ch 16 notes mader
... 4. Neither dominance nor sexual reproduction changes allele frequencies. 5. The Hardy-Weinberg principle a. This principle states an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool (using a formula p2 + 2pq + q2) remains in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population i ...
... 4. Neither dominance nor sexual reproduction changes allele frequencies. 5. The Hardy-Weinberg principle a. This principle states an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool (using a formula p2 + 2pq + q2) remains in effect in each succeeding generation of a sexually reproducing population i ...
Notes 1 Ch 23 Evolution_Pop
... the United States, gene flow was observed between a white European population and a black West African population, which were recently brought together. In West Africa, where malaria is prevalent, the Duffy antigen provides some resistance to the disease, and this allele is thus present in nearly al ...
... the United States, gene flow was observed between a white European population and a black West African population, which were recently brought together. In West Africa, where malaria is prevalent, the Duffy antigen provides some resistance to the disease, and this allele is thus present in nearly al ...
population
... • Mutation rates are low in animals and plants. • The average is about one mutation in every 100,000 genes per generation. • Mutations are more rapid in microorganisms. ...
... • Mutation rates are low in animals and plants. • The average is about one mutation in every 100,000 genes per generation. • Mutations are more rapid in microorganisms. ...
Natural Selection
... entire collection of alleles for a given trait throughout a given population. • The word for all genes for all traits in an individual or population is genome. ...
... entire collection of alleles for a given trait throughout a given population. • The word for all genes for all traits in an individual or population is genome. ...
Mader/Biology, 11/e – Chapter Outline
... The gene pool is the total of all the alleles in a population; it is described in terms of gene frequencies. The allele frequency is the proportion of each allele in a population’s gene pool. The Hardy-Weinberg principle states an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool (using a formula p2 ...
... The gene pool is the total of all the alleles in a population; it is described in terms of gene frequencies. The allele frequency is the proportion of each allele in a population’s gene pool. The Hardy-Weinberg principle states an equilibrium of allele frequencies in a gene pool (using a formula p2 ...
Natural selection
... In the Galápagos Islands he observed that species were similar to, but not the same as, species on the mainland of South America. He also realized that species varied from island to island. • This variation due to isolation from mainland and changes that occurred • He wondered what the mechanism for ...
... In the Galápagos Islands he observed that species were similar to, but not the same as, species on the mainland of South America. He also realized that species varied from island to island. • This variation due to isolation from mainland and changes that occurred • He wondered what the mechanism for ...
lecture 8 notes
... Genetic drift: random change in allele frequencies due to finite population size • Often called “sampling error” but it is not an experimental error • The process of producing offspring IS a random sampling process • The smaller the population, the more strongly it is affected by drift ...
... Genetic drift: random change in allele frequencies due to finite population size • Often called “sampling error” but it is not an experimental error • The process of producing offspring IS a random sampling process • The smaller the population, the more strongly it is affected by drift ...
Genetic Drift
... Genetic drift: random change in allele frequencies due to finite population size • Often called “sampling error” but it is not an experimental error • The process of producing offspring IS a random sampling process • The smaller the population, the more strongly it is affected by drift ...
... Genetic drift: random change in allele frequencies due to finite population size • Often called “sampling error” but it is not an experimental error • The process of producing offspring IS a random sampling process • The smaller the population, the more strongly it is affected by drift ...
1. Explain what is meant by the “modern synthesis”.
... Gene pool the total aggregate of genes in a population at any one time ...
... Gene pool the total aggregate of genes in a population at any one time ...
Natural Selection PPT WS
... Isolating Mechanisms – Genetic differences that prevent breeding between two species (helping to cause speciation). This can happen before or after mating. Pre-mating Examples – mating rituals, behaviors, songs or calls, mating times (seasons) Post-mating examples – hybrids from 2 species mating are ...
... Isolating Mechanisms – Genetic differences that prevent breeding between two species (helping to cause speciation). This can happen before or after mating. Pre-mating Examples – mating rituals, behaviors, songs or calls, mating times (seasons) Post-mating examples – hybrids from 2 species mating are ...
Disruptive selection, also called diversifying selection, is a
... independently of its dominance relative to other alleles (i.e. even if the advantageous allele is recessive, it will eventually become fixed). Well-known instances are the many cases of insect resistance to pesticides, which are synthetic substances not present in the natural environment. When a new ...
