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Human
Human

... Dominant and Recessive Traits Dominant traits are seen in the phenotype for both Heterozygous (Tt) and Homozygous (TT) genotypes. ...
Goal #2: Punnett Squares
Goal #2: Punnett Squares

Population Genetics - Bibb County Schools
Population Genetics - Bibb County Schools

... The founding of a small population can lead to genetic drift. – It occurs when a few individuals start a new population. – The founder effect is genetic drift that occurs after start of new population. ...
Fitness of Zoo Animals
Fitness of Zoo Animals

... Forces which may cause extinction 1) deterministic - something essential is removed (habitat loss) or something lethal is added (pollutant, disease, introduced species) - presumably we can act to ...
4.3 Samson
4.3 Samson

... corresponding dominant alleles are XB and XH. ...
HEREDITY
HEREDITY

... • Abnormal form of prelamin A is called progerin. Prelamin A is not anchored to the nuclear rim. • Progerin is anchored to the nuclear rim. Normal state of the nucleus. Abnormally shaped nucleus. ...
Agents of Evolutionary Change I. What is Evolution? I. What is
Agents of Evolutionary Change I. What is Evolution? I. What is

... 5. Mutation is the only way new variations can be produced. 6. Since mutation occurs so infrequently at any particular locus, it would rarely have an effect on allele frequencies. 7. Most mutations are "hidden" as recessive alleles. example: About 1 in in 12,000 babies carry the homozygous form of t ...
PHYSpopgenetics
PHYSpopgenetics

... 5. Mutation is the only way new variations can be produced. 6. Since mutation occurs so infrequently at any particular locus, it would rarely have an effect on allele frequencies. 7. Most mutations are "hidden" as recessive alleles. example: About 1 in in 12,000 babies carry the homozygous form of t ...
Introduction to Genetics
Introduction to Genetics

... 1. Some alleles are dominant and some are recessive 2. Those that are dominant express the dominant trait 3. Only one dominant allele needs to be present to have the dominant trait How it Works: 1. Pick a trait (gene) 2. Assign a letter for the dominant allele and capitalize it 3. Use the lower case ...
Agents of Evolutionary Change
Agents of Evolutionary Change

... 5. Mutation is the only way new variations can be produced. 6. Since mutation occurs so infrequently at any particular locus, it would rarely have an effect on allele frequencies. 7. Most mutations are "hidden" as recessive alleles. example: About 1 in in 12,000 babies carry the homozygous form of t ...
File
File

... • Definition- heredity is best described as the manner in which inheritable characteristics (traits) are passed from parents to offspring. • Heredity is a direct outcome of the RANDOM genetic recombination resulting during sexual reproduction. • ***ONLY FUNCTIONS IN SEXUAL REPRODUCTION • ***ENSURES ...
C1. A gene pool is all of the genes present in a particular population
C1. A gene pool is all of the genes present in a particular population

... phenotypic categories. It will lead to a population with a balanced polymorphism for the trait. Stabilizing selection favors individuals with intermediate phenotypes. It will also tend to promote polymorphism, since the favored individuals may be heterozygous for particular alleles. C23. Darwinian f ...
Document
Document

... phenotypic categories. It will lead to a population with a balanced polymorphism for the trait. Stabilizing selection favors individuals with intermediate phenotypes. It will also tend to promote polymorphism, since the favored individuals may be heterozygous for particular alleles. C23. Darwinian f ...
lecture notes ch23evo
lecture notes ch23evo

... is fixed with only one type of allele), eye color would not be a polymorphism in that situation. Polymorphisms are usually controlled by only a few genes (perhaps 1-4). 3) Traits that vary along a continuum (e.g. size, skin complexion), are called quantitative traits. These traits are usually contro ...
Mendelian Genetics - Kentucky Department of Education
Mendelian Genetics - Kentucky Department of Education

