Impact of Tandem Repeats on the Scaling of Nucleotide Sequences
... themselves as tandem repeats. Such repeats are usually approximate repeats adjacent to each other and include microsatellites, minisatellites, CpG islands, and telomeric repeats [Dogett et al., 1992; Toth et al., 2000]. Classical techniques such a Fourier analysis have been used to identify short-te ...
... themselves as tandem repeats. Such repeats are usually approximate repeats adjacent to each other and include microsatellites, minisatellites, CpG islands, and telomeric repeats [Dogett et al., 1992; Toth et al., 2000]. Classical techniques such a Fourier analysis have been used to identify short-te ...
X inactivation Xplained
... out of synchrony with other chromosomes either early in S-phase in preimplantation embryos and late in S-phase in embryonic cells after implantation [6]. This highlights a spatial and temporal separation of the facultative heterochromatin of the Xi. Deletion of the Xist gene has been shown to result ...
... out of synchrony with other chromosomes either early in S-phase in preimplantation embryos and late in S-phase in embryonic cells after implantation [6]. This highlights a spatial and temporal separation of the facultative heterochromatin of the Xi. Deletion of the Xist gene has been shown to result ...
BROWSING GENES AND GENOMES WITH ENSEMBL
... (c) Have a look at the external references for ENST00000218099. What is the function of F9? (d) Is it possible to monitor expression of ENST00000218099 with the ILLUMINA HumanWG_6_V2 microarray? If so, can it also be used to monitor expression of the other two transcripts? (e) In which part (i.e. th ...
... (c) Have a look at the external references for ENST00000218099. What is the function of F9? (d) Is it possible to monitor expression of ENST00000218099 with the ILLUMINA HumanWG_6_V2 microarray? If so, can it also be used to monitor expression of the other two transcripts? (e) In which part (i.e. th ...
Methods of screening for bioactive agents using cells transformed
... draWbacks. First, the presence of viral promoters at the 5‘ long terminal repeats (LTR) may result in mobiliZation or rescue of an integrated provirus by endogenous retroviruses or upon infection With retroviral vectors that express viral ...
... draWbacks. First, the presence of viral promoters at the 5‘ long terminal repeats (LTR) may result in mobiliZation or rescue of an integrated provirus by endogenous retroviruses or upon infection With retroviral vectors that express viral ...
Attribute Reference Sheet
... Score attributes give rise to columns with the same name as the score column in the patch attribute and are calculated as weighted averages of the patch regions overlapping with the region specified in the input dataset. Weighting is performed according to the length of overlap. Class attributes giv ...
... Score attributes give rise to columns with the same name as the score column in the patch attribute and are calculated as weighted averages of the patch regions overlapping with the region specified in the input dataset. Weighting is performed according to the length of overlap. Class attributes giv ...
splice sites at the termini generating a novel intron from a dSpm
... are inserted into the A2 protein. The functionality of this modified protein was directly confirmed by transient expression studies. The evolutionary implications of these findings are discussed. ...
... are inserted into the A2 protein. The functionality of this modified protein was directly confirmed by transient expression studies. The evolutionary implications of these findings are discussed. ...
Deletion loops in polytene chromosomes
... Nonautonomous elements – need activity of nondeleted copies of same TE for movement Autonomous elements – move by themselves ...
... Nonautonomous elements – need activity of nondeleted copies of same TE for movement Autonomous elements – move by themselves ...
Analysis of Tetrads from the yeast Saccaromyces
... Analysis of Tetrads from the yeast Saccaromyces cerevisiae When normally haploid yeast cells of two different mating types encounter each other, they fuse to form a diploid zygote (this constitutes a cross), which immediately undergoes meiosis to regenerate four individual haploid spores – a tetrad ...
... Analysis of Tetrads from the yeast Saccaromyces cerevisiae When normally haploid yeast cells of two different mating types encounter each other, they fuse to form a diploid zygote (this constitutes a cross), which immediately undergoes meiosis to regenerate four individual haploid spores – a tetrad ...
Divergent evolution of oxidosqualene cyclases in plants
... OSC genes (Inagaki et al., 2011). One of these (Os02g04710 ⁄ OsOSC2) encodes cycloartenol synthase (CS), while a further two (Os11g08569 ⁄ OsOSC7 and Os11g18194 ⁄ OsOSC8) have been shown to synthesize the triterpenes, parkeol and achilleol B, respectively, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae GIL77 (Ito et a ...
