Variation and Selection at the CAULIFLOWER Floral Homeotic
... suites of structural traits that differentiate cultivated species from their wild relatives, or even between various crop subspecies (Schwanitz 1967; Doebley 1993). Crop species have thus been widely regarded as providing some of the best and most dramatic examples of the degree to which plant morph ...
... suites of structural traits that differentiate cultivated species from their wild relatives, or even between various crop subspecies (Schwanitz 1967; Doebley 1993). Crop species have thus been widely regarded as providing some of the best and most dramatic examples of the degree to which plant morph ...
Chapter 17 Section 1: Genetic Variation
... What do we now know about heredity that Darwin did not know? We now know about genetics, such as how genotype relates to phenotype. ...
... What do we now know about heredity that Darwin did not know? We now know about genetics, such as how genotype relates to phenotype. ...
Patient with syndromic cleft lip-palate, mosaic karyotype and
... It is known that in multifactorial genetic diseases which are of CLP type, the biggest share of genetic impact comes to several genes, but along with them morphogenesis could be controlled by many more genes (18). These genes are called “genetic background”, and they may participate in facial morpho ...
... It is known that in multifactorial genetic diseases which are of CLP type, the biggest share of genetic impact comes to several genes, but along with them morphogenesis could be controlled by many more genes (18). These genes are called “genetic background”, and they may participate in facial morpho ...
Roux`s Arch Dev Biol 193, 283
... vide a means of obtaining information about different aspects of embryonic development. The number of gene functions affected indicates how many components are specific to the process. The kinds of phenotypic change observed in mutant embryos reveal parameters of the developmental system. Insights i ...
... vide a means of obtaining information about different aspects of embryonic development. The number of gene functions affected indicates how many components are specific to the process. The kinds of phenotypic change observed in mutant embryos reveal parameters of the developmental system. Insights i ...
sewall wright - National Academy of Sciences
... factors associated with the upper and lower limb (whether fore or hind). This kind of work has had a recent resurgence of interest. Population Genetics and Evolution. In this area the name of Wright is regularly associated with those of Haldane and Fisher. Each had his own style and made distinctive ...
... factors associated with the upper and lower limb (whether fore or hind). This kind of work has had a recent resurgence of interest. Population Genetics and Evolution. In this area the name of Wright is regularly associated with those of Haldane and Fisher. Each had his own style and made distinctive ...
Early frameshift alleles of zebrafish tbx5a that fail to
... initiation codon; while several possibly initiating ATGs are situated downstream and before the T-box, the amino acid sequence at the N-terminus where our alleles are introduced show conservation from teleosts to mammals (E.C., C.M., data not shown). In addition, frameshift mutations in similar posi ...
... initiation codon; while several possibly initiating ATGs are situated downstream and before the T-box, the amino acid sequence at the N-terminus where our alleles are introduced show conservation from teleosts to mammals (E.C., C.M., data not shown). In addition, frameshift mutations in similar posi ...
Maternal-Zygotic Gene Conflict Over Sex Determination: Effects of Inbreeding
... interactions between maternal-effect genes and zygotically expressing genes. Maternal-effect genes typically produce products (e.g., mRNA or proteins) that are placed into the egg during oogenesis and therefore depend upon maternal genotype. Here it is shown that maternal-effect and zygotic genes ar ...
... interactions between maternal-effect genes and zygotically expressing genes. Maternal-effect genes typically produce products (e.g., mRNA or proteins) that are placed into the egg during oogenesis and therefore depend upon maternal genotype. Here it is shown that maternal-effect and zygotic genes ar ...
Plasticity has a genetic basis
... life history traits (development time, body size, fecundity, etc.). Two items struck me from this study: First, the null hypothesis was that any differences in life history characters between populations would be due entirely to differences in microhabitat, which would be compensated for via phenoty ...
... life history traits (development time, body size, fecundity, etc.). Two items struck me from this study: First, the null hypothesis was that any differences in life history characters between populations would be due entirely to differences in microhabitat, which would be compensated for via phenoty ...
Genetics of asthma and atopy Koppelman, Gerard
... of the heterozygotes. Possible explanations include differences in recruitment strategies of these populations, an age effect (mean age of our population is 52 years versus 14 years in the study of Baldini), or different genegene, and gene-environmental interactions in these different populations. W ...
... of the heterozygotes. Possible explanations include differences in recruitment strategies of these populations, an age effect (mean age of our population is 52 years versus 14 years in the study of Baldini), or different genegene, and gene-environmental interactions in these different populations. W ...
A comparison of biological and cultural evolution
... What is biological evolution, and what is cultural evolution? Biological evolution is a population-level process guided in large part by selection and, in small populations, also by random processes. In the biological world, there are two types of selection targeted at individuals and based on diffe ...
