sequences that make up transposons, as well as other repeat sequences in the genome. CHH methylation is found ...
... There are three different types of DNA methylation in plants: CG, CHH (where H is any base except G), and CHG. In Arabidopsis, CG methylation is found on some genes, but primarily on repeat sequences that make up transposons, as well as other repeat sequences in the genome. CHH methylation is found ...
Ribosomal frameshifting in decoding antizyme mRNAs from yeast
... ubiquitination (28,29). By also affecting transport of extracellular polyamines, antizyme negatively affects the uptake of polyamines (30–32). In contrast to its effect on ornithine decarboxylase, antizyme binding inhibits the degradation (33) of a protein known as ‘antizyme inhibitor’ because of its a ...
... ubiquitination (28,29). By also affecting transport of extracellular polyamines, antizyme negatively affects the uptake of polyamines (30–32). In contrast to its effect on ornithine decarboxylase, antizyme binding inhibits the degradation (33) of a protein known as ‘antizyme inhibitor’ because of its a ...
Impact of Tandem Repeats on the Scaling of Nucleotide Sequences
... In the present study, we show that estimation of the scaling exponent can be significantly affected by the presence of tandem repeats which are ubiquitous in DNA sequences. While scaling in introns have been associated with the presence of long-range correlations (α > 0.5) drawing such conclusion ca ...
... In the present study, we show that estimation of the scaling exponent can be significantly affected by the presence of tandem repeats which are ubiquitous in DNA sequences. While scaling in introns have been associated with the presence of long-range correlations (α > 0.5) drawing such conclusion ca ...
SAMPLE LITERATURE Please refer to included weblink for correct
... GFP and its related fluorescent proteins have become an essential tool in cell and molecular biology. Using DNA cloning strategies, proteins can be “tagged” with fluorescent proteins and then expressed in cells. These tags simplify purification because a GFP-labeled protein can be tracked using UV ligh ...
... GFP and its related fluorescent proteins have become an essential tool in cell and molecular biology. Using DNA cloning strategies, proteins can be “tagged” with fluorescent proteins and then expressed in cells. These tags simplify purification because a GFP-labeled protein can be tracked using UV ligh ...
Mouse Repeats
... The B1 family of repeat elements is closely related to human Alus. Like the Alus, they are derived from the 7SL RNA gene (Ullu and Tschudi 1984). Unlike the Alus, which are dimers, B1s are monomers approximately 140 nucleotides in length, with an internal 29-nucleotide duplication (Labuda, Sinnett e ...
... The B1 family of repeat elements is closely related to human Alus. Like the Alus, they are derived from the 7SL RNA gene (Ullu and Tschudi 1984). Unlike the Alus, which are dimers, B1s are monomers approximately 140 nucleotides in length, with an internal 29-nucleotide duplication (Labuda, Sinnett e ...
Supplementary Methods.
... Potential scoring bias. Because our motif conservation score is based on the number of conserved motifs, the top predictions tended to be more conserved and longer than the average. Since we had found that longer, more conserved fragments are more likely to function as enhancers in our assay, we con ...
... Potential scoring bias. Because our motif conservation score is based on the number of conserved motifs, the top predictions tended to be more conserved and longer than the average. Since we had found that longer, more conserved fragments are more likely to function as enhancers in our assay, we con ...
Biology 113 Closed Book Take-Home Exam #1 – Information
... No, as show in Figure 21, bigger cells grow faster which explain the tail on the right side of this graph. This was not a question about population growth rates. c) Describe one form of information that bacteria use to determine when it is time to divide or not. Support your answer with data. Answer ...
... No, as show in Figure 21, bigger cells grow faster which explain the tail on the right side of this graph. This was not a question about population growth rates. c) Describe one form of information that bacteria use to determine when it is time to divide or not. Support your answer with data. Answer ...
A one-step purification method of the E. coli ribosome with
... with the ribosome will certainly give further insight into the details of the gene expression machinery and the other molecular processes in the cell. Apart from the fundamental research interest that surrounds the ribosome, the ribosome is also of a medical interest, since it is the target of many ...
... with the ribosome will certainly give further insight into the details of the gene expression machinery and the other molecular processes in the cell. Apart from the fundamental research interest that surrounds the ribosome, the ribosome is also of a medical interest, since it is the target of many ...
Chapter 8: Gene Expression, Mutation, Cloning
... The use of nucleic acid codons to specify amino acid sequence in proteins A codon is comprised of three nucleotides = 64 possible combinations (43 combinations) 61 codons code for ~20 amino acids Redundancy – may be more than 1 code per amino acid 3 others are stop codons, which end protei ...
