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use of theses - ANU Repository
use of theses - ANU Repository

... and Inferior; Thrace was made an imperial province; and GalatiaCappadocia was again separated into two imperial provinces. Imperial provinces, always with the exception of Egypt, were invariably at this time governed by legati Augusti pro praetore, and it is tempting to see in this creation of three ...
Hadrian`s Second Jewish Revolt
Hadrian`s Second Jewish Revolt

... origins of the Second Jewish revolt remains a crucial and widely-disputed issue; moreover, the question as to what led to the revolt is an important one since the relatively peaceful internal development of Judaism in the period following the first Jewish revolt until the outbreak of the second, pro ...
Commodus
Commodus

... • He ruled with Lucius Verus, until his death in 169A.D. • He was one of the last five emperor’s, and is also considered one of the most important Stoic philosophers. ...
EASTERN RELIGIOUS INFLUENCES IN THE IMPERIAL ROMAN
EASTERN RELIGIOUS INFLUENCES IN THE IMPERIAL ROMAN

... praetoriae; the urban cohorts, or urbaniciani; and the Vigiles.1 The role of the Praetorian cohorts was to serve as an imperial guard and safeguard Rome, in times of both peace and war. These elite soldiers were the best of their kind, who played an important role in public life, politics, and in ma ...
Metformin Toxicity
Metformin Toxicity

Antoninus
Antoninus

... 86 at Lanuvium (ca. 20 miles south of Rome). His family had long before come from the city of Nemausus (Nïmes) in southern Gaul, but for a long time since they had been a prominent and distinguished family at Rome. Antoninus' father, Titus Aurelius Fulvus, had held the office of consul once in AD 89 ...
Augustus and the Equites: Developing Rome`s Middle Class
Augustus and the Equites: Developing Rome`s Middle Class

... plebeians. These were the laborers of Rome, those who did not have a true political voice. On the other end of the hierarchical scale were the elites, known as the senatorial class. This group was the main political body in Rome, which had a vote in the most important decisions. Although there were ...
Legal Profession in Ancient Imperial Rome
Legal Profession in Ancient Imperial Rome

... assigned to trained lawyers. The same held true, though to a lesser extent, for the Senatorial magistracies, such as the consulship, the praetorship, the aedileship, the tribuneship, the quaestorship and the governorships in Senatorial provinces.3 Also, before being admitted to the higher mag3 Emper ...
Abstract That the emperor Hadrian was a Philhellene
Abstract That the emperor Hadrian was a Philhellene

... praetorian prefect, but the incident continued to blight his reputation in Rome throughout his reign.4 It would be wrong however to consider Hadrian as an emperor who attempted to control and appease the empire solely by means of architecture and religion. Hadrian was an experienced military co ...
The Flavian Invasions
The Flavian Invasions

... In the 5th season there was indecision. Titus had died and Domitian was the new Emperor, his policy unknown. It seems likely that Domitian and Agricola considered advancing west across the sea from the Clyde into Ireland but opted instead for further conquest and glory by advancing north of the Fort ...
From Princeps to Emperor
From Princeps to Emperor

... flying
into
the
forest,
he
ordered
the
army
to
follow
them
and
attack.

The
Romans
 subsequently
won
a
sound
victory.
 Germanicus
was
not,
however,
an
extraordinary
military
leader;
in
fact,
he
often
put
 his
armies
in
unnecessary
danger.

The
experienced
German
commander
Arminius
lured
 Germanicus
 ...
Declining Marital and Birth Rates in the Roman Empire.
Declining Marital and Birth Rates in the Roman Empire.

... lative power too far.5 Similarly, Karl Galinsky argues the legislation grossly invaded an individual’s privacy and autonomy.6 The emperor intruded into individual lives by making personal choices a public offense. Previous scholarship investigated the reproductive reforms through the lens of demogra ...
Early Diadems Alexander`s Diadem
Early Diadems Alexander`s Diadem

... clothes. Either way, he reigned only a few years before his exasperated bodyguards killed him. In fact, it wasn’t until 284 AD that the diadem was tolerated as part of the emperor’s official regalia. By this time, the republican façade had shattered, and constitutional reforms had openly shifted tot ...
Pontius Pilate and the Imperial Cult in Roman Judaea
Pontius Pilate and the Imperial Cult in Roman Judaea

... mourning (Cassius Dio Hist. Rom. LVIII.2; Tacitus Ann. V.1) since, unlike her husband, she herself did not officially become a diva until the reign of Claudius, in 41 ce. The coin would then be commemorative. In addition, it is interesting to note that Livia had been designated as priestess of the i ...
Augustus, Justinian, and the Artistic Transformation of the Roman
Augustus, Justinian, and the Artistic Transformation of the Roman

... From its foundation under Augustus until its final death at the hands of the Ottoman Turks, the office of Imperator Romanorum appeared in a myriad of shapes and forms. However, during its 1500 year life span the office never changed so much as it did between those signal years linking the first and ...
OATHS OF ALLEGIANCE TO CAESAR B.F. Harris The ancients
OATHS OF ALLEGIANCE TO CAESAR B.F. Harris The ancients

... With the coniuratio we are but a short step from the imperial oaths of allegiance, and it is natural to conclude that its terms, which have not sur­ vived, were very similar to those discussed below.9 In all provinces after Ac­ tium the legionary recruit took the sacramentum to him personally, whose ...
Caligula: Madness or Genius?
Caligula: Madness or Genius?