... What is biological evolution, and what is cultural evolution? Biological evolution is a population-level process guided in large part by selection and, in small populations, also by random processes. In the biological world, there are two types of selection targeted at individuals and based on diffe ...
Homo sapiens - Carol Lee Lab
... (1) Genetic differences between human and chimps are small; differences are mostly regulatory (development), especially trans-regulatory… some cis-regulatory changes (2) There was an adaptive radiation of hominid species ~3 mya, such that several species coexisted (3) Overall pattern toward larger b ...
... (1) Genetic differences between human and chimps are small; differences are mostly regulatory (development), especially trans-regulatory… some cis-regulatory changes (2) There was an adaptive radiation of hominid species ~3 mya, such that several species coexisted (3) Overall pattern toward larger b ...
Problems from Strickberger`s Genetics
... individual and produces a first offspring that is blue-eyed? (b) For the same mating as in (a), what proportions of the two eye colors are expected among further offspring? (c) What are the expected proportions of eye colors among the offspring of a mating between two brown-eyed individuals who each ...
... individual and produces a first offspring that is blue-eyed? (b) For the same mating as in (a), what proportions of the two eye colors are expected among further offspring? (c) What are the expected proportions of eye colors among the offspring of a mating between two brown-eyed individuals who each ...
Morgan and Linkage
... of sex. In the generation of a single human egg, females average between 20 and 60 recombinations. Human males, on the other hand, average between 15 and 35 recombination events per sperm (Chowdhury et al., 2009). Although there are various theories about the source of this sex difference, the reason ...
... of sex. In the generation of a single human egg, females average between 20 and 60 recombinations. Human males, on the other hand, average between 15 and 35 recombination events per sperm (Chowdhury et al., 2009). Although there are various theories about the source of this sex difference, the reason ...
Male Bias in Distributions of Additive Genetic, Residual, and
... female CVR to examine sexual dimorphism in phenotypic and residual variances. Second, we asked whether means between or among categories of traits or organisms differed in additive genetic variance (see appendix). We used both parametric and nonparametric one-way ANOVAs. When the assumption of norma ...
... female CVR to examine sexual dimorphism in phenotypic and residual variances. Second, we asked whether means between or among categories of traits or organisms differed in additive genetic variance (see appendix). We used both parametric and nonparametric one-way ANOVAs. When the assumption of norma ...
Commentary: Genotype does not determine phenotype
... of genetics, wrote in 1910: ‘When we speak of the transmission of characters from parent to offspring, we are speaking metaphorically; for we now realize that it is not characters that are transmitted to the child from the body of the parent, but that the parent carries over the material common to b ...
... of genetics, wrote in 1910: ‘When we speak of the transmission of characters from parent to offspring, we are speaking metaphorically; for we now realize that it is not characters that are transmitted to the child from the body of the parent, but that the parent carries over the material common to b ...
Trilateral Project WM4 Report on comparative study on Examination
... no experimental data of any kind are provided showing that the presence of disease X could be detected by detecting polymorphism 4-8 and identification of the association between one or more SNPs and a specific trait is not a routine matter for the skilled person. ...
... no experimental data of any kind are provided showing that the presence of disease X could be detected by detecting polymorphism 4-8 and identification of the association between one or more SNPs and a specific trait is not a routine matter for the skilled person. ...
Identification of loci affecting teat number by
... In pigs, nipples are essential for nursing babies during lactation. For a given number of piglets, the sows with more functional teats produce more weaned pigs as compared with those having fewer functional teats. Thereby, teat number is an economically important trait that significantly affects rep ...
... In pigs, nipples are essential for nursing babies during lactation. For a given number of piglets, the sows with more functional teats produce more weaned pigs as compared with those having fewer functional teats. Thereby, teat number is an economically important trait that significantly affects rep ...
Patterns of Heredity and Human Genetics What You’ll Learn
... recessive genotypes among their children would be 1:2:1. Of those genotypes possible for the members of generation II, only the homozygous recessive genotype will express the trait, which is the case for II-3. You can’t tell the genotypes of II-4 and II-5, but they have a normal phenotype. If you lo ...
... recessive genotypes among their children would be 1:2:1. Of those genotypes possible for the members of generation II, only the homozygous recessive genotype will express the trait, which is the case for II-3. You can’t tell the genotypes of II-4 and II-5, but they have a normal phenotype. If you lo ...
Belote, J. m., F. M. Hoffmann, M. McKeown, R. Chorsky, and B. S. Baker. (1990). Cytogenetic analysis of chromosome region 73AD of Drosophila melanlgaster. Genetics 125: 783-793.