... The use of nucleic acid codons to specify amino acid sequence in proteins A codon is comprised of three nucleotides = 64 possible combinations (43 combinations) 61 codons code for ~20 amino acids Redundancy – may be more than 1 code per amino acid 3 others are stop codons, which end protei ...
deschamp_2009_sequencing
... Polymorphism rate in one line vs. another = need to set conditions for alignment ...
... Polymorphism rate in one line vs. another = need to set conditions for alignment ...
Flowers - Oregon State University
... •The initiator CH42 is expressed in phloem (see right) •The suppressors are expressed in either phloem or mesophyll Right – GUS produced in Phloem Left – Control (wildtype) ...
... •The initiator CH42 is expressed in phloem (see right) •The suppressors are expressed in either phloem or mesophyll Right – GUS produced in Phloem Left – Control (wildtype) ...
Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology
... proteins and protein complexes. It was demonstrated that by cooperative protein binding to DNA, proteins act as a powerful molecular machine [15]. The seminal experiments, which focused on protein-DNA interactions involved in transcription, copying, and packaging of DNA, were performed around the tu ...
... proteins and protein complexes. It was demonstrated that by cooperative protein binding to DNA, proteins act as a powerful molecular machine [15]. The seminal experiments, which focused on protein-DNA interactions involved in transcription, copying, and packaging of DNA, were performed around the tu ...
Gene Section E2F1 (E2F transcription factor 1) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... direct transcriptional activation of the ARF tumor suppressor gene by E2F1. ARF sequesters MDM2 away from P53, leading consequently to P53 stabilization and activation. Nevertheless, ARF overexpression may lead to E2F1 downregulation, as ARF targets the latter for proteasomal degradation through skp ...
... direct transcriptional activation of the ARF tumor suppressor gene by E2F1. ARF sequesters MDM2 away from P53, leading consequently to P53 stabilization and activation. Nevertheless, ARF overexpression may lead to E2F1 downregulation, as ARF targets the latter for proteasomal degradation through skp ...
Arabidopsis Ethylene-Responsive Element Binding
... that was close to the levels obtained with the reporter construct alone (Figure 5D), indicating that AtERF3 repressed not only basal activity of a reporter gene but also the activity of another transcriptional activator. AtERF3 suppression of AtERF5 activation was found to be dose dependent, with th ...
... that was close to the levels obtained with the reporter construct alone (Figure 5D), indicating that AtERF3 repressed not only basal activity of a reporter gene but also the activity of another transcriptional activator. AtERF3 suppression of AtERF5 activation was found to be dose dependent, with th ...
14lctout - Evergreen Archives
... Overview of Gene Regulation Mechanisms in Bacteria (Fig. 14.1) A. Transcriptional Regulation 1. A gene is not transcribed; no mRNA is made. 2. This is the most energy-efficient control mechanism—No mRNA or protein is made. ...
... Overview of Gene Regulation Mechanisms in Bacteria (Fig. 14.1) A. Transcriptional Regulation 1. A gene is not transcribed; no mRNA is made. 2. This is the most energy-efficient control mechanism—No mRNA or protein is made. ...
Edvotek 222
... and emission, allowing scientists to develop a rainbow of fluorescent proteins. For example, GFP can be converted to BFP by making two amino acid substitutions, one of which is in the chromophore (His-Tyr). For their discovery and development of GFP and other fluorescent proteins, Osamu Shimomura, M ...
... and emission, allowing scientists to develop a rainbow of fluorescent proteins. For example, GFP can be converted to BFP by making two amino acid substitutions, one of which is in the chromophore (His-Tyr). For their discovery and development of GFP and other fluorescent proteins, Osamu Shimomura, M ...
Structural analysis of both products of a reciprocal translocation
... Comparative r e s t r i c t i o n mapping and b l o t hybridization experiments showed that this fragment contains Immunoglobulin heavy chain sequences extending from J5 to the 5' ...
... Comparative r e s t r i c t i o n mapping and b l o t hybridization experiments showed that this fragment contains Immunoglobulin heavy chain sequences extending from J5 to the 5' ...
State v. Johnson
... is assigned the frequency of ten percent. In other words, no allele will be assumed to occur less frequently than ten percent of the time in any of the several populations, regardless of how infrequently it 299 might actually have occurred. If an allele's frequency is greater than ten percent in any ...
... is assigned the frequency of ten percent. In other words, no allele will be assumed to occur less frequently than ten percent of the time in any of the several populations, regardless of how infrequently it 299 might actually have occurred. If an allele's frequency is greater than ten percent in any ...