... independently of its dominance relative to other alleles (i.e. even if the advantageous allele is recessive, it will eventually become fixed). Well-known instances are the many cases of insect resistance to pesticides, which are synthetic substances not present in the natural environment. When a new ...
chapter 4
... Individuals more suited to environment produce more offspring (contribute more to total gene pool of population) Population’s gene pool changes over time Speciation may occur if geographic and reproductive ...
... Individuals more suited to environment produce more offspring (contribute more to total gene pool of population) Population’s gene pool changes over time Speciation may occur if geographic and reproductive ...
Evolution and Biodiversity
... Individuals more suited to environment produce more offspring (contribute more to total gene pool of population) Population’s gene pool changes over time Speciation may occur if geographic and reproductive ...
... Individuals more suited to environment produce more offspring (contribute more to total gene pool of population) Population’s gene pool changes over time Speciation may occur if geographic and reproductive ...
L111 Exam II, FRIDAY, October 14, Fall Semester of 2005
... 5] The exam consists of 27 questions each question is worth 4 points. 6] Questions number 26 and 27 are BONUS questions. If you answer them correctly, each is worth the equivalent of 1 regular question. If you answer them incorrectly, they will not be counted at all. 7] Exams must be turned in by 9: ...
... 5] The exam consists of 27 questions each question is worth 4 points. 6] Questions number 26 and 27 are BONUS questions. If you answer them correctly, each is worth the equivalent of 1 regular question. If you answer them incorrectly, they will not be counted at all. 7] Exams must be turned in by 9: ...
Genetics Study Notes
... change). Give some examples: Natural selection is where the organisms with a certain trait die off (decreasing that allele frequency) over time, leaving other traits that are more adaptable and allow the organism to survive. For example, a deer with ‘fast’ genes will survive, whilst a deer with ‘slo ...
... change). Give some examples: Natural selection is where the organisms with a certain trait die off (decreasing that allele frequency) over time, leaving other traits that are more adaptable and allow the organism to survive. For example, a deer with ‘fast’ genes will survive, whilst a deer with ‘slo ...
Selection and Adaptation - WFSC 406 | Wildlife Habitat Management
... the observable expression of the genotype. The classic example often used to explain phenotype is the peppered moth. 7. Natural selection is the nonrandom process by which biologic traits become more or less common in a population as a function of differential reproduction. The genetic variation wit ...
... the observable expression of the genotype. The classic example often used to explain phenotype is the peppered moth. 7. Natural selection is the nonrandom process by which biologic traits become more or less common in a population as a function of differential reproduction. The genetic variation wit ...
Slide 1 - Cloudfront.net
... By itself, this type of mutation probably plays only a minor role in evolution; the rates are simply too low. However, gene (and whole genome) duplication — a form of mutation — probably has played a major role in evolution. Link to a discussion. In any case, evolution absolutely depends on mutation ...
... By itself, this type of mutation probably plays only a minor role in evolution; the rates are simply too low. However, gene (and whole genome) duplication — a form of mutation — probably has played a major role in evolution. Link to a discussion. In any case, evolution absolutely depends on mutation ...
Phenotype Genotype and the Environment
... Babies that are too small are not strong enough, but if too large, complications in delivery. ...
... Babies that are too small are not strong enough, but if too large, complications in delivery. ...
Genetic drift
Genetic drift (or allelic drift) is the change in the frequency of a gene variant (allele) in a population due to random sampling of organisms.The alleles in the offspring are a sample of those in the parents, and chance has a role in determining whether a given individual survives and reproduces. A population's allele frequency is the fraction of the copies of one gene that share a particular form. Genetic drift may cause gene variants to disappear completely and thereby reduce genetic variation.When there are few copies of an allele, the effect of genetic drift is larger, and when there are many copies the effect is smaller. In the early twentieth century vigorous debates occurred over the relative importance of natural selection versus neutral processes, including genetic drift. Ronald Fisher, who explained natural selection using Mendelian genetics, held the view that genetic drift plays at the most a minor role in evolution, and this remained the dominant view for several decades. In 1968, Motoo Kimura rekindled the debate with his neutral theory of molecular evolution, which claims that most instances where a genetic change spreads across a population (although not necessarily changes in phenotypes) are caused by genetic drift. There is currently a scientific debate about how much of evolution has been caused by natural selection, and how much by genetic drift.