... frequency of about 75% (i.e., one-fourth of the zygotes should be lethal/deficiency). Such outcrossing to wild-type strainsgreatlyimproved the hatchingfrequency in both experimental and control crosses, and more consistent results wereobtained among thevarious trials. In addition,by testing the muta ...
... frequency of about 75% (i.e., one-fourth of the zygotes should be lethal/deficiency). Such outcrossing to wild-type strainsgreatlyimproved the hatchingfrequency in both experimental and control crosses, and more consistent results wereobtained among thevarious trials. In addition,by testing the muta ...
Population Genetics A Concise Guide
... short enough for these chunks, I wrote a Minimalist’s Guide to Population Genetics. In this 21page guide I attempted to distill population genetics down to its essence. This guide was, for me, a central canon of the theoretical side of the field. The minimalist approach of the guide has been retaine ...
... short enough for these chunks, I wrote a Minimalist’s Guide to Population Genetics. In this 21page guide I attempted to distill population genetics down to its essence. This guide was, for me, a central canon of the theoretical side of the field. The minimalist approach of the guide has been retaine ...
Mar22-27
... the gene pool. Thus, if the environment changes to a situation that is more favorable to the allele that was being selected against, that allele is still available. •Mutation is the ultimate source of genetic variation. ...
... the gene pool. Thus, if the environment changes to a situation that is more favorable to the allele that was being selected against, that allele is still available. •Mutation is the ultimate source of genetic variation. ...
16 Simple Patterns of Inheritance
... natural laws that govern inheritance. Why did he choose this species? Several properties of the garden pea were particularly advantageous for studying inheritance. First, it was available in many varieties that differed in characteristics, such as the appearance of seeds, pods, flowers, and stems. S ...
... natural laws that govern inheritance. Why did he choose this species? Several properties of the garden pea were particularly advantageous for studying inheritance. First, it was available in many varieties that differed in characteristics, such as the appearance of seeds, pods, flowers, and stems. S ...
Obesity — a genetic disease of adipose tissue?
... Another important lipolysis-regulating protein is hormonesensitive lipase (Langin et al. 1996). Hormone-sensitive lipase is the final rate-limiting step for triglyceride breakdown in fat cells during lipolysis. It is stimulated by catecholamines and inhibited by insulin. As well as in adipose tissue ...
... Another important lipolysis-regulating protein is hormonesensitive lipase (Langin et al. 1996). Hormone-sensitive lipase is the final rate-limiting step for triglyceride breakdown in fat cells during lipolysis. It is stimulated by catecholamines and inhibited by insulin. As well as in adipose tissue ...
Implementation of molecular markers for quantitative traits in
... germplasm lines (Cregan et al. 1999). Therefore, marker alleles tightly linked to the resistance allele in the original mapping populations will also be linked to the resistance allele in other populations derived from the same exotic lines. Resistant progeny lines developed from such crosses will a ...
... germplasm lines (Cregan et al. 1999). Therefore, marker alleles tightly linked to the resistance allele in the original mapping populations will also be linked to the resistance allele in other populations derived from the same exotic lines. Resistant progeny lines developed from such crosses will a ...
Polymorphism (biology)
Polymorphism in biology is said to occur when two or more clearly different phenotypes exist in the same population of a species—in other words, the occurrence of more than one form or morph. In order to be classified as such, morphs must occupy the same habitat at the same time and belong to a panmictic population (one with random mating).Polymorphism as described here involves morphs of the phenotype. The term is also used somewhat differently by molecular biologists to describe certain point mutations in the genotype, such as SNPs (see also RFLPs). This usage is not discussed in this article.Polymorphism is common in nature; it is related to biodiversity, genetic variation and adaptation; it usually functions to retain variety of form in a population living in a varied environment. The most common example is sexual dimorphism, which occurs in many organisms. Other examples are mimetic forms of butterflies (see mimicry), and human hemoglobin and blood types.According to the theory of evolution, polymorphism results from evolutionary processes, as does any aspect of a species. It is heritable and is modified by natural selection. In polyphenism, an individual's genetic make-up allows for different morphs, and the switch mechanism that determines which morph is shown is environmental. In genetic polymorphism, the genetic make-up determines the morph. Ants exhibit both types in a single population.Polymorphism also refers to the occurrence of structurally and functionally more than two different types of individuals, called zooids within the same organism. It is a characteristic feature of Cnidarians.For example, in Obelia there are feeding individuals, the gastrozooids; the individuals capable of asexual reproduction only, the gonozooids, blastostyles and free-living or sexually reproducing individuals, the medusae.