... Caligula: Madness or Genius? The Roman Empire was almost seventy years old and at the age of 25, the third emperor of Rome had taken power. Caligula was a direct descendent of Augustus, Rome’s first true emperor. His first act as emperor was to declare forgiveness for all Roman citizens who were imp ...
Septimius Severus (193–211 AD): Founder of the Severan Dynasty
Septimius Severus (193–211 AD): Founder of the Severan Dynasty

... currency to offset the cost. He decreased the silver content in coins and added less valuable metals like bronze or copper. This meant that he could mint more coins with the same amount of silver, but each of those coins quickly became less valuable, causing inflation. No Roman emperor since Nero ha ...
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius

... Syria, it was emperor Verus who left for the east in order to lead the campaign. And yet, as Verus spent most of his time pursuing his pleasures at Antioch, leadership of the campaign was left in the hands of the Roman generals, and - to some degree - even in the hands of Marcus Aurelius back in Rom ...
Augustus and the Julio-Claudian Emperors of Rome
Augustus and the Julio-Claudian Emperors of Rome

... He could simply have divorced Octavia, but, instead, he charges her with adultery (hypocrite and liar), has her executed…and gives her severed had to Poppaea Sabina as a present. ...
How to Collect Ancient Roman Coins
How to Collect Ancient Roman Coins

... • An updated glossary Most collectors choose to begin with Roman Imperial coins. One of the wonderful features of Imperial coins is that they bear the portraits of the emperors who issued them over 1,500 years ago. In fact, some rulers are only known to us today because of their portrait coins, and ...
Molding Minds: The Roman Use of the Cuirassed Statue in Defining
Molding Minds: The Roman Use of the Cuirassed Statue in Defining

... originally of this deity or of an important mortal.2 On the breastplate itself the musculature of the human torso was often imitated to a flattering decree (i.e. large pectorals, chiseled abdominal muscles, etc.).3 Such glamorization adheres to the nature of idealization in ancient sculpture. Tradit ...
How to Collect Ancient Roman Coins
How to Collect Ancient Roman Coins

... • An updated glossary Most collectors choose to begin with Roman Imperial coins. One of the wonderful features of Imperial coins is that they bear the portraits of the emperors who issued them over 1,500 years ago. In fact, some rulers are only known to us today because of their portrait coins, and ...
L. Verginius Rufus, 14
L. Verginius Rufus, 14

... The historians of the age of Roman emperor Vespasian praised Verginius. Having three times been raised to the dignity of consul, it seemed as if Providence had purposely preserved him to these times so that he might read poems composed in his honor, histories of his achievements, and was himself wit ...
File
File

... of the capital.[[19]] Courtiers included family members and freedmen, as well as friends (amici), a group of politicians, generals, and praetorian prefects who offered input on important matters.[[20]] Reliance upon amici was not new, yet the arrangement underscored Domitian's mistrust of the aristo ...
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Dominate

The Dominate or late Roman Empire was the ""despotic"" later phase of government, following the earlier period known as the ""Principate"", in the ancient Roman Empire. It may be considered to begin with the beginning of the reign of Diocletian in 284 after the Third Century Crisis of 235–284, and to end with the collapse of the Western Empire in AD 476, or with the reign of Justinian I (527 to 565) or of Heraclius (610 to 641). In the Eastern half of the Empire, and especially from the time of Justinian I, the system of the Dominate evolved into autocratic absolutism.The term is derived from the Latin dominus, which translates in English to lord or master. This form of address—already used by slaves to address their masters—was used for emperors from the Julio-Claudian (first) dynasty on, but inconsistently – Tiberius in particular is said to have reviled it as sycophancy. It became common under Diocletian, who is therefore a logical choice as the first ruler of the ""early"" dominate, since he dropped the earlier titles of Imperator Caesar for the new ones of Dominus Noster. Historian David Potter describes the transformation of government under Diocletian when describing the shifts in imagery the Emperor used to display his power (in this case the building of a huge new palace at Sirmium): The style of Government so memorably described by Marcus, whereby the emperor sought to show himself as a model of correct aristocratic deportment, had given way to a style in which the emperor was seen to be distinct from all other mortals. His house could no longer be a grander version of houses that other people might live in: it, like him, had to be different.In contrast to the situation in the Principate however, emperors in the Dominate could not be deified as it was, excepting the two initial decades, the Christian period of the Roman Empire.
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