... OSC genes (Inagaki et al., 2011). One of these (Os02g04710 ⁄ OsOSC2) encodes cycloartenol synthase (CS), while a further two (Os11g08569 ⁄ OsOSC7 and Os11g18194 ⁄ OsOSC8) have been shown to synthesize the triterpenes, parkeol and achilleol B, respectively, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae GIL77 (Ito et a ...
here
... Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2007 Jun 5;144B(4):492-5. Association of the neuropilin-2 (NRP2) gene polymorphisms with autism in Chinese Han population. Wu S, Yue W, Jia M, Ruan Y, Lu T, Gong X, Shuang M, Liu J, Yang X, Zhang D. Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. ...
... Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2007 Jun 5;144B(4):492-5. Association of the neuropilin-2 (NRP2) gene polymorphisms with autism in Chinese Han population. Wu S, Yue W, Jia M, Ruan Y, Lu T, Gong X, Shuang M, Liu J, Yang X, Zhang D. Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. ...
Divergent evolution of oxidosqualene cyclases in plants
... OSC genes (Inagaki et al., 2011). One of these (Os02g04710 ⁄ OsOSC2) encodes cycloartenol synthase (CS), while a further two (Os11g08569 ⁄ OsOSC7 and Os11g18194 ⁄ OsOSC8) have been shown to synthesize the triterpenes, parkeol and achilleol B, respectively, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae GIL77 (Ito et a ...
... OSC genes (Inagaki et al., 2011). One of these (Os02g04710 ⁄ OsOSC2) encodes cycloartenol synthase (CS), while a further two (Os11g08569 ⁄ OsOSC7 and Os11g18194 ⁄ OsOSC8) have been shown to synthesize the triterpenes, parkeol and achilleol B, respectively, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae GIL77 (Ito et a ...
A forkhead-domain gene is mutated in a severe speech and
... Individuals affected with developmental disorders of speech and language have substantial difficulty acquiring expressive and/or receptive language in the absence of any profound sensory or neurological impairment and despite adequate intelligence and opportunity1. Although studies of twins consiste ...
... Individuals affected with developmental disorders of speech and language have substantial difficulty acquiring expressive and/or receptive language in the absence of any profound sensory or neurological impairment and despite adequate intelligence and opportunity1. Although studies of twins consiste ...
Hyper-eccentric structural genes in the mitochondrial genome of the
... structural genes still remain to be understood. Since the gene fragmentation pattern is generally conserved among the diplonemid species studied to date, it was considered that their structural complexity has plateaued and further gene fragmentation could not occur. Here, we show the mitochondrial g ...
... structural genes still remain to be understood. Since the gene fragmentation pattern is generally conserved among the diplonemid species studied to date, it was considered that their structural complexity has plateaued and further gene fragmentation could not occur. Here, we show the mitochondrial g ...
important update on the status of curly calf syndrome
... to compare it to how a black Angus cow and a black Angus bull can produce a red calf. A dominant trait masks a recessive trait, so in the Angus world, black (dominant) masks red (recessive). What you see when you look at the animal is the “phenotype” – the physical characteristics – in our example t ...
... to compare it to how a black Angus cow and a black Angus bull can produce a red calf. A dominant trait masks a recessive trait, so in the Angus world, black (dominant) masks red (recessive). What you see when you look at the animal is the “phenotype” – the physical characteristics – in our example t ...
Globin gene family
... Concept 21.4: Multicellular eukaryotes have much noncoding DNA and many multigene families • The bulk of most eukaryotic genomes consists of noncoding DNA sequences, often described in the past as “junk DNA” • Much evidence indicates that noncoding DNA plays important roles in the cell • For exampl ...
... Concept 21.4: Multicellular eukaryotes have much noncoding DNA and many multigene families • The bulk of most eukaryotic genomes consists of noncoding DNA sequences, often described in the past as “junk DNA” • Much evidence indicates that noncoding DNA plays important roles in the cell • For exampl ...
Revealing the genetic roots of obesity and type 2 diabetes
... Until recently, the progress in searching for genetic variants that predispose to type 2 diabetes was rather slow. Only the P12A variant of PPARG and the E23K variant in the KCNJ11 gene had been associated – and confirmed – with this disease in various large-scale studies performed in different popu ...
... Until recently, the progress in searching for genetic variants that predispose to type 2 diabetes was rather slow. Only the P12A variant of PPARG and the E23K variant in the KCNJ11 gene had been associated – and confirmed – with this disease in various large-scale studies performed in different popu ...
