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Population Genetics
Population Genetics

... • Disassortative mating - If individuals prefer to mate with other individuals with different genotypes, then this may lead to a surplus of ...
How does natural selection change allele frequencies?
How does natural selection change allele frequencies?

... A general model of selection for two alleles (no mutation, no drift) Let p be the frequency of allele A1 in the current generation [q = 1-p =freq(A2)]. Let p’ be its frequency next generation. Assume that the population mates at random with respect to genotypes at the ...
Teacher Guide - Cleveland Museum of Natural History
Teacher Guide - Cleveland Museum of Natural History

... Genes are sections of DNA that code for proteins. Proteins then combine to make traits that we can observe. Like many organisms, humans have two copies of DNA molecules in their cells. One copy comes from the male parent, and one copy comes from the female parent. There can be many different version ...
Single-Gene and Polygenic Traits
Single-Gene and Polygenic Traits

... increase the number of _________________ created in each generation. ...
Class Agenda Week of 8-13 Oct 2007
Class Agenda Week of 8-13 Oct 2007

... possible allelic combinations that could be found in gametes produced by the meiotic division of this cell are ____. 6. Suppose an animal is heterozygous AaBbCc, and the traits are not linked. When meiosis occurs, what is the total number of possible combinations of gametes that can be made for thes ...
meiosis_6
meiosis_6

... Interaction between alleles for different genes It is possible for different genes at different loci to interact to affect the phenotype. This can work in two ways ...
How are Traits Passed from Parents to Offspring
How are Traits Passed from Parents to Offspring

... 1. Click the video button. Watch the video about Punnett Squares. Write your observations. 2. Select a trait from the list of six traits (eyes, ears, nose, mouth, fur, and feet). 3. Fill in the data table information requested—allele type 1, allele type 2, and genetic cross. 4. Fill in the Punnett s ...
Intro to Genetics
Intro to Genetics

... combinations of the two traits  Mendel used seed shape and seed color for one of his dihybrid crosses ...
Practise Midterm Exam
Practise Midterm Exam

... with a ggWw individual what would be your expected phenotype ratio A ...
Genetics Homework Answers
Genetics Homework Answers

Evolution of Populations CH 17 student version
Evolution of Populations CH 17 student version

... A widow’s peak is an example of a single gene trait. There is one gene with two alleles for this trait, one allele for the trait (W) and one for not having the trait (w). Complete the Punnet Square you can determine the frequency of the phenotypes. If you are not familiar with Punnet Squares refer t ...
Presentation
Presentation

... • Each characteristic is controlled by a pair of alleles, one dominant and the other recessive: F – purple flowers, dominant f – white flowers, recessive T – tall plants, dominant t – dwarf plants, recessive • Each gene is located on a different type of ...
4-30 Genetics
4-30 Genetics

... marries a normal female, which of the following predictions concerning their potential progeny would be true? (A) All of their sons would inherit the disease. (B) All of their daughters would inherit the disease. (C) About 50% of their sons would inherit the disease. (D) About 50% of their daughters ...
Population Genetics:
Population Genetics:

... the next generation, we would next draw from a bowl that had 70% white and 30 % black beans, rather than the 50:50 split we started with. Then it would not be surprising if we happened to get 6:4 or 8:2 in the next draw. If we follow the same procedure over several generations, we will end up at "fi ...
evolution/population genetics
evolution/population genetics

... • The frequencies of the two possible phenotypes if "A" is completely dominant over "a." Answers: Because "A" is totally dominate over "a", the dominant phenotype will show if either the homozygous "AA" or heterozygous "Aa" genotypes occur. The recessive phenotype is controlled by the homozygous aa ...
Basic Genetics
Basic Genetics

... expressed as long as one dominant allele is present (R) ▪ Recessive – trait is only expressed when there are two copies of the recessive allele (r) ...
Genetics - The Basics
Genetics - The Basics

... Principle of Segregation He performed multiple tests with the same plants and found that for the F2 generation he continued to get the same 3:1 ratio (75 % round to 25% wrinkled) To explain this, Mendel stated that each seed had 2 copies (alleles) of each gene that can be the same or different A ro ...
Genes and Traits
Genes and Traits

...  Genetics is the study of how traits ...
Solving Linkage Problems
Solving Linkage Problems

Mendel`s Peas
Mendel`s Peas

... 1. Different forms of a gene. 2. An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present 3. An organism that always produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parent 4. An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present. 5. The passing of traits from par ...
CHAPTER 11 MENDELIAN PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE
CHAPTER 11 MENDELIAN PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE

... a. A larger Punnett square is used to calculate probable results of this cross. b. A phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1 is expected when heterozygotes for two traits are crossed and simple dominance is present for both genes. c. Independent assortment during meiosis explains these results. D. Two-Trait Tes ...
Intensity-Dependent Normalization
Intensity-Dependent Normalization

File
File

... - different genotypes and environmental influences result in different phenotypes that are acted on by natural selection ● Larger genomes = greater potential genetic diversity ● Greater number of different alleles = greater genetic diversity
 - sexual reproduction: recombination of parent alleles ● ...
Reproduction Essay Questions 1. The success of most organisms
Reproduction Essay Questions 1. The success of most organisms

... a. Using THREE difference organisms, give an example of one organism that reproduces sexually, one that reproduces asexually, and one that reproduces BOTH sexually and asexually. For each organism given as an example, describe two reproductive adaptations. These adaptations may be behavioral, struct ...
Study Guide - Effingham County Schools
Study Guide - Effingham County Schools

... Mutations and Genetic Engineering 1. __________________ changes in the DNA sequence that affect genetic information. 2. What is a point mutation? __________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. What is a frame shift mutation? ___________________________ ...
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Inbreeding

Inbreeding is the sexual reproduction of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. By analogy, the term is used in human reproduction, but more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and other consequences that may arise from incestuous sexual relationships and consanguinity.Inbreeding results in homozygosity, which can increase the chances of offspring being affected by recessive or deleterious traits. This generally leads to a decreased biological fitness of a population (called inbreeding depression), which is its ability to survive and reproduce. An individual who inherits such deleterious traits is referred to as inbred. The avoidance of such deleterious recessive alleles caused by inbreeding, via inbreeding avoidance mechanisms, is the main selective reason for outcrossing. Crossbreeding between populations also often has positive effects on fitness-related traits.Inbreeding is a technique used in selective breeding. In livestock breeding, breeders may use inbreeding when, for example, trying to establish a new and desirable trait in the stock, but will need to watch for undesirable characteristics in offspring, which can then be eliminated through further selective breeding or culling. Inbreeding is used to reveal deleterious recessive alleles, which can then be eliminated through assortative breeding or through culling. In plant breeding, inbred lines are used as stocks for the creation of hybrid lines to make use of the effects of heterosis. Inbreeding in plants also occurs naturally in the form of self-pollination.
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