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paraganglioma Displacing IVC: a Surgical Challenge
paraganglioma Displacing IVC: a Surgical Challenge

... special attention owing to a fragile and ill-defined capsule, which can make dissection challenging. In addition, excessive manipulation should be avoided to prevent intraoperative hypertension, which may occur despite alpha and beta blockade. A thorough understanding of the anatomy, careful dissect ...
Acute sinusitis
Acute sinusitis

... Discharge in MM/ SM as on anterior/posterior rhinoscopy Postural test Transillumination test Signs of complications ...
Anatomy of the Digestive System
Anatomy of the Digestive System

... pieces. This is important because it allows digestive enzymes to act on the fat molecules. B. Bile contains bicarbonate ions, which neutralize acid from the stomach. It is necessary to raise pH in the small intestine so that enzymes from the pancreas and the wall of the digestive tract can function ...
Common Bile Duct
Common Bile Duct

... the right and left hepatic ducts. Two hepatic ducts join together to form the common hepatic duct. The latter is joined by the cystic duct, the duct of gallbladder, to form the common bile duct. The common bile duct is joined by the main pancreatic duct before the two open together into the duodenum ...
Liver, biliary system, pancreas and spleen - iiNet
Liver, biliary system, pancreas and spleen - iiNet

... Liver, gallbladder and pancreas develop from endodermal diverticulae that bud from the duodenum in the 4th to 6th weeks Liver sprouts first and expands in ventral mesentery Cystic diverticulum also in ventral mesentery Pancreas arises from a dorsal and ventral bud. Ventral pancreatic bud migrates po ...
the portal vein
the portal vein

... VII, posterior superior; VIII, anterior superior. Although a variety of definitions have been used to describe the anatomy of the liver segments, the most widely accepted clinical nomenclature is that described by Couinaud (1957), and Healey and Schroy (1953). The internal architecture of the liver ...
Right Flank Exploratory Laparotomy
Right Flank Exploratory Laparotomy

... Methodology; ...
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...  The hepatic blood vessels enter the liver at the porta hepatis  The gallbladder rests in a recess on the inferior surface of the right lobe  Bile leaves the liver via ...
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presentation source

... Anterior leads - 2, 3, 4 - Area supplied by anterior descending artery - No abnormalities ...
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Investigation of the abdomen
Investigation of the abdomen

... – May be visible normally in very thin people, otherwise is a sign of intestinal obstruction. ...
Summary of valvular heart disease
Summary of valvular heart disease

... • Early elective surgery is indicated in the very rare asymptomatic patients with depressed LV function that is not due to other causes or in those with an abnormal exercise test, particularly with symptom development. It should also be considered in those patients presenting a fall in blood pr ...
Liver Segmental Anatomy Robin Smithuis Liver anatomy can be
Liver Segmental Anatomy Robin Smithuis Liver anatomy can be

... mputed tomography scanning, detailed insight into the individual segmental anatomy can now be obtained in a non-invasive manner (2,3). The significance of this anatomical insight lies in the planning of anatomical resections, whereby the relationship between tumour and individual segmental anatomy c ...
Abdominal Sonography Part 1 Lecture 1 Liver . Normal
Abdominal Sonography Part 1 Lecture 1 Liver . Normal

... fluid escapes from the vessels and get collected in body’s cavities  edema in the lower extremities, Ascites ...
Common Medical Abbreviations
Common Medical Abbreviations

... and symbols that should no longer be used. The action supports one of TJC’s national patient safety goals: to improve the effectiveness of communications among caregivers. The complete recommendations can be found on the TJC’s Web site at: www.jcaho.org/accredited%2Borganizations/patient%2Bsafety/04 ...
What is trauma
What is trauma

... especially in the presence of haemoperitonium or contamination. M.A.Kubtan ...
Liver Anatomy
Liver Anatomy

... hepatic veins and then back to the systemic system through the IVC. The portal vein forms from the connection of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein. The portal vein runs in a superior direction behind the duodenum to enter the posterior portion of the hepatoduodenal ligament. The port ...
Crush Injury - WordPress.com
Crush Injury - WordPress.com

... renal failure and death)  K / phosphate / urea  calcium (most common metabolic abnormality) / albumin / pH Urine: myoglobinuria (red/brown urine, Hb on dip; risk of acute renal failure if urine myoglobin >20,000mcg/L) ECG: arrhythmia is cause of early death (otherwise death at 3-5/7 from acute ren ...
THE LIVER - Orange Coast College
THE LIVER - Orange Coast College

... 5. Extends to caudate & left lobes on posterior surface of liver ...
Liver anatomy - Human Health Campus
Liver anatomy - Human Health Campus

... http://humanhealth.iaea.org ...
Conclusion of the concensus conference concerning multiple
Conclusion of the concensus conference concerning multiple

... such a study will be difficult given the individual differences in improvement of knee tissues found within these patients. However, the fact that different clinical views and experiences exists especially regarding the degree of aggressiveness and allowing e.g. early weight bearing in the rehabilit ...
Accessory Organs
Accessory Organs

... The hepatic blood vessels enter the liver at the porta hepatis The gallbladder rests in a recess on the inferior surface of the right lobe Bile leaves the liver via  Bile ducts which fuse into the common hepatic duct  The common hepatic duct fuses with the cystic duct  These two ducts form the bi ...
Normal Anatomy of the Liver and Pancreas
Normal Anatomy of the Liver and Pancreas

... UV = umbilical vein. ...
UpdATe: deTermiNiNG BrAiN deATh iN AdUlTS
UpdATe: deTermiNiNG BrAiN deATh iN AdUlTS

... Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is only useful if a reliable signal is found. The abnormalities should include either reverberating flow ...
Imaging Anatomy of the Liver
Imaging Anatomy of the Liver

... • Was more commonly performed pre-operatively before universal availability and improved capabilities of MRI to identify liver tumours or metastases in patients considered for resection • CT performed 60s after selective injection of contrast into SMA; in portovenous phase • Portal perfusion defects ...
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Acute liver failure



Acute liver failure is the appearance of severe complications rapidly after the first signs of liver disease (such as jaundice), and indicates that the liver has sustained severe damage (loss of function of 80–90% of liver cells). The complications are hepatic encephalopathy and impaired protein synthesis (as measured by the levels of serum albumin and the prothrombin time in the blood). The 1993 classification defines hyperacute as within 1 week, acute as 8–28 days and subacute as 4–12 weeks. It reflects the fact that the pace of disease evolution strongly influences prognosis. Underlying etiology is the other significant determinant of outcome.
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