Chapter 1. Fundamental Properties of Genes
... In 1902, Sutton and Boveri independently realized that the behavior of genes in Mendelian crosses mimics the movement of chromosomes during meiosis and fertilization. They surmised that the two alleles of each gene correlated with the homologous pair of chromosomes. The equal segregation of alleles ...
... In 1902, Sutton and Boveri independently realized that the behavior of genes in Mendelian crosses mimics the movement of chromosomes during meiosis and fertilization. They surmised that the two alleles of each gene correlated with the homologous pair of chromosomes. The equal segregation of alleles ...
Biosynthesis of heme in mammals
... In contrast to ALAS, there is only a single ALAD gene in humans, located on chromosome 9q34 [32], which consists of two alternatively spliced non-coding exons (1A and 1B) and eleven coding exons (Fig. 4) [33]. The translational start site (ATG) is located in exon 2. A “housekeeping” promoter is loca ...
... In contrast to ALAS, there is only a single ALAD gene in humans, located on chromosome 9q34 [32], which consists of two alternatively spliced non-coding exons (1A and 1B) and eleven coding exons (Fig. 4) [33]. The translational start site (ATG) is located in exon 2. A “housekeeping” promoter is loca ...
Transcribed Ultra Conserved Regions real-time
... Transcribed Ultra Conserved Regions (T-UCRs) represent a group 481 highly conserved sequences in vertebrates that are transcribed into RNA. Very little is known about their mechanism of action, but their exact conservation over millions of years of evolutionary time suggests an important regulatory ...
... Transcribed Ultra Conserved Regions (T-UCRs) represent a group 481 highly conserved sequences in vertebrates that are transcribed into RNA. Very little is known about their mechanism of action, but their exact conservation over millions of years of evolutionary time suggests an important regulatory ...
Genomic data mining
... Functions available allow extraction of identifiers from different sources including Ensembl IDs, several microarray platforms, UniProt, RefSeq [21], and EntrezGene [22]. Genome sequences can be retrieved by specific chromosomal coordinates for a given species, allowing a user to mine regions they d ...
... Functions available allow extraction of identifiers from different sources including Ensembl IDs, several microarray platforms, UniProt, RefSeq [21], and EntrezGene [22]. Genome sequences can be retrieved by specific chromosomal coordinates for a given species, allowing a user to mine regions they d ...
Statistical Analysis of Gene Expression Data (A Large Number of
... First step of making a story: Statistical significance of a particular "Functional cluster" •Suppose we have analyzed total of N genes, n of which turned out to be differentially expressed/co-expressed (experimentally identified - call them significant) - form the Cluster 1 •Suppose that y out of N ...
... First step of making a story: Statistical significance of a particular "Functional cluster" •Suppose we have analyzed total of N genes, n of which turned out to be differentially expressed/co-expressed (experimentally identified - call them significant) - form the Cluster 1 •Suppose that y out of N ...
Altering gene expression by aminocoumarins: the role of DNA
... operons: the recF-gyrB-gyrA operon is upregulated, whereas the expression of arlRS and recA is inhibited. These effects are most likely due to alterations in the level of supercoiling due to inhibition of the GyrB ATPase activity. ...
... operons: the recF-gyrB-gyrA operon is upregulated, whereas the expression of arlRS and recA is inhibited. These effects are most likely due to alterations in the level of supercoiling due to inhibition of the GyrB ATPase activity. ...
Functional and Evolutionary Analysis of Flowering Time Genes in
... evidence is rapidly accumulating. In the neutral view, genes are accumulating mutations at a steady pace. If a site has a selective value harmful mutations will be selected against (purifying, or negative, selection), and beneficial mutations will be fixed (positive selection). The result is that mo ...
... evidence is rapidly accumulating. In the neutral view, genes are accumulating mutations at a steady pace. If a site has a selective value harmful mutations will be selected against (purifying, or negative, selection), and beneficial mutations will be fixed (positive selection). The result is that mo ...
DNA behind colors here - American Shetland Sheepdog Association
... is a sequence of dominance. Sable is dominant over tricolor and bicolor. Tricolor is recessive to sable and dominant over bicolor. Bicolor black is recessive to both sable and tricolor. Co-dominant or Incompletely Dominant alleles are those in which the heterozygous condition is visibly different fr ...
... is a sequence of dominance. Sable is dominant over tricolor and bicolor. Tricolor is recessive to sable and dominant over bicolor. Bicolor black is recessive to both sable and tricolor. Co-dominant or Incompletely Dominant alleles are those in which the heterozygous condition is visibly different fr ...