1030examII
... Amino acids and DNA DNA and mRNA codons Codons of mRNA and amino acids Promoters and amino acids Promoters and terminators ...
... Amino acids and DNA DNA and mRNA codons Codons of mRNA and amino acids Promoters and amino acids Promoters and terminators ...
Leukaemia Section t(3;9)(q27;p13) GRHPR/BCL6 Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... Prot) which mediates homodimerization and proteinprotein interactions with other corepressors (including HDAC1 and NCOR2/SMRT to constitute a large repressing complex, another transcription repression domain (191-386), PEST sequences (300-417) with a KKYK motif (375-379), and six zinc finger at the ...
... Prot) which mediates homodimerization and proteinprotein interactions with other corepressors (including HDAC1 and NCOR2/SMRT to constitute a large repressing complex, another transcription repression domain (191-386), PEST sequences (300-417) with a KKYK motif (375-379), and six zinc finger at the ...
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The
... may provide several crucial advantages than traditional vaccines including the relative safe, the inherent stability of their molecular structure, the specificity of the antigen produced, both of humoral and cellular immune responses could be elicited, the easy to prepare in large amount with high pu ...
... may provide several crucial advantages than traditional vaccines including the relative safe, the inherent stability of their molecular structure, the specificity of the antigen produced, both of humoral and cellular immune responses could be elicited, the easy to prepare in large amount with high pu ...
Expression analysis of a chicory fructan 1‐exohydrolase gene
... approach was used to clone the 1149 nt promoter fragment of FEHIIa (Michiels et al., 2003b). After obtaining the sequence for the HE-TAIL-PCR product, two gene-speci®c primers ±1149 HindIII-for (5¢-GTAAGCTTCGCAGACCTCTATCCATATATTAGTTC-3¢) and ATGKpnI-rev (5¢-AAAGGTACCTCTTCATGATGAGTGTGTGTGTTTGG-3¢) we ...
... approach was used to clone the 1149 nt promoter fragment of FEHIIa (Michiels et al., 2003b). After obtaining the sequence for the HE-TAIL-PCR product, two gene-speci®c primers ±1149 HindIII-for (5¢-GTAAGCTTCGCAGACCTCTATCCATATATTAGTTC-3¢) and ATGKpnI-rev (5¢-AAAGGTACCTCTTCATGATGAGTGTGTGTGTTTGG-3¢) we ...
Genome-scale CRISPR pooled screens
... apoptosis preferentially in cells with the mutant form of BRAF [25]. In the clinic, vemurafenib results in reduction of solid tumors, but within weeks resistance to the drug develops, which is followed by tumor regrowth and a poor prognosis. Identifying mechanisms of resistance can help to inform th ...
... apoptosis preferentially in cells with the mutant form of BRAF [25]. In the clinic, vemurafenib results in reduction of solid tumors, but within weeks resistance to the drug develops, which is followed by tumor regrowth and a poor prognosis. Identifying mechanisms of resistance can help to inform th ...
Chapter 13 Unintended Horizontal Transfer of Recombinant DNA
... DNA is continually released from living organisms (e.g. crop plants) shedding tissues or cells or from their decaying debris. The release of DNA is therefore not specific to GMOs and the effect thereof should be seen in the context of DNA released from other organisms present in the same natural sys ...
... DNA is continually released from living organisms (e.g. crop plants) shedding tissues or cells or from their decaying debris. The release of DNA is therefore not specific to GMOs and the effect thereof should be seen in the context of DNA released from other organisms present in the same natural sys ...
Primary transcript
A primary transcript is the single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) product synthesized by transcription of DNA, and processed to yield various mature RNA products such as mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs. The primary transcripts designated to be mRNAs are modified in preparation for translation. For example, a precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) is a type of primary transcript that becomes a messenger RNA (mRNA) after processing.There are several steps contributing to the production of primary transcripts. All these steps involve a series of interactions to initiate and complete the transcription of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotes. Certain factors play key roles in the activation and inhibition of transcription, where they regulate primary transcript production. Transcription produces primary transcripts that are further modified by several processes. These processes include the 5' cap, 3'-polyadenylation, and alternative splicing. In particular, alternative splicing directly contributes to the diversity of mRNA found in cells. The modifications of primary transcripts have been further studied in research seeking greater knowledge of the role and significance of these transcripts. Experimental studies based on molecular changes to primary transcripts the processes before and after transcription have led to greater understanding of diseases involving primary transcripts.