... school teacher, and part-time garden keeper • First to propose biological inheritance of traits • Work not recognized until after his death Gregor Mendel ...
6.2 Human Genetic Disorders
6.2 Human Genetic Disorders

... Key Concept: “Today, doctors use tools such as karyotypes to help diagnose genetic disorders. People with genetic disorders are helped through medical care, education, job training, and other methods.” Doctor’s use Punnett squares and pedigrees to help predict whether a child might have a genetic di ...
Technology Review (Cambridge, Mass
Technology Review (Cambridge, Mass

... the location of a gene along a chromosome can be determined. Explain how alleles (which are variable forms of a gene) can arise and how they may be expressed. ■ Describe the basic principles of inheritance discovered by Gregor Mendel, including the concepts of dominant and recessive traits, segregat ...
Ch. 16 Evolution of Populations Name Period ______ 16
Ch. 16 Evolution of Populations Name Period ______ 16

... 7. The frequency of an allele in a gene pool of a population depends on many factors and may be stable or unstable over time. As a basis for understanding this concept: a. Students know why natural selection acts on the phenotype rather than the genotype of an organism. b. Students know why alleles ...
DISRUPTING GENETIC EQUILIBRIUM
DISRUPTING GENETIC EQUILIBRIUM

... Can amplify certain traits and reduce others through sexual selection Sexual Selection - Choose mates based on specific traits and those traits increase in the population ...
MICROEVOLUTION
MICROEVOLUTION

... population dwindles, reduction in allelic diversity with a smaller and smaller population. Founder Effect: small population with a specific and limited gene pool is separated from the main population. ...
Genetics Unit 2 – Transmission Genetics
Genetics Unit 2 – Transmission Genetics

... 1. Multiple alleles – forms through a gene mutation causing multiple alleles in a ___________________, not in an __________________. ...
Genetics Study Guide
Genetics Study Guide

...  Trait: Characteristics that are passed down from parents to offspring.  Allele: Different forms of a gene.  Dominant allele: The allele that is always expressed if it is present. Recessive allele: The allele that is expressed only if the dominant allele is not present.  Punnett Square: A tool u ...
Hardy-Weinberg problems 2015
Hardy-Weinberg problems 2015

... 10. In a large population of Biology instructors, 396 are red-sided individuals and 557 are tan-sided individuals. Assume that red is totally recessive. Calculate the following: A. The allele frequencies of each allele. B. The expected genotype frequencies. C. The number of heterozygous individuals ...
Mendel`s Investigations
Mendel`s Investigations

... plants (same alleles from each parent) B. Most noted for his use of math to make conclusions ...
4 Genetic Diversity
4 Genetic Diversity

... As a result, the number of different alleles is greatly reduced. 9 of 37 ...
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Inbreeding

Inbreeding is the sexual reproduction of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. By analogy, the term is used in human reproduction, but more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and other consequences that may arise from incestuous sexual relationships and consanguinity.Inbreeding results in homozygosity, which can increase the chances of offspring being affected by recessive or deleterious traits. This generally leads to a decreased biological fitness of a population (called inbreeding depression), which is its ability to survive and reproduce. An individual who inherits such deleterious traits is referred to as inbred. The avoidance of such deleterious recessive alleles caused by inbreeding, via inbreeding avoidance mechanisms, is the main selective reason for outcrossing. Crossbreeding between populations also often has positive effects on fitness-related traits.Inbreeding is a technique used in selective breeding. In livestock breeding, breeders may use inbreeding when, for example, trying to establish a new and desirable trait in the stock, but will need to watch for undesirable characteristics in offspring, which can then be eliminated through further selective breeding or culling. Inbreeding is used to reveal deleterious recessive alleles, which can then be eliminated through assortative breeding or through culling. In plant breeding, inbred lines are used as stocks for the creation of hybrid lines to make use of the effects of heterosis. Inbreeding in plants also occurs naturally in the form of self-